A full-Stokes 3D calving model applied to a large Greenlandic glacier
Iceberg calving accounts for around half of all mass loss from both the Greenland and Antarctic ice sheets. The diverse nature of calving and its complex links to both internal dynamics and climate make it challenging to incorporate into models of glaciers and ice sheets. Here, we present results fr...
Published in: | Journal of Geophysical Research: Earth Surface |
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Language: | English |
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2018
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Online Access: | https://risweb.st-andrews.ac.uk/portal/en/researchoutput/a-fullstokes-3d-calving-model-applied-to-a-large-greenlandic-glacier(1cc468fb-efd8-4c86-bf02-7f59d5ce362a).html https://doi.org/10.1002/2017JF004349 https://research-repository.st-andrews.ac.uk/bitstream/10023/15940/1/Todd_2018_JGRES_3DCalvingModel_FinalPubVersion.pdf |
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ftunstandrewcris:oai:risweb.st-andrews.ac.uk:publications/1cc468fb-efd8-4c86-bf02-7f59d5ce362a 2023-05-15T13:51:52+02:00 A full-Stokes 3D calving model applied to a large Greenlandic glacier Todd, Joe Christoffersen, Poul Zwinger, Thomas Råback, Peter Chauché, Nolwenn Benn, Doug Luckman, Adrian Ryan, Johnny Toberg, Nick Slater, Donald Hubbard, Alun 2018-03-01 application/pdf https://risweb.st-andrews.ac.uk/portal/en/researchoutput/a-fullstokes-3d-calving-model-applied-to-a-large-greenlandic-glacier(1cc468fb-efd8-4c86-bf02-7f59d5ce362a).html https://doi.org/10.1002/2017JF004349 https://research-repository.st-andrews.ac.uk/bitstream/10023/15940/1/Todd_2018_JGRES_3DCalvingModel_FinalPubVersion.pdf eng eng info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess Todd , J , Christoffersen , P , Zwinger , T , Råback , P , Chauché , N , Benn , D , Luckman , A , Ryan , J , Toberg , N , Slater , D & Hubbard , A 2018 , ' A full-Stokes 3D calving model applied to a large Greenlandic glacier ' , Journal of Geophysical Research - Earth Surface , vol. 123 , no. 3 , pp. 410-432 . https://doi.org/10.1002/2017JF004349 Calving Greenland Modelling article 2018 ftunstandrewcris https://doi.org/10.1002/2017JF004349 2021-12-26T14:31:48Z Iceberg calving accounts for around half of all mass loss from both the Greenland and Antarctic ice sheets. The diverse nature of calving and its complex links to both internal dynamics and climate make it challenging to incorporate into models of glaciers and ice sheets. Here, we present results from a new open-source 3D full-Stokes calving model developed in Elmer/Ice. The calving model implements the crevasse depth criterion, which states that calving occurs when surface and basal crevasses penetrate the full thickness of the glacier. The model also implements a new 3D rediscretization approach and a time-evolution scheme which allow the calving front to evolve realistically through time. We test the model in an application to Store Glacier, one of the largest outlet glaciers in West Greenland, and find that it realistically simulates the seasonal advance and retreat when two principal environmental forcings are applied. These forcings are 1) submarine melting in distributed and concentrated forms, and 2) ice mélange buttressing. We find that ice mélange buttressing is primarily responsible for Store Glacier's seasonal advance and retreat. Distributed submarine melting prevents the glacier from forming a permanent floating tongue, while concentrated plume melting has a disproportionately large and potentially destabilizing effect on the calving front position. Our results also highlight the importance of basal topography, which exerts a strong control on calving, explaining why Store Glacier has remained stable during a period when neighboring glaciers have undergone prolonged interannual retreat. Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctic glacier Greenland greenlandic Iceberg* University of St Andrews: Research Portal Antarctic Greenland Journal of Geophysical Research: Earth Surface 123 3 410 432 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
University of St Andrews: Research Portal |
op_collection_id |
ftunstandrewcris |
