A 7000 yr perspective on volcanic ash clouds affecting northern Europe
The ash cloud resulting from the A. D. 2010 eruption of Eyjafjallajokull in Iceland caused severe disruption to air travel across Europe, but as a geological event it is not unprecedented. Analysis of peats and lake sediments from northern Europe has revealed the presence of microscopic layers of Ic...
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Online Access: | https://risweb.st-andrews.ac.uk/portal/en/researchoutput/a-7000-yr-perspective-on-volcanic-ash-clouds-affecting-northern-europe(a0956487-fc4d-491b-a114-9cad8b609ddc).html https://doi.org/10.1130/G32146.1 |
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ftunstandrewcris:oai:risweb.st-andrews.ac.uk:publications/a0956487-fc4d-491b-a114-9cad8b609ddc 2023-05-15T16:51:13+02:00 A 7000 yr perspective on volcanic ash clouds affecting northern Europe Swindles, Graeme T. Lawson, Ian T. Savov, Ivan P. Connor, Charles B. Plunkett, Gill 2011-09 https://risweb.st-andrews.ac.uk/portal/en/researchoutput/a-7000-yr-perspective-on-volcanic-ash-clouds-affecting-northern-europe(a0956487-fc4d-491b-a114-9cad8b609ddc).html https://doi.org/10.1130/G32146.1 eng eng info:eu-repo/semantics/restrictedAccess Swindles , G T , Lawson , I T , Savov , I P , Connor , C B & Plunkett , G 2011 , ' A 7000 yr perspective on volcanic ash clouds affecting northern Europe ' , Geology , vol. 39 , no. 9 , pp. 887-890 . https://doi.org/10.1130/G32146.1 LATE-QUATERNARY EXPLOSIVE ERUPTIONS TEPHRA ISOCHRONES ICELANDIC TEPHRA ATLANTIC REGION TEPHROCHRONOLOGY IRELAND GEOCHEMISTRY DISPERSAL DEPOSITS article 2011 ftunstandrewcris https://doi.org/10.1130/G32146.1 2022-06-02T07:43:41Z The ash cloud resulting from the A. D. 2010 eruption of Eyjafjallajokull in Iceland caused severe disruption to air travel across Europe, but as a geological event it is not unprecedented. Analysis of peats and lake sediments from northern Europe has revealed the presence of microscopic layers of Icelandic volcanic ash (tephra). These sedimentary records, together with historical records of Holocene ash falls, demonstrate that Icelandic volcanoes have generated substantial ash clouds that reached northern Europe many times. Here we present the first comprehensive compilation of sedimentary and historical records of ash-fall events in northern Europe, spanning the past 7000 yr. Ash-fall events appear to have been more frequent in the past 1500 yr. It is unclear whether this reflects a true increase in eruption frequency or dispersal, or is an artifact of the records or the way in which they have been generated. In the past 1000 yr, volcanic ash clouds reached northern Europe with a mean return interval of 56 +/- 9 yr (the range of return intervals is between 6 and 115 yr). Probabilistic modeling using the ash records for the last millennium indicates that for any 10 yr period there is a 16% probability of a tephra fallout event in northern Europe. These values must be considered as conservative estimates due to the nature of tephra capture and preservation in the sedimentary record. Article in Journal/Newspaper Iceland University of St Andrews: Research Portal Eyjafjallajokull ENVELOPE(-19.633,-19.633,63.631,63.631) Geology 39 9 887 890 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
University of St Andrews: Research Portal |
op_collection_id |
ftunstandrewcris |
language |
English |
topic |
LATE-QUATERNARY EXPLOSIVE ERUPTIONS TEPHRA ISOCHRONES ICELANDIC TEPHRA ATLANTIC REGION TEPHROCHRONOLOGY IRELAND GEOCHEMISTRY DISPERSAL DEPOSITS |
spellingShingle |
LATE-QUATERNARY EXPLOSIVE ERUPTIONS TEPHRA ISOCHRONES ICELANDIC TEPHRA ATLANTIC REGION TEPHROCHRONOLOGY IRELAND GEOCHEMISTRY DISPERSAL DEPOSITS Swindles, Graeme T. Lawson, Ian T. Savov, Ivan P. Connor, Charles B. Plunkett, Gill A 7000 yr perspective on volcanic ash clouds affecting northern Europe |
topic_facet |
LATE-QUATERNARY EXPLOSIVE ERUPTIONS TEPHRA ISOCHRONES ICELANDIC TEPHRA ATLANTIC REGION TEPHROCHRONOLOGY IRELAND GEOCHEMISTRY DISPERSAL DEPOSITS |
description |
The ash cloud resulting from the A. D. 2010 eruption of Eyjafjallajokull in Iceland caused severe disruption to air travel across Europe, but as a geological event it is not unprecedented. Analysis of peats and lake sediments from northern Europe has revealed the presence of microscopic layers of Icelandic volcanic ash (tephra). These sedimentary records, together with historical records of Holocene ash falls, demonstrate that Icelandic volcanoes have generated substantial ash clouds that reached northern Europe many times. Here we present the first comprehensive compilation of sedimentary and historical records of ash-fall events in northern Europe, spanning the past 7000 yr. Ash-fall events appear to have been more frequent in the past 1500 yr. It is unclear whether this reflects a true increase in eruption frequency or dispersal, or is an artifact of the records or the way in which they have been generated. In the past 1000 yr, volcanic ash clouds reached northern Europe with a mean return interval of 56 +/- 9 yr (the range of return intervals is between 6 and 115 yr). Probabilistic modeling using the ash records for the last millennium indicates that for any 10 yr period there is a 16% probability of a tephra fallout event in northern Europe. These values must be considered as conservative estimates due to the nature of tephra capture and preservation in the sedimentary record. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Swindles, Graeme T. Lawson, Ian T. Savov, Ivan P. Connor, Charles B. Plunkett, Gill |
author_facet |
Swindles, Graeme T. Lawson, Ian T. Savov, Ivan P. Connor, Charles B. Plunkett, Gill |
author_sort |
Swindles, Graeme T. |
title |
A 7000 yr perspective on volcanic ash clouds affecting northern Europe |
title_short |
A 7000 yr perspective on volcanic ash clouds affecting northern Europe |
title_full |
A 7000 yr perspective on volcanic ash clouds affecting northern Europe |
title_fullStr |
A 7000 yr perspective on volcanic ash clouds affecting northern Europe |
title_full_unstemmed |
A 7000 yr perspective on volcanic ash clouds affecting northern Europe |
title_sort |
7000 yr perspective on volcanic ash clouds affecting northern europe |
publishDate |
2011 |
url |
https://risweb.st-andrews.ac.uk/portal/en/researchoutput/a-7000-yr-perspective-on-volcanic-ash-clouds-affecting-northern-europe(a0956487-fc4d-491b-a114-9cad8b609ddc).html https://doi.org/10.1130/G32146.1 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(-19.633,-19.633,63.631,63.631) |
geographic |
Eyjafjallajokull |
geographic_facet |
Eyjafjallajokull |
genre |
Iceland |
genre_facet |
Iceland |
op_source |
Swindles , G T , Lawson , I T , Savov , I P , Connor , C B & Plunkett , G 2011 , ' A 7000 yr perspective on volcanic ash clouds affecting northern Europe ' , Geology , vol. 39 , no. 9 , pp. 887-890 . https://doi.org/10.1130/G32146.1 |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/restrictedAccess |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1130/G32146.1 |
container_title |
Geology |
container_volume |
39 |
container_issue |
9 |
container_start_page |
887 |
op_container_end_page |
890 |
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1766041332506165248 |