Killer whales ( Orcinus orca ) in Iceland show weak genetic structure among diverse isotopic signatures and observed movement patterns
Local adaption through ecological niche specialization can lead to genetic structure between and within populations. In the Northeast Pacific, killer whales ( Orcinus orca ) of the same population have uniform specialized diets that are non‐overlapping with other sympatric, genetically divergent, an...
Published in: | Ecology and Evolution |
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Language: | English |
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2018
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Online Access: | https://research-portal.st-andrews.ac.uk/en/researchoutput/killer-whales-orcinus-orca-in-iceland-show-weak-genetic-structure-among-diverse-isotopic-signatures-and-observed-movement-patterns(ec372b18-951a-4c29-a203-e3c8b1013566).html https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.4646 https://research-repository.st-andrews.ac.uk/bitstream/10023/16478/1/Tavares_2018_EE_geneticstructure_CC.pdf |
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ftunstandrewcris:oai:research-portal.st-andrews.ac.uk:publications/ec372b18-951a-4c29-a203-e3c8b1013566 2024-06-23T07:53:56+00:00 Killer whales ( Orcinus orca ) in Iceland show weak genetic structure among diverse isotopic signatures and observed movement patterns Tavares, Sara B. Samarra, Filipa I. P. Pascoal, Sonia Graves, Jeff A. Miller, Patrick J. O. 2018-12 application/pdf https://research-portal.st-andrews.ac.uk/en/researchoutput/killer-whales-orcinus-orca-in-iceland-show-weak-genetic-structure-among-diverse-isotopic-signatures-and-observed-movement-patterns(ec372b18-951a-4c29-a203-e3c8b1013566).html https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.4646 https://research-repository.st-andrews.ac.uk/bitstream/10023/16478/1/Tavares_2018_EE_geneticstructure_CC.pdf eng eng https://research-portal.st-andrews.ac.uk/en/researchoutput/killer-whales-orcinus-orca-in-iceland-show-weak-genetic-structure-among-diverse-isotopic-signatures-and-observed-movement-patterns(ec372b18-951a-4c29-a203-e3c8b1013566).html info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess Tavares , S B , Samarra , F I P , Pascoal , S , Graves , J A & Miller , P J O 2018 , ' Killer whales ( Orcinus orca ) in Iceland show weak genetic structure among diverse isotopic signatures and observed movement patterns ' , Ecology and Evolution , vol. 8 , no. 23 , pp. 11900-11913 . https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.4646 Ecological niche Genetic differentiation Killer whales Microsatellites Orcinus orca Population ecology article 2018 ftunstandrewcris https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.4646 2024-06-13T01:03:31Z Local adaption through ecological niche specialization can lead to genetic structure between and within populations. In the Northeast Pacific, killer whales ( Orcinus orca ) of the same population have uniform specialized diets that are non‐overlapping with other sympatric, genetically divergent, and socially isolated killer whale ecotypes. However, killer whales in Iceland show intrapopulation variation of isotopic niches and observed movement patterns: some individuals appear to specialize on herring and follow it year‐round while others feed upon herring only seasonally or opportunistically. We investigated genetic differentiation among Icelandic killer whales with different isotopic signatures and observed movement patterns. This information is key for management and conservation purposes but also for better understanding how niche specialization drives genetic differentiation. Photo‐identified individuals ( N = 61) were genotyped for 22 microsatellites and a 611 bp portion of the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) control region. Photo‐identification of individuals allowed linkage of genetic data to existing data on individual isotopic niche, observed movement patterns, and social associations. Population subdivision into three genetic units was supported by a discriminant analysis of principal components (DAPC). Genetic clustering corresponded to the distribution of isotopic signatures, mtDNA haplotypes, and observed movement patterns, but genetic units were not socially segregated. Genetic differentiation was weak ( F ST < 0.1), suggesting ongoing gene flow or recent separation of the genetic units. Our results show that killer whales in Iceland are not as genetically differentiated, ecologically discrete, or socially isolated as the Northeast Pacific prey‐specialized killer whales. If any process of ecological divergence and niche specialization is taking place among killer whales in Iceland, it is likely at a very early stage and has not led to the patterns observed in the Northeast Pacific. Article in Journal/Newspaper Iceland Killer Whale Orca Orcinus orca Killer whale University of St Andrews: Research Portal Pacific Ecology and Evolution 8 23 11900 11913 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
University of St Andrews: Research Portal |
op_collection_id |
ftunstandrewcris |
language |
English |
topic |
Ecological niche Genetic differentiation Killer whales Microsatellites Orcinus orca Population ecology |
