Modelling the influence of copepod behaviour on faecal pellet export at high latitudes
The contribution of faecal pellet (FP) production by zooplankton to the downward flux of particulate organic carbon (POC) can vary from < 1 % to more than 90 % of total POC. This results from varying degrees of interception and consumption, and hence recycling, of FPs by zooplankton in the upper...
Published in: | Polar Biology |
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Language: | English |
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2013
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Online Access: | https://research-portal.st-andrews.ac.uk/en/researchoutput/modelling-the-influence-of-copepod-behaviour-on-faecal-pellet-export-at-high-latitudes(adb94af9-8801-47be-92d7-08656057893a).html https://doi.org/10.1007/s00300-013-1287-7 |
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ftunstandrewcris:oai:research-portal.st-andrews.ac.uk:publications/adb94af9-8801-47be-92d7-08656057893a 2024-06-23T07:50:53+00:00 Modelling the influence of copepod behaviour on faecal pellet export at high latitudes Wallace, Margaret Isabel Cottier, F. R. Brierley, Andrew Stuart Tarling, G. A. 2013-04 https://research-portal.st-andrews.ac.uk/en/researchoutput/modelling-the-influence-of-copepod-behaviour-on-faecal-pellet-export-at-high-latitudes(adb94af9-8801-47be-92d7-08656057893a).html https://doi.org/10.1007/s00300-013-1287-7 eng eng https://research-portal.st-andrews.ac.uk/en/researchoutput/modelling-the-influence-of-copepod-behaviour-on-faecal-pellet-export-at-high-latitudes(adb94af9-8801-47be-92d7-08656057893a).html info:eu-repo/semantics/restrictedAccess Wallace , M I , Cottier , F R , Brierley , A S & Tarling , G A 2013 , ' Modelling the influence of copepod behaviour on faecal pellet export at high latitudes ' , Polar Biology , vol. 36 , no. 4 , pp. 579-592 . https://doi.org/10.1007/s00300-013-1287-7 Zooplankton Arctic Vertical migration Carbon flux Foray-type behaviour Satiation sinking Acoustic Doppler current profiler article 2013 ftunstandrewcris https://doi.org/10.1007/s00300-013-1287-7 2024-06-13T00:38:10Z The contribution of faecal pellet (FP) production by zooplankton to the downward flux of particulate organic carbon (POC) can vary from < 1 % to more than 90 % of total POC. This results from varying degrees of interception and consumption, and hence recycling, of FPs by zooplankton in the upper mixed layers, and the active transport of FP to depth via diel vertical migration (VM) of zooplankton. During mid-summer at high latitudes, synchronised diel VM ceases, but individual zooplankton may continue to make forays into and out of the surface layers. This study considers the relative importance of different VM behaviours on FP export at high latitudes. We focussed on copepods and parameterised an individual-based model using empirical measures of phytoplankton vertical distribution and the rate of FP production, as a function of food availability. FP production was estimated under three different behaviours common to high-latitude environments (1) no VM, (2) foray-type behaviour and (3) synchronised diel VM. Simulations were also made of how each of these behaviours would be observed by an acoustic Doppler current profiler (ADCP). The model found that the type of copepod behaviour made a substantial difference to the level of FP export to depth. In the absence of VM, all FPs were produced above 50 m, where the probability of eventual export to depth was low. In foray-type scenarios, FP production occurred between 0 and 80 m, although the majority occurred between 30 and 70 m depth. Greatest FP production in the deeper layers (> 70 m) occurred when diel VM took place. Simulated ADCP vertical velocity fields from the foray-type scenario resembled field observations, particularly with regard to the occurrence of positive anomalies in deeper waters and negative anomalies in shallower waters. The model illustrates that active vertical flux of zooplankton FP can occur at high latitudes even when no synchronised VM is taking place. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Phytoplankton Polar Biology Zooplankton Copepods University of St Andrews: Research Portal Arctic Polar Biology 36 4 579 592 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
University of St Andrews: Research Portal |
op_collection_id |
ftunstandrewcris |
language |
English |
topic |
Zooplankton Arctic Vertical migration Carbon flux Foray-type behaviour Satiation sinking Acoustic Doppler current profiler |
