Climatic control on Icelandic volcanic activity during the mid-Holocene
Human-induced climate change is causing rapid melting of ice in many volcanically active regions. Over glacial-interglacial time scales changes in surface loading exerted by large variations in glacier size affect the rates of volcanic activity. Numerical models suggest that smaller changes in ice v...
Published in: | Geology |
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Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
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2018
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Online Access: | https://risweb.st-andrews.ac.uk/portal/en/researchoutput/climatic-control-on-icelandic-volcanic-activity-during-the-midholocene(61798944-07a7-4b86-ad68-9f22d164ab6e).html https://doi.org/10.1130/G39633.1 https://research-repository.st-andrews.ac.uk/bitstream/10023/12424/1/Lawson_2017_Geology_Icelandicvolcanic_CC.pdf |
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ftunstandrewcris:oai:risweb.st-andrews.ac.uk:publications/61798944-07a7-4b86-ad68-9f22d164ab6e 2023-05-15T16:21:45+02:00 Climatic control on Icelandic volcanic activity during the mid-Holocene Swindles, Graeme T. Watson, Elizabeth J. Savov, Ivan P. Lawson, Ian T. Schmidt, Anja Hooper, Andrew Cooper, Claire L. Connor, Charles B. Gloor, Manuel Carrivick, Jonathan L. 2018-01 application/pdf https://risweb.st-andrews.ac.uk/portal/en/researchoutput/climatic-control-on-icelandic-volcanic-activity-during-the-midholocene(61798944-07a7-4b86-ad68-9f22d164ab6e).html https://doi.org/10.1130/G39633.1 https://research-repository.st-andrews.ac.uk/bitstream/10023/12424/1/Lawson_2017_Geology_Icelandicvolcanic_CC.pdf eng eng info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess Swindles , G T , Watson , E J , Savov , I P , Lawson , I T , Schmidt , A , Hooper , A , Cooper , C L , Connor , C B , Gloor , M & Carrivick , J L 2018 , ' Climatic control on Icelandic volcanic activity during the mid-Holocene ' , Geology , vol. 46 , no. 1 , pp. 47-50 . https://doi.org/10.1130/G39633.1 article 2018 ftunstandrewcris https://doi.org/10.1130/G39633.1 2021-12-26T14:31:25Z Human-induced climate change is causing rapid melting of ice in many volcanically active regions. Over glacial-interglacial time scales changes in surface loading exerted by large variations in glacier size affect the rates of volcanic activity. Numerical models suggest that smaller changes in ice volume over shorter time scales may also influence rates of mantle melt generation. However, this effect has not been verified in the geological record. Furthermore, the time lag between climatic forcing and a resultant change in the frequency of volcanic eruptions is unknown. We present empirical evidence that the frequency of volcanic eruptions in Iceland was affected by glacial extent, modulated by climate, on multicentennial time scales during the Holocene. We examine the frequency of volcanic ash deposition over northern Europe and compare this with Icelandic eruptions. We identify a period of markedly reduced volcanic activity centered on 5.5-4.5 ka that was preceded by a major change in atmospheric circulation patterns, expressed in the North Atlantic as a deepening of the Icelandic Low, favoring glacial advance on Iceland. We calculate an apparent time lag of ~600 yr between the climate event and change in eruption frequency. Given the time lag identified here, increase in volcanic eruptions due to ongoing deglaciation since the end of the Little Ice Age may not become apparent for hundreds of years. Article in Journal/Newspaper glacier Iceland North Atlantic University of St Andrews: Research Portal Geology 46 1 47 50 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
University of St Andrews: Research Portal |
op_collection_id |
ftunstandrewcris |
language |
English |
description |
Human-induced climate change is causing rapid melting of ice in many volcanically active regions. Over glacial-interglacial time scales changes in surface loading exerted by large variations in glacier size affect the rates of volcanic activity. Numerical models suggest that smaller changes in ice volume over shorter time scales may also influence rates of mantle melt generation. However, this effect has not been verified in the geological record. Furthermore, the time lag between climatic forcing and a resultant change in the frequency of volcanic eruptions is unknown. We present empirical evidence that the frequency of volcanic eruptions in Iceland was affected by glacial extent, modulated by climate, on multicentennial time scales during the Holocene. We examine the frequency of volcanic ash deposition over northern Europe and compare this with Icelandic eruptions. We identify a period of markedly reduced volcanic activity centered on 5.5-4.5 ka that was preceded by a major change in atmospheric circulation patterns, expressed in the North Atlantic as a deepening of the Icelandic Low, favoring glacial advance on Iceland. We calculate an apparent time lag of ~600 yr between the climate event and change in eruption frequency. Given the time lag identified here, increase in volcanic eruptions due to ongoing deglaciation since the end of the Little Ice Age may not become apparent for hundreds of years. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Swindles, Graeme T. Watson, Elizabeth J. Savov, Ivan P. Lawson, Ian T. Schmidt, Anja Hooper, Andrew Cooper, Claire L. Connor, Charles B. Gloor, Manuel Carrivick, Jonathan L. |
spellingShingle |
Swindles, Graeme T. Watson, Elizabeth J. Savov, Ivan P. Lawson, Ian T. Schmidt, Anja Hooper, Andrew Cooper, Claire L. Connor, Charles B. Gloor, Manuel Carrivick, Jonathan L. Climatic control on Icelandic volcanic activity during the mid-Holocene |
author_facet |
Swindles, Graeme T. Watson, Elizabeth J. Savov, Ivan P. Lawson, Ian T. Schmidt, Anja Hooper, Andrew Cooper, Claire L. Connor, Charles B. Gloor, Manuel Carrivick, Jonathan L. |
author_sort |
Swindles, Graeme T. |
title |
Climatic control on Icelandic volcanic activity during the mid-Holocene |
title_short |
Climatic control on Icelandic volcanic activity during the mid-Holocene |
title_full |
Climatic control on Icelandic volcanic activity during the mid-Holocene |
title_fullStr |
Climatic control on Icelandic volcanic activity during the mid-Holocene |
title_full_unstemmed |
Climatic control on Icelandic volcanic activity during the mid-Holocene |
title_sort |
climatic control on icelandic volcanic activity during the mid-holocene |
publishDate |
2018 |
url |
https://risweb.st-andrews.ac.uk/portal/en/researchoutput/climatic-control-on-icelandic-volcanic-activity-during-the-midholocene(61798944-07a7-4b86-ad68-9f22d164ab6e).html https://doi.org/10.1130/G39633.1 https://research-repository.st-andrews.ac.uk/bitstream/10023/12424/1/Lawson_2017_Geology_Icelandicvolcanic_CC.pdf |
genre |
glacier Iceland North Atlantic |
genre_facet |
glacier Iceland North Atlantic |
op_source |
Swindles , G T , Watson , E J , Savov , I P , Lawson , I T , Schmidt , A , Hooper , A , Cooper , C L , Connor , C B , Gloor , M & Carrivick , J L 2018 , ' Climatic control on Icelandic volcanic activity during the mid-Holocene ' , Geology , vol. 46 , no. 1 , pp. 47-50 . https://doi.org/10.1130/G39633.1 |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1130/G39633.1 |
container_title |
Geology |
container_volume |
46 |
container_issue |
1 |
container_start_page |
47 |
op_container_end_page |
50 |
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1766009735622950912 |