Melt-under-cutting and buoyancy-driven calving from tidewater glaciers:new insights from discrete element and continuum model simulations
The simple calving laws currently used in ice sheet models do not adequately reflect the complexity and diversity of calving processes. To be effective, calving laws must be grounded in a sound understanding of how calving actually works. Here, we develop a new strategy for formulating calving laws,...
Published in: | Journal of Glaciology |
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Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
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2017
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Online Access: | https://research-portal.st-andrews.ac.uk/en/researchoutput/meltundercutting-and-buoyancydriven-calving-from-tidewater-glaciers(75c69565-47e1-4d9f-96ed-6fdeeadb2b10).html https://doi.org/10.1017/jog.2017.41 https://research-repository.st-andrews.ac.uk/bitstream/10023/11286/1/Benn_2017_JG_Melt_under_cutting_CC.pdf |
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ftunstandrewcris:oai:research-portal.st-andrews.ac.uk:publications/75c69565-47e1-4d9f-96ed-6fdeeadb2b10 2024-06-23T07:53:48+00:00 Melt-under-cutting and buoyancy-driven calving from tidewater glaciers:new insights from discrete element and continuum model simulations Benn, Douglas I. Åström, Jan Zwinger, Thomas Todd, Joe Nick, Faezeh M. Cook, Susan Hulton, Nicholas R. J. Luckman, Adrian 2017-08 application/pdf https://research-portal.st-andrews.ac.uk/en/researchoutput/meltundercutting-and-buoyancydriven-calving-from-tidewater-glaciers(75c69565-47e1-4d9f-96ed-6fdeeadb2b10).html https://doi.org/10.1017/jog.2017.41 https://research-repository.st-andrews.ac.uk/bitstream/10023/11286/1/Benn_2017_JG_Melt_under_cutting_CC.pdf eng eng https://research-portal.st-andrews.ac.uk/en/researchoutput/meltundercutting-and-buoyancydriven-calving-from-tidewater-glaciers(75c69565-47e1-4d9f-96ed-6fdeeadb2b10).html info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess Benn , D I , Åström , J , Zwinger , T , Todd , J , Nick , F M , Cook , S , Hulton , N R J & Luckman , A 2017 , ' Melt-under-cutting and buoyancy-driven calving from tidewater glaciers : new insights from discrete element and continuum model simulations ' , Journal of Glaciology , vol. 63 , no. 240 , pp. 691-702 . https://doi.org/10.1017/jog.2017.41 Calving Glacier modelling Iceberg calving article 2017 ftunstandrewcris https://doi.org/10.1017/jog.2017.41 2024-06-13T00:56:16Z The simple calving laws currently used in ice sheet models do not adequately reflect the complexity and diversity of calving processes. To be effective, calving laws must be grounded in a sound understanding of how calving actually works. Here, we develop a new strategy for formulating calving laws, using a) the Helsinki Discrete Element Model (HiDEM) to explicitly model fracture and calving processes, and b) the continuum model Elmer/Ice to identify critical stress states associated with HiDEM calving events. A range of observed calving processes emerges spontaneously from HiDEM in response to variations in ice-front buoyancy and the size of subaqueous undercuts. Calving driven by buoyancy and melt undercutting is under-predicted by existing calving laws, but we show that the location and magnitude of HiDEM calving events can be predicted in Elmer/Ice from characteristic stress patterns. Our results open the way to developing calving laws that properly reflect the diversity of calving processes, and provide a framework for a unified theory of the calving process continuum. Article in Journal/Newspaper Ice Sheet Journal of Glaciology Tidewater University of St Andrews: Research Portal Journal of Glaciology 63 240 691 702 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
University of St Andrews: Research Portal |
op_collection_id |
ftunstandrewcris |
language |
English |
topic |
Calving Glacier modelling Iceberg calving |
spellingShingle |
