Metaproteomic and genomic analyses of Antarctic haloarchaea
Deep Lake is a hypersaline lake in the Vestfold Hills, Antarctica. Because of its high salinity (around ten times seawater), Deep Lake does not freeze during winter and the water temperature drops to -20°C. Environmental sequencing of Deep Lake biomass revealed that the lake harbours a low-complexit...
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UNSW, Sydney
2017
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ftunswworks:oai:unsworks.library.unsw.edu.au:1959.4/57305 2023-05-15T13:48:45+02:00 Metaproteomic and genomic analyses of Antarctic haloarchaea Tschitschko, Bernhard 2017 application/pdf http://hdl.handle.net/1959.4/57305 https://unsworks.unsw.edu.au/bitstreams/7273b834-6cf5-40d4-8802-17592b020275/download https://doi.org/10.26190/unsworks/3118 EN eng UNSW, Sydney http://hdl.handle.net/1959.4/57305 https://unsworks.unsw.edu.au/bitstreams/7273b834-6cf5-40d4-8802-17592b020275/download https://doi.org/10.26190/unsworks/3118 open access https://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2 CC BY-NC-ND 3.0 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/au/ free_to_read CC-BY-NC-ND Hypersaline Metaproteomics haloarchaea Antarctica Genomics doctoral thesis http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_db06 2017 ftunswworks https://doi.org/10.26190/unsworks/3118 2022-08-09T07:33:47Z Deep Lake is a hypersaline lake in the Vestfold Hills, Antarctica. Because of its high salinity (around ten times seawater), Deep Lake does not freeze during winter and the water temperature drops to -20°C. Environmental sequencing of Deep Lake biomass revealed that the lake harbours a low-complexity microbial community that is dominated by haloarchaea. Genomic analyses of four isolated haloarchaeal species, including the three most abundant species (Halohasta litchfieldiae, DL31 and Halorubrum lacusprofundi), revealed differences in nutrient utilization and a high level of gene exchange between them. In this thesis, the Deep Lake microbial community was studied using metaproteomics. Through analyses of proteins that were present in lake samples, inferences were made about population structures and the functioning of the dominant members of the haloarchaeal community. The metaproteomics was complemented by metagenomic and genomic analyses, allowing an assessment of the viral community present in Deep Lake and interactions of viruses with haloarchaeal hosts. Strain variation was also assessed for Hrr. lacusprofundi by comparing the genome sequence of the Deep Lake type strain with a new strain isolated from a lake 30 km away. The metaproteomics revealed differences in targeted substrates that were linked to the distinct physiologies of the dominant haloarchaea. Proteins derived from viruses indicated a diverse viral population in Deep Lake. Cell surface proteins with a high degree of sequence variation were detected for the haloarchaea. These proteins were derived from phylotypes that exist in the lake and represent a defence strategy of the haloarchaea to escape virus infection. Other anti-viral defence systems such as CRISPR and BREX were also determined to be active, and CRISPR-spacer analysis revealed host-virus relationships, including the identification of broad host-range viruses. The genomic comparison between the two Hrr. lacusprofundi strains revealed distinct types of strain variation, with the primary ... Doctoral or Postdoctoral Thesis Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica UNSW Sydney (The University of New South Wales): UNSWorks Antarctic Vestfold Vestfold Hills |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
UNSW Sydney (The University of New South Wales): UNSWorks |
op_collection_id |
ftunswworks |
language |
English |
topic |
Hypersaline Metaproteomics haloarchaea Antarctica Genomics |
spellingShingle |
Hypersaline Metaproteomics haloarchaea Antarctica Genomics Tschitschko, Bernhard Metaproteomic and genomic analyses of Antarctic haloarchaea |
topic_facet |
Hypersaline Metaproteomics haloarchaea Antarctica Genomics |
description |
Deep Lake is a hypersaline lake in the Vestfold Hills, Antarctica. Because of its high salinity (around ten times seawater), Deep Lake does not freeze during winter and the water temperature drops to -20°C. Environmental sequencing of Deep Lake biomass revealed that the lake harbours a low-complexity microbial community that is dominated by haloarchaea. Genomic analyses of four isolated haloarchaeal species, including the three most abundant species (Halohasta litchfieldiae, DL31 and Halorubrum lacusprofundi), revealed differences in nutrient utilization and a high level of gene exchange between them. In this thesis, the Deep Lake microbial community was studied using metaproteomics. Through analyses of proteins that were present in lake samples, inferences were made about population structures and the functioning of the dominant members of the haloarchaeal community. The metaproteomics was complemented by metagenomic and genomic analyses, allowing an assessment of the viral community present in Deep Lake and interactions of viruses with haloarchaeal hosts. Strain variation was also assessed for Hrr. lacusprofundi by comparing the genome sequence of the Deep Lake type strain with a new strain isolated from a lake 30 km away. The metaproteomics revealed differences in targeted substrates that were linked to the distinct physiologies of the dominant haloarchaea. Proteins derived from viruses indicated a diverse viral population in Deep Lake. Cell surface proteins with a high degree of sequence variation were detected for the haloarchaea. These proteins were derived from phylotypes that exist in the lake and represent a defence strategy of the haloarchaea to escape virus infection. Other anti-viral defence systems such as CRISPR and BREX were also determined to be active, and CRISPR-spacer analysis revealed host-virus relationships, including the identification of broad host-range viruses. The genomic comparison between the two Hrr. lacusprofundi strains revealed distinct types of strain variation, with the primary ... |
format |
Doctoral or Postdoctoral Thesis |
author |
Tschitschko, Bernhard |
author_facet |
Tschitschko, Bernhard |
author_sort |
Tschitschko, Bernhard |
title |
Metaproteomic and genomic analyses of Antarctic haloarchaea |
title_short |
Metaproteomic and genomic analyses of Antarctic haloarchaea |
title_full |
Metaproteomic and genomic analyses of Antarctic haloarchaea |
title_fullStr |
Metaproteomic and genomic analyses of Antarctic haloarchaea |
title_full_unstemmed |
Metaproteomic and genomic analyses of Antarctic haloarchaea |
title_sort |
metaproteomic and genomic analyses of antarctic haloarchaea |
publisher |
UNSW, Sydney |
publishDate |
2017 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/1959.4/57305 https://unsworks.unsw.edu.au/bitstreams/7273b834-6cf5-40d4-8802-17592b020275/download https://doi.org/10.26190/unsworks/3118 |
geographic |
Antarctic Vestfold Vestfold Hills |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic Vestfold Vestfold Hills |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica |
op_relation |
http://hdl.handle.net/1959.4/57305 https://unsworks.unsw.edu.au/bitstreams/7273b834-6cf5-40d4-8802-17592b020275/download https://doi.org/10.26190/unsworks/3118 |
op_rights |
open access https://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2 CC BY-NC-ND 3.0 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/au/ free_to_read |
op_rightsnorm |
CC-BY-NC-ND |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.26190/unsworks/3118 |
_version_ |
1766249662084284416 |