Predicting the effects of polychlorinated biphenyls on cetacean populations through impacts on immunity and calf survival
The potential impact of exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) on the health and survival of cetaceans continues to be an issue for conservation and management, yet few quantitative approaches for estimating population level effects have been developed. An individual based model (IBM) for asse...
Published in: | Environmental Pollution |
---|---|
Main Authors: | , , , , , |
Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
Published: |
2018
|
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://research-portal.st-andrews.ac.uk/en/researchoutput/predicting-the-effects-of-polychlorinated-biphenyls-on-cetacean-populations-through-impacts-on-immunity-and-calf-survival(6f73134a-fbfe-4a46-99ce-f68f101f4eb8).html https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2017.10.074 https://research-repository.st-andrews.ac.uk/bitstream/10023/16392/2/Hall_2017_Predicting_effects_EnvPollution_AAM.pdf https://research-repository.st-andrews.ac.uk/bitstream/10023/16392/1/Hall_2017_Predicting_effects_EnvPollution_SI.pdf |
id |
ftunstandrewcris:oai:research-portal.st-andrews.ac.uk:publications/6f73134a-fbfe-4a46-99ce-f68f101f4eb8 |
---|---|
record_format |
openpolar |
spelling |
ftunstandrewcris:oai:research-portal.st-andrews.ac.uk:publications/6f73134a-fbfe-4a46-99ce-f68f101f4eb8 2024-06-23T07:53:36+00:00 Predicting the effects of polychlorinated biphenyls on cetacean populations through impacts on immunity and calf survival Hall, Ailsa J. McConnell, Bernie J. Schwacke, Lori H. Ylitalo, Gina M. Williams, Rob Rowles, Teri K. 2018-02 application/pdf https://research-portal.st-andrews.ac.uk/en/researchoutput/predicting-the-effects-of-polychlorinated-biphenyls-on-cetacean-populations-through-impacts-on-immunity-and-calf-survival(6f73134a-fbfe-4a46-99ce-f68f101f4eb8).html https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2017.10.074 https://research-repository.st-andrews.ac.uk/bitstream/10023/16392/2/Hall_2017_Predicting_effects_EnvPollution_AAM.pdf https://research-repository.st-andrews.ac.uk/bitstream/10023/16392/1/Hall_2017_Predicting_effects_EnvPollution_SI.pdf eng eng https://research-portal.st-andrews.ac.uk/en/researchoutput/predicting-the-effects-of-polychlorinated-biphenyls-on-cetacean-populations-through-impacts-on-immunity-and-calf-survival(6f73134a-fbfe-4a46-99ce-f68f101f4eb8).html info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess Hall , A J , McConnell , B J , Schwacke , L H , Ylitalo , G M , Williams , R & Rowles , T K 2018 , ' Predicting the effects of polychlorinated biphenyls on cetacean populations through impacts on immunity and calf survival ' , Environmental Pollution , vol. 233 , pp. 407-418 . https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2017.10.074 Individual based model Risk assessment Marine mammal Contaminants article 2018 ftunstandrewcris https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2017.10.074 2024-06-13T00:57:52Z The potential impact of exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) on the health and survival of cetaceans continues to be an issue for conservation and management, yet few quantitative approaches for estimating population level effects have been developed. An individual based model (IBM) for assessing effects on both calf survival and immunity was developed and tested. Three case study species (bottlenose dolphin, humpback whale and killer whale) in four populations were taken as examples and the impact of varying levels of PCB uptake on achievable population growth was assessed. The unique aspect of the model is its ability to evaluate likely effects of immunosuppression in addition to calf survival, enabling consequences of PCB exposure on immune function on all age-classes to be explored. By incorporating quantitative tissue concentration-response functions from laboratory animal model species into an IBM framework, population trajectories were generated. Model outputs included estimated concentrations of PCBs in the blubber of females by age, which were then compared to published empirical data. Achievable population growth rates were more affected by the inclusion of effects of PCBs on immunity than on calf survival, but the magnitude depended on the virulence of any subsequent encounter with a pathogen and the proportion of the population exposed. Since the starting population parameters were from historic studies, which may already be impacted by PCBs, the results should be interpreted on a relative rather than an absolute basis. The framework will assist in providing quantitative risk assessments for populations of concern. Article in Journal/Newspaper Humpback Whale Killer Whale Killer whale University of St Andrews: Research Portal Environmental Pollution 233 407 418 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
