Estimating food consumption of marine predators Antarctic fur seals and macaroni penguins
1. Estimating food consumption is central to defining the ecological role of marine predators. This study developed an algorithm for synthesizing information about physiology, metabolism, growth, diet, life history and the activity budgets of marine predators to estimate population energy requiremen...
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ftunstandrewcris:oai:research-portal.st-andrews.ac.uk:publications/5edfbaa3-0972-4df9-82e2-716a35ffa4eb 2024-06-23T07:47:41+00:00 Estimating food consumption of marine predators Antarctic fur seals and macaroni penguins Boyd, Ian Lamont 2002-02 https://research-portal.st-andrews.ac.uk/en/researchoutput/estimating-food-consumption-of-marine-predators-antarctic-fur-seals-and-macaroni-penguins(5edfbaa3-0972-4df9-82e2-716a35ffa4eb).html http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=0036128038&partnerID=8YFLogxK eng eng https://research-portal.st-andrews.ac.uk/en/researchoutput/estimating-food-consumption-of-marine-predators-antarctic-fur-seals-and-macaroni-penguins(5edfbaa3-0972-4df9-82e2-716a35ffa4eb).html info:eu-repo/semantics/restrictedAccess Boyd , I L 2002 , ' Estimating food consumption of marine predators Antarctic fur seals and macaroni penguins ' , Journal of Applied Ecology , vol. 39 , pp. 103-119. bioenergetics carbon budgets marine mammal predation seabird ARCTOCEPHALUS-PUSILLUS-PUSILLUS EUPHAUSIA-SUPERBA DANA SOUTH-GEORGIA EUDYPTES-CHRYSOLOPHUS BIRD-ISLAND BIOCHEMICAL-COMPOSITION ENERGY-REQUIREMENTS FUTURE CONSUMPTION TOP PREDATORS CATCH RATES article 2002 ftunstandrewcris 2024-06-13T00:03:34Z 1. Estimating food consumption is central to defining the ecological role of marine predators. This study developed an algorithm for synthesizing information about physiology, metabolism, growth, diet, life history and the activity budgets of marine predators to estimate population energy requirements and food consumption. 2. Two species of marine predators (Antarctic fur seal Arctocephalus gazella and macaroni penguin Eudyptes chrsolophus) that feed on krill in the Southern Ocean were used as examples to test the algorithm. A sensitivity analysis showed that estimates of prey consumed were most sensitive to uncertainty in some demographic variables, particularly the annual survival rate and total offspring production. Uncertainty in the measurement of metabolic rate led to a positive bias in the mean amount of food consumed. Uncertainty in most other variables had little influence on the estimated food consumed. 3. Assuming a diet mainly of krill Euphausia superba, annual food consumption by Antarctic fur seals and macaroni penguins at the island of South Georgia was 3.84 [coefficient of variation (CV) = 0.11] and 8.08 (CV = 0.23) million tonnes, respectively. This was equivalent to a total annual carbon consumption of 0.35 (CV 0.11) and 0.72 (CV = 0.23) G tonnes year(1). Carbon expired as CO2 was 0.26 (CV 0.06) and 0.65 (CV = 0.19) G tonnes year(1) for fur seals and macaroni penguins, respectively. The per capita food consumption varied depending upon sex and age but, overall, this was 1.7 (CV = 0.22) tonnes year(1) for Antarctic fur seals and 0.45 (CV = 0.22) tonnes year for macaroni penguins. 4. The algorithm showed that the seasonal demand for food peaked in both species in the second half of the breeding season and, for macaroni penguins, there was a second peak immediately after moult. Minimum food demand occurred in both species during the first half of the breeding season. 5. As both Antarctic fur seals and macaroni penguins compete for krill with a commercial fishery, these results provide an insight ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctic Antarctic Fur Seal Antarctic Fur Seals Arctocephalus gazella Bird Island Eudyptes chrysolophus Euphausia superba Macaroni penguin Southern Ocean University of St Andrews: Research Portal Antarctic Bird Island ENVELOPE(-38.060,-38.060,-54.004,-54.004) Southern Ocean |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
University of St Andrews: Research Portal |
op_collection_id |
ftunstandrewcris |
language |
English |
topic |
bioenergetics carbon budgets marine mammal predation seabird ARCTOCEPHALUS-PUSILLUS-PUSILLUS EUPHAUSIA-SUPERBA DANA SOUTH-GEORGIA EUDYPTES-CHRYSOLOPHUS BIRD-ISLAND BIOCHEMICAL-COMPOSITION ENERGY-REQUIREMENTS FUTURE CONSUMPTION TOP PREDATORS CATCH RATES |
spellingShingle |