Calving Glacier modelling Iceberg calving Benn, Douglas I. Åström, Jan Zwinger, Thomas Todd, Joe Nick, Faezeh M. Cook, Susan Hulton, Nicholas R. J. Luckman, Adrian Melt-under-cutting and buoyancy-driven calving from tidewater glaciers:new insights from discrete element and continuum model simulations |
topic_facet |
Calving Glacier modelling Iceberg calving |
description |
The simple calving laws currently used in ice sheet models do not adequately reflect the complexity and diversity of calving processes. To be effective, calving laws must be grounded in a sound understanding of how calving actually works. Here, we develop a new strategy for formulating calving laws, using a) the Helsinki Discrete Element Model (HiDEM) to explicitly model fracture and calving processes, and b) the continuum model Elmer/Ice to identify critical stress states associated with HiDEM calving events. A range of observed calving processes emerges spontaneously from HiDEM in response to variations in ice-front buoyancy and the size of subaqueous undercuts. Calving driven by buoyancy and melt undercutting is under-predicted by existing calving laws, but we show that the location and magnitude of HiDEM calving events can be predicted in Elmer/Ice from characteristic stress patterns. Our results open the way to developing calving laws that properly reflect the diversity of calving processes, and provide a framework for a unified theory of the calving process continuum. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Benn, Douglas I. Åström, Jan Zwinger, Thomas Todd, Joe Nick, Faezeh M. Cook, Susan Hulton, Nicholas R. J. Luckman, Adrian |
author_facet |
Benn, Douglas I. Åström, Jan Zwinger, Thomas Todd, Joe Nick, Faezeh M. Cook, Susan Hulton, Nicholas R. J. Luckman, Adrian |
author_sort |
Benn, Douglas I. |
title |
Melt-under-cutting and buoyancy-driven calving from tidewater glaciers:new insights from discrete element and continuum model simulations |
title_short |
Melt-under-cutting and buoyancy-driven calving from tidewater glaciers:new insights from discrete element and continuum model simulations |
title_full |
Melt-under-cutting and buoyancy-driven calving from tidewater glaciers:new insights from discrete element and continuum model simulations |
title_fullStr |
Melt-under-cutting and buoyancy-driven calving from tidewater glaciers:new insights from discrete element and continuum model simulations |
title_full_unstemmed |
Melt-under-cutting and buoyancy-driven calving from tidewater glaciers:new insights from discrete element and continuum model simulations |
title_sort |
melt-under-cutting and buoyancy-driven calving from tidewater glaciers:new insights from discrete element and continuum model simulations |
publishDate |
2017 |
url |
https://research-portal.st-andrews.ac.uk/en/researchoutput/meltundercutting-and-buoyancydriven-calving-from-tidewater-glaciers(75c69565-47e1-4d9f-96ed-6fdeeadb2b10).html https://doi.org/10.1017/jog.2017.41 https://research-repository.st-andrews.ac.uk/bitstream/10023/11286/1/Benn_2017_JG_Melt_under_cutting_CC.pdf |
genre |
Ice Sheet Journal of Glaciology Tidewater |
genre_facet |
Ice Sheet Journal of Glaciology Tidewater |
op_source |
Benn , D I , Åström , J , Zwinger , T , Todd , J , Nick , F M , Cook , S , Hulton , N R J & Luckman , A 2017 , ' Melt-under-cutting and buoyancy-driven calving from tidewater glaciers : new insights from discrete element and continuum model simulations ' , Journal of Glaciology , vol. 63 , no. 240 , pp. 691-702 . https://doi.org/10.1017/jog.2017.41 |
op_relation |
https://research-portal.st-andrews.ac.uk/en/researchoutput/meltundercutting-and-buoyancydriven-calving-from-tidewater-glaciers(75c69565-47e1-4d9f-96ed-6fdeeadb2b10).html |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1017/jog.2017.41 |
container_title |
Journal of Glaciology |
container_volume |
63 |
container_issue |
240 |
container_start_page |
691 |
op_container_end_page |
702 |
_version_ |
1802645633671102464 |