spellingShingle |
Ecological niche Genetic differentiation Killer whales Microsatellites Orcinus orca Population ecology Tavares, Sara B. Samarra, Filipa I. P. Pascoal, Sonia Graves, Jeff A. Miller, Patrick J. O. Killer whales ( Orcinus orca ) in Iceland show weak genetic structure among diverse isotopic signatures and observed movement patterns |
topic_facet |
Ecological niche Genetic differentiation Killer whales Microsatellites Orcinus orca Population ecology |
description |
Local adaption through ecological niche specialization can lead to genetic structure between and within populations. In the Northeast Pacific, killer whales ( Orcinus orca ) of the same population have uniform specialized diets that are non‐overlapping with other sympatric, genetically divergent, and socially isolated killer whale ecotypes. However, killer whales in Iceland show intrapopulation variation of isotopic niches and observed movement patterns: some individuals appear to specialize on herring and follow it year‐round while others feed upon herring only seasonally or opportunistically. We investigated genetic differentiation among Icelandic killer whales with different isotopic signatures and observed movement patterns. This information is key for management and conservation purposes but also for better understanding how niche specialization drives genetic differentiation. Photo‐identified individuals ( N = 61) were genotyped for 22 microsatellites and a 611 bp portion of the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) control region. Photo‐identification of individuals allowed linkage of genetic data to existing data on individual isotopic niche, observed movement patterns, and social associations. Population subdivision into three genetic units was supported by a discriminant analysis of principal components (DAPC). Genetic clustering corresponded to the distribution of isotopic signatures, mtDNA haplotypes, and observed movement patterns, but genetic units were not socially segregated. Genetic differentiation was weak ( F ST < 0.1), suggesting ongoing gene flow or recent separation of the genetic units. Our results show that killer whales in Iceland are not as genetically differentiated, ecologically discrete, or socially isolated as the Northeast Pacific prey‐specialized killer whales. If any process of ecological divergence and niche specialization is taking place among killer whales in Iceland, it is likely at a very early stage and has not led to the patterns observed in the Northeast Pacific. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Tavares, Sara B. Samarra, Filipa I. P. Pascoal, Sonia Graves, Jeff A. Miller, Patrick J. O. |
author_facet |
Tavares, Sara B. Samarra, Filipa I. P. Pascoal, Sonia Graves, Jeff A. Miller, Patrick J. O. |
author_sort |
Tavares, Sara B. |
title |
Killer whales ( Orcinus orca ) in Iceland show weak genetic structure among diverse isotopic signatures and observed movement patterns |
title_short |
Killer whales ( Orcinus orca ) in Iceland show weak genetic structure among diverse isotopic signatures and observed movement patterns |
title_full |
Killer whales ( Orcinus orca ) in Iceland show weak genetic structure among diverse isotopic signatures and observed movement patterns |
title_fullStr |
Killer whales ( Orcinus orca ) in Iceland show weak genetic structure among diverse isotopic signatures and observed movement patterns |
title_full_unstemmed |
Killer whales ( Orcinus orca ) in Iceland show weak genetic structure among diverse isotopic signatures and observed movement patterns |
title_sort |
killer whales ( orcinus orca ) in iceland show weak genetic structure among diverse isotopic signatures and observed movement patterns |
publishDate |
2018 |
url |
https://research-portal.st-andrews.ac.uk/en/researchoutput/killer-whales-orcinus-orca-in-iceland-show-weak-genetic-structure-among-diverse-isotopic-signatures-and-observed-movement-patterns(ec372b18-951a-4c29-a203-e3c8b1013566).html https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.4646 https://research-repository.st-andrews.ac.uk/bitstream/10023/16478/1/Tavares_2018_EE_geneticstructure_CC.pdf |
geographic |
Pacific |
geographic_facet |
Pacific |
genre |
Iceland Killer Whale Orca Orcinus orca Killer whale |
genre_facet |
Iceland Killer Whale Orca Orcinus orca Killer whale |
op_source |
Tavares , S B , Samarra , F I P , Pascoal , S , Graves , J A & Miller , P J O 2018 , ' Killer whales ( Orcinus orca ) in Iceland show weak genetic structure among diverse isotopic signatures and observed movement patterns ' , Ecology and Evolution , vol. 8 , no. 23 , pp. 11900-11913 . https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.4646 |
op_relation |
https://research-portal.st-andrews.ac.uk/en/researchoutput/killer-whales-orcinus-orca-in-iceland-show-weak-genetic-structure-among-diverse-isotopic-signatures-and-observed-movement-patterns(ec372b18-951a-4c29-a203-e3c8b1013566).html |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.4646 |
container_title |
Ecology and Evolution |
container_volume |
8 |
container_issue |
23 |
container_start_page |
11900 |
op_container_end_page |
11913 |
_version_ |
1802645841963384832 |