language |
English |
topic |
Calving Greenland Modelling |
spellingShingle |
Calving Greenland Modelling Todd, Joe Christoffersen, Poul Zwinger, Thomas Råback, Peter Chauché, Nolwenn Benn, Doug Luckman, Adrian Ryan, Johnny Toberg, Nick Slater, Donald Hubbard, Alun A full-Stokes 3D calving model applied to a large Greenlandic glacier |
topic_facet |
Calving Greenland Modelling |
description |
Iceberg calving accounts for around half of all mass loss from both the Greenland and Antarctic ice sheets. The diverse nature of calving and its complex links to both internal dynamics and climate make it challenging to incorporate into models of glaciers and ice sheets. Here, we present results from a new open-source 3D full-Stokes calving model developed in Elmer/Ice. The calving model implements the crevasse depth criterion, which states that calving occurs when surface and basal crevasses penetrate the full thickness of the glacier. The model also implements a new 3D rediscretization approach and a time-evolution scheme which allow the calving front to evolve realistically through time. We test the model in an application to Store Glacier, one of the largest outlet glaciers in West Greenland, and find that it realistically simulates the seasonal advance and retreat when two principal environmental forcings are applied. These forcings are 1) submarine melting in distributed and concentrated forms, and 2) ice mélange buttressing. We find that ice mélange buttressing is primarily responsible for Store Glacier's seasonal advance and retreat. Distributed submarine melting prevents the glacier from forming a permanent floating tongue, while concentrated plume melting has a disproportionately large and potentially destabilizing effect on the calving front position. Our results also highlight the importance of basal topography, which exerts a strong control on calving, explaining why Store Glacier has remained stable during a period when neighboring glaciers have undergone prolonged interannual retreat. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Todd, Joe Christoffersen, Poul Zwinger, Thomas Råback, Peter Chauché, Nolwenn Benn, Doug Luckman, Adrian Ryan, Johnny Toberg, Nick Slater, Donald Hubbard, Alun |
author_facet |
Todd, Joe Christoffersen, Poul Zwinger, Thomas Råback, Peter Chauché, Nolwenn Benn, Doug Luckman, Adrian Ryan, Johnny Toberg, Nick Slater, Donald Hubbard, Alun |
author_sort |
Todd, Joe |
title |
A full-Stokes 3D calving model applied to a large Greenlandic glacier |
title_short |
A full-Stokes 3D calving model applied to a large Greenlandic glacier |
title_full |
A full-Stokes 3D calving model applied to a large Greenlandic glacier |
title_fullStr |
A full-Stokes 3D calving model applied to a large Greenlandic glacier |
title_full_unstemmed |
A full-Stokes 3D calving model applied to a large Greenlandic glacier |
title_sort |
full-stokes 3d calving model applied to a large greenlandic glacier |
publishDate |
2018 |
url |
https://risweb.st-andrews.ac.uk/portal/en/researchoutput/a-fullstokes-3d-calving-model-applied-to-a-large-greenlandic-glacier(1cc468fb-efd8-4c86-bf02-7f59d5ce362a).html https://doi.org/10.1002/2017JF004349 https://research-repository.st-andrews.ac.uk/bitstream/10023/15940/1/Todd_2018_JGRES_3DCalvingModel_FinalPubVersion.pdf |
geographic |
Antarctic Greenland |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic Greenland |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic glacier Greenland greenlandic Iceberg* |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic glacier Greenland greenlandic Iceberg* |
op_source |
Todd , J , Christoffersen , P , Zwinger , T , Råback , P , Chauché , N , Benn , D , Luckman , A , Ryan , J , Toberg , N , Slater , D & Hubbard , A 2018 , ' A full-Stokes 3D calving model applied to a large Greenlandic glacier ' , Journal of Geophysical Research - Earth Surface , vol. 123 , no. 3 , pp. 410-432 . https://doi.org/10.1002/2017JF004349 |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1002/2017JF004349 |
container_title |
Journal of Geophysical Research: Earth Surface |
container_volume |
123 |
container_issue |
3 |
container_start_page |
410 |
op_container_end_page |
432 |
_version_ |
1766255912126775296 |