Assessment of atmospheric aerosols from two reanalysis products over Australia

• Published in: Atmospheric Research
• Main Authors: Mukkavilli, SK, Prasad, AA, Taylor, RA, Huang, J, Mitchell, RM, Troccoli, A, Kay, MJ
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: unknown
• Published: Elsevier 2018
• Subjects: 37 Earth Sciences; 3701 Atmospheric Sciences; 13 Climate Action; anzsrc-for: 37 Earth Sciences; anzsrc-for: 3701 Atmospheric Sciences; anzsrc-for: 0299 Other Physical Sciences; anzsrc-for: 0401 Atmospheric Sciences; anzsrc-for: 3702 Climate change science; anzsrc-for: 4104 Environmental management; Merra; Aerosol Robotic Network
• Online Access: http://hdl.handle.net/1959.4/unsworks_52194; https://unsworks.unsw.edu.au/bitstreams/60b65ff5-cfde-4332-a6fe-43feb0bd9299/download; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosres.2018.08.026

Assessments of atmospheric aerosols from reanalysis are important for understanding uncertainty in model simulations, and ultimately predictions, such as for solar power or air quality forecasts and assessments. This study intercompares total aerosol optical depth (AOD) and dust AOD (DAOD) from two global reanalyses datasets, the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) Monitoring Atmospheric Composition and Climate (MACC) and the NASA Modern-Era Retrospective Analysis for Research-2 (MERRA-2). These are evaluated against AeroSpan (Aerosol characterisation via Sun photometry: Australian Network) ground observations which forms part of the Aerosol Robotic Network (AERONET) over the Australian continent for the 2002–2012 period. During dust storms, AeroSpan/AERONET AOD measurements were missing due to cloud screening. To overcome validation limitations in sun photometry for dust events, a nephelometer's scattering coefficient is qualitatively compared against reanalysis of DAOD at a key dust storm activation site, Tinga Tingana in South Australia (~200 km east of Lake Eyre). A specific extreme event that occurred in 2009 originating from the Lake Eyre basin, a major dust source covering one-sixth of Australia, was studied. The results show that MERRA-2 reanalysis overestimates monthly total AOD twice as much compared to AeroSpan/AERONET ground observations but seems better correlated against AeroSpan/AERONET than ECMWF/MACC. Mean data of MERRA-2 time series over 10 years provide lower DAOD values and lower dust aerosol estimates than ECMWF/MACC reanalysis (over the Lake Eyre basin with spatial averaging). Specifically at Tinga Tingana, the correlation from MERRA-2 (0.45 correlation) and ECMWF/MACC (0.43 correlation) against AeroSpan/AERONET's AOD were similar. Between MERRA-2 and ECMWF/MACC decade long daily gridded DAOD, the correlation coefficient was high at 0.73, again indicating similarity between the datasets. MERRA-2 total AOD correlation is significantly higher (by 0.26) against ...