Vulnerability of Antarctic shallow invertebrate-dominated ecosystems
Human impacts threaten not only species, but also entire ecosystems. Ecosystems under stress can collapse or transition into different states, potentially reducing biodiversity at a variety of scales. Here we examine the vulnerability of Antarctic shallow invertebrate-dominated ecosystems, which may...
Published in: | Austral Ecology |
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Blackwell Publishing
2015
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Online Access: | http://hdl.handle.net/1959.4/unsworks_56061 https://doi.org/10.1111/aec.12237 |
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ftunswworks:oai:unsworks.library.unsw.edu.au:1959.4/unsworks_56061 2024-05-12T07:55:25+00:00 Vulnerability of Antarctic shallow invertebrate-dominated ecosystems Clark, GF Raymond, B Riddle, MJ Stark, JS Johnston, EL 2015-06-01 http://hdl.handle.net/1959.4/unsworks_56061 https://doi.org/10.1111/aec.12237 unknown Blackwell Publishing http://purl.org/au-research/grants/arc/DP1096900 http://hdl.handle.net/1959.4/unsworks_56061 https://doi.org/10.1111/aec.12237 metadata only access http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_14cb CC-BY-NC-ND https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ urn:ISSN:1442-9985 urn:ISSN:1442-9993 Austral Ecology, 40, 4, 482-491 13 Climate Action 15 Life on Land anzsrc-for: 05 Environmental Sciences anzsrc-for: 06 Biological Sciences journal article http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501 2015 ftunswworks https://doi.org/10.1111/aec.12237 2024-04-17T14:51:04Z Human impacts threaten not only species, but also entire ecosystems. Ecosystems under stress can collapse or transition into different states, potentially reducing biodiversity at a variety of scales. Here we examine the vulnerability of Antarctic shallow invertebrate-dominated ecosystems, which may be threatened for several reasons. These unique shallow-water communities mostly consist of dark-adapted invertebrates, and rely on sea ice to create low-light marine environments. Climate change is likely to cause early breakout of seasonal sea ice in parts of Antarctica, which will dramatically increase the amount of light reaching shallow seabed. This is predicted to result in ecological regime shifts, in which invertebrate-dominated communities are replaced by macroalgal beds. Habitat for these endemic Antarctic ecosystems is globally rare, and the fragmented nature of their distribution along Antarctic coast increases their sensitivity to change. Concurrently, human activities in Antarctica are concentrated in areas where these habitats occur, compounding potential impacts. While there are clear mechanisms of threat to these ecosystems, lack of knowledge about their spatial distribution obscures predictions of potential ecosystem loss, and the likelihood of recovery. In this paper we describe these ecosystems, their association with the environment and the reasons for their vulnerability. We estimate their spatial distribution around Antarctica using sea ice and bathymetric data, and apply the International Union for Conservation of Nature Red List of Ecosystems criteria to assess their vulnerability. Best available data suggest that shallow ice-covered ecosystems are likely Near Threatened to Vulnerable in places, although the magnitude of risk is spatially variable and requires additional data to strengthen the assessment. Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica Sea ice UNSW Sydney (The University of New South Wales): UNSWorks Antarctic Austral Ecology 40 4 482 491 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
UNSW Sydney (The University of New South Wales): UNSWorks |
op_collection_id |
ftunswworks |
language |
unknown |
topic |
13 Climate Action 15 Life on Land anzsrc-for: 05 Environmental Sciences anzsrc-for: 06 Biological Sciences |
spellingShingle |
13 Climate Action 15 Life on Land anzsrc-for: 05 Environmental Sciences anzsrc-for: 06 Biological Sciences Clark, GF Raymond, B Riddle, MJ Stark, JS Johnston, EL Vulnerability of Antarctic shallow invertebrate-dominated ecosystems |
topic_facet |
13 Climate Action 15 Life on Land anzsrc-for: 05 Environmental Sciences anzsrc-for: 06 Biological Sciences |
description |
Human impacts threaten not only species, but also entire ecosystems. Ecosystems under stress can collapse or transition into different states, potentially reducing biodiversity at a variety of scales. Here we examine the vulnerability of Antarctic shallow invertebrate-dominated ecosystems, which may be threatened for several reasons. These unique shallow-water communities mostly consist of dark-adapted invertebrates, and rely on sea ice to create low-light marine environments. Climate change is likely to cause early breakout of seasonal sea ice in parts of Antarctica, which will dramatically increase the amount of light reaching shallow seabed. This is predicted to result in ecological regime shifts, in which invertebrate-dominated communities are replaced by macroalgal beds. Habitat for these endemic Antarctic ecosystems is globally rare, and the fragmented nature of their distribution along Antarctic coast increases their sensitivity to change. Concurrently, human activities in Antarctica are concentrated in areas where these habitats occur, compounding potential impacts. While there are clear mechanisms of threat to these ecosystems, lack of knowledge about their spatial distribution obscures predictions of potential ecosystem loss, and the likelihood of recovery. In this paper we describe these ecosystems, their association with the environment and the reasons for their vulnerability. We estimate their spatial distribution around Antarctica using sea ice and bathymetric data, and apply the International Union for Conservation of Nature Red List of Ecosystems criteria to assess their vulnerability. Best available data suggest that shallow ice-covered ecosystems are likely Near Threatened to Vulnerable in places, although the magnitude of risk is spatially variable and requires additional data to strengthen the assessment. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Clark, GF Raymond, B Riddle, MJ Stark, JS Johnston, EL |
author_facet |
Clark, GF Raymond, B Riddle, MJ Stark, JS Johnston, EL |
author_sort |
Clark, GF |
title |
Vulnerability of Antarctic shallow invertebrate-dominated ecosystems |
title_short |
Vulnerability of Antarctic shallow invertebrate-dominated ecosystems |
title_full |
Vulnerability of Antarctic shallow invertebrate-dominated ecosystems |
title_fullStr |
Vulnerability of Antarctic shallow invertebrate-dominated ecosystems |
title_full_unstemmed |
Vulnerability of Antarctic shallow invertebrate-dominated ecosystems |
title_sort |
vulnerability of antarctic shallow invertebrate-dominated ecosystems |
publisher |
Blackwell Publishing |
publishDate |
2015 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/1959.4/unsworks_56061 https://doi.org/10.1111/aec.12237 |
geographic |
Antarctic |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica Sea ice |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica Sea ice |
op_source |
urn:ISSN:1442-9985 urn:ISSN:1442-9993 Austral Ecology, 40, 4, 482-491 |
op_relation |
http://purl.org/au-research/grants/arc/DP1096900 http://hdl.handle.net/1959.4/unsworks_56061 https://doi.org/10.1111/aec.12237 |
op_rights |
metadata only access http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_14cb CC-BY-NC-ND https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1111/aec.12237 |
container_title |
Austral Ecology |
container_volume |
40 |
container_issue |
4 |
container_start_page |
482 |
op_container_end_page |
491 |
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1798835210129768448 |