spellingShingle |
Zooplankton Arctic Vertical migration Carbon flux Foray-type behaviour Satiation sinking Acoustic Doppler current profiler Wallace, Margaret Isabel Cottier, F. R. Brierley, Andrew Stuart Tarling, G. A. Modelling the influence of copepod behaviour on faecal pellet export at high latitudes |
topic_facet |
Zooplankton Arctic Vertical migration Carbon flux Foray-type behaviour Satiation sinking Acoustic Doppler current profiler |
description |
The contribution of faecal pellet (FP) production by zooplankton to the downward flux of particulate organic carbon (POC) can vary from < 1 % to more than 90 % of total POC. This results from varying degrees of interception and consumption, and hence recycling, of FPs by zooplankton in the upper mixed layers, and the active transport of FP to depth via diel vertical migration (VM) of zooplankton. During mid-summer at high latitudes, synchronised diel VM ceases, but individual zooplankton may continue to make forays into and out of the surface layers. This study considers the relative importance of different VM behaviours on FP export at high latitudes. We focussed on copepods and parameterised an individual-based model using empirical measures of phytoplankton vertical distribution and the rate of FP production, as a function of food availability. FP production was estimated under three different behaviours common to high-latitude environments (1) no VM, (2) foray-type behaviour and (3) synchronised diel VM. Simulations were also made of how each of these behaviours would be observed by an acoustic Doppler current profiler (ADCP). The model found that the type of copepod behaviour made a substantial difference to the level of FP export to depth. In the absence of VM, all FPs were produced above 50 m, where the probability of eventual export to depth was low. In foray-type scenarios, FP production occurred between 0 and 80 m, although the majority occurred between 30 and 70 m depth. Greatest FP production in the deeper layers (> 70 m) occurred when diel VM took place. Simulated ADCP vertical velocity fields from the foray-type scenario resembled field observations, particularly with regard to the occurrence of positive anomalies in deeper waters and negative anomalies in shallower waters. The model illustrates that active vertical flux of zooplankton FP can occur at high latitudes even when no synchronised VM is taking place. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Wallace, Margaret Isabel Cottier, F. R. Brierley, Andrew Stuart Tarling, G. A. |
author_facet |
Wallace, Margaret Isabel Cottier, F. R. Brierley, Andrew Stuart Tarling, G. A. |
author_sort |
Wallace, Margaret Isabel |
title |
Modelling the influence of copepod behaviour on faecal pellet export at high latitudes |
title_short |
Modelling the influence of copepod behaviour on faecal pellet export at high latitudes |
title_full |
Modelling the influence of copepod behaviour on faecal pellet export at high latitudes |
title_fullStr |
Modelling the influence of copepod behaviour on faecal pellet export at high latitudes |
title_full_unstemmed |
Modelling the influence of copepod behaviour on faecal pellet export at high latitudes |
title_sort |
modelling the influence of copepod behaviour on faecal pellet export at high latitudes |
publishDate |
2013 |
url |
https://research-portal.st-andrews.ac.uk/en/researchoutput/modelling-the-influence-of-copepod-behaviour-on-faecal-pellet-export-at-high-latitudes(adb94af9-8801-47be-92d7-08656057893a).html https://doi.org/10.1007/s00300-013-1287-7 |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic Phytoplankton Polar Biology Zooplankton Copepods |
genre_facet |
Arctic Phytoplankton Polar Biology Zooplankton Copepods |
op_source |
Wallace , M I , Cottier , F R , Brierley , A S & Tarling , G A 2013 , ' Modelling the influence of copepod behaviour on faecal pellet export at high latitudes ' , Polar Biology , vol. 36 , no. 4 , pp. 579-592 . https://doi.org/10.1007/s00300-013-1287-7 |
op_relation |
https://research-portal.st-andrews.ac.uk/en/researchoutput/modelling-the-influence-of-copepod-behaviour-on-faecal-pellet-export-at-high-latitudes(adb94af9-8801-47be-92d7-08656057893a).html |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/restrictedAccess |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00300-013-1287-7 |
container_title |
Polar Biology |
container_volume |
36 |
container_issue |
4 |
container_start_page |
579 |
op_container_end_page |
592 |
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1802641823135432704 |