University of St Andrews: Research Portal |
op_collection_id |
ftunstandrewcris |
language |
English |
topic |
Individual based model Risk assessment Marine mammal Contaminants |
spellingShingle |
Individual based model Risk assessment Marine mammal Contaminants Hall, Ailsa J. McConnell, Bernie J. Schwacke, Lori H. Ylitalo, Gina M. Williams, Rob Rowles, Teri K. Predicting the effects of polychlorinated biphenyls on cetacean populations through impacts on immunity and calf survival |
topic_facet |
Individual based model Risk assessment Marine mammal Contaminants |
description |
The potential impact of exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) on the health and survival of cetaceans continues to be an issue for conservation and management, yet few quantitative approaches for estimating population level effects have been developed. An individual based model (IBM) for assessing effects on both calf survival and immunity was developed and tested. Three case study species (bottlenose dolphin, humpback whale and killer whale) in four populations were taken as examples and the impact of varying levels of PCB uptake on achievable population growth was assessed. The unique aspect of the model is its ability to evaluate likely effects of immunosuppression in addition to calf survival, enabling consequences of PCB exposure on immune function on all age-classes to be explored. By incorporating quantitative tissue concentration-response functions from laboratory animal model species into an IBM framework, population trajectories were generated. Model outputs included estimated concentrations of PCBs in the blubber of females by age, which were then compared to published empirical data. Achievable population growth rates were more affected by the inclusion of effects of PCBs on immunity than on calf survival, but the magnitude depended on the virulence of any subsequent encounter with a pathogen and the proportion of the population exposed. Since the starting population parameters were from historic studies, which may already be impacted by PCBs, the results should be interpreted on a relative rather than an absolute basis. The framework will assist in providing quantitative risk assessments for populations of concern. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Hall, Ailsa J. McConnell, Bernie J. Schwacke, Lori H. Ylitalo, Gina M. Williams, Rob Rowles, Teri K. |
author_facet |
Hall, Ailsa J. McConnell, Bernie J. Schwacke, Lori H. Ylitalo, Gina M. Williams, Rob Rowles, Teri K. |
author_sort |
Hall, Ailsa J. |
title |
Predicting the effects of polychlorinated biphenyls on cetacean populations through impacts on immunity and calf survival |
title_short |
Predicting the effects of polychlorinated biphenyls on cetacean populations through impacts on immunity and calf survival |
title_full |
Predicting the effects of polychlorinated biphenyls on cetacean populations through impacts on immunity and calf survival |
title_fullStr |
Predicting the effects of polychlorinated biphenyls on cetacean populations through impacts on immunity and calf survival |
title_full_unstemmed |
Predicting the effects of polychlorinated biphenyls on cetacean populations through impacts on immunity and calf survival |
title_sort |
predicting the effects of polychlorinated biphenyls on cetacean populations through impacts on immunity and calf survival |
publishDate |
2018 |
url |
https://research-portal.st-andrews.ac.uk/en/researchoutput/predicting-the-effects-of-polychlorinated-biphenyls-on-cetacean-populations-through-impacts-on-immunity-and-calf-survival(6f73134a-fbfe-4a46-99ce-f68f101f4eb8).html https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2017.10.074 https://research-repository.st-andrews.ac.uk/bitstream/10023/16392/2/Hall_2017_Predicting_effects_EnvPollution_AAM.pdf https://research-repository.st-andrews.ac.uk/bitstream/10023/16392/1/Hall_2017_Predicting_effects_EnvPollution_SI.pdf |
genre |
Humpback Whale Killer Whale Killer whale |
genre_facet |
Humpback Whale Killer Whale Killer whale |
op_source |
Hall , A J , McConnell , B J , Schwacke , L H , Ylitalo , G M , Williams , R & Rowles , T K 2018 , ' Predicting the effects of polychlorinated biphenyls on cetacean populations through impacts on immunity and calf survival ' , Environmental Pollution , vol. 233 , pp. 407-418 . https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2017.10.074 |
op_relation |
https://research-portal.st-andrews.ac.uk/en/researchoutput/predicting-the-effects-of-polychlorinated-biphenyls-on-cetacean-populations-through-impacts-on-immunity-and-calf-survival(6f73134a-fbfe-4a46-99ce-f68f101f4eb8).html |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2017.10.074 |
container_title |
Environmental Pollution |
container_volume |
233 |
container_start_page |
407 |
op_container_end_page |
418 |
_version_ |
1802645335077552128 |