bioenergetics carbon budgets marine mammal predation seabird ARCTOCEPHALUS-PUSILLUS-PUSILLUS EUPHAUSIA-SUPERBA DANA SOUTH-GEORGIA EUDYPTES-CHRYSOLOPHUS BIRD-ISLAND BIOCHEMICAL-COMPOSITION ENERGY-REQUIREMENTS FUTURE CONSUMPTION TOP PREDATORS CATCH RATES Boyd, Ian Lamont Estimating food consumption of marine predators Antarctic fur seals and macaroni penguins |
topic_facet |
bioenergetics carbon budgets marine mammal predation seabird ARCTOCEPHALUS-PUSILLUS-PUSILLUS EUPHAUSIA-SUPERBA DANA SOUTH-GEORGIA EUDYPTES-CHRYSOLOPHUS BIRD-ISLAND BIOCHEMICAL-COMPOSITION ENERGY-REQUIREMENTS FUTURE CONSUMPTION TOP PREDATORS CATCH RATES |
description |
1. Estimating food consumption is central to defining the ecological role of marine predators. This study developed an algorithm for synthesizing information about physiology, metabolism, growth, diet, life history and the activity budgets of marine predators to estimate population energy requirements and food consumption. 2. Two species of marine predators (Antarctic fur seal Arctocephalus gazella and macaroni penguin Eudyptes chrsolophus) that feed on krill in the Southern Ocean were used as examples to test the algorithm. A sensitivity analysis showed that estimates of prey consumed were most sensitive to uncertainty in some demographic variables, particularly the annual survival rate and total offspring production. Uncertainty in the measurement of metabolic rate led to a positive bias in the mean amount of food consumed. Uncertainty in most other variables had little influence on the estimated food consumed. 3. Assuming a diet mainly of krill Euphausia superba, annual food consumption by Antarctic fur seals and macaroni penguins at the island of South Georgia was 3.84 [coefficient of variation (CV) = 0.11] and 8.08 (CV = 0.23) million tonnes, respectively. This was equivalent to a total annual carbon consumption of 0.35 (CV 0.11) and 0.72 (CV = 0.23) G tonnes year(1). Carbon expired as CO2 was 0.26 (CV 0.06) and 0.65 (CV = 0.19) G tonnes year(1) for fur seals and macaroni penguins, respectively. The per capita food consumption varied depending upon sex and age but, overall, this was 1.7 (CV = 0.22) tonnes year(1) for Antarctic fur seals and 0.45 (CV = 0.22) tonnes year for macaroni penguins. 4. The algorithm showed that the seasonal demand for food peaked in both species in the second half of the breeding season and, for macaroni penguins, there was a second peak immediately after moult. Minimum food demand occurred in both species during the first half of the breeding season. 5. As both Antarctic fur seals and macaroni penguins compete for krill with a commercial fishery, these results provide an insight ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Boyd, Ian Lamont |
author_facet |
Boyd, Ian Lamont |
author_sort |
Boyd, Ian Lamont |
title |
Estimating food consumption of marine predators Antarctic fur seals and macaroni penguins |
title_short |
Estimating food consumption of marine predators Antarctic fur seals and macaroni penguins |
title_full |
Estimating food consumption of marine predators Antarctic fur seals and macaroni penguins |
title_fullStr |
Estimating food consumption of marine predators Antarctic fur seals and macaroni penguins |
title_full_unstemmed |
Estimating food consumption of marine predators Antarctic fur seals and macaroni penguins |
title_sort |
estimating food consumption of marine predators antarctic fur seals and macaroni penguins |
publishDate |
2002 |
url |
https://research-portal.st-andrews.ac.uk/en/researchoutput/estimating-food-consumption-of-marine-predators-antarctic-fur-seals-and-macaroni-penguins(5edfbaa3-0972-4df9-82e2-716a35ffa4eb).html http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=0036128038&partnerID=8YFLogxK |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(-38.060,-38.060,-54.004,-54.004) |
geographic |
Antarctic Bird Island Southern Ocean |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic Bird Island Southern Ocean |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctic Fur Seal Antarctic Fur Seals Arctocephalus gazella Bird Island Eudyptes chrysolophus Euphausia superba Macaroni penguin Southern Ocean |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctic Fur Seal Antarctic Fur Seals Arctocephalus gazella Bird Island Eudyptes chrysolophus Euphausia superba Macaroni penguin Southern Ocean |
op_source |
Boyd , I L 2002 , ' Estimating food consumption of marine predators Antarctic fur seals and macaroni penguins ' , Journal of Applied Ecology , vol. 39 , pp. 103-119. |
op_relation |
https://research-portal.st-andrews.ac.uk/en/researchoutput/estimating-food-consumption-of-marine-predators-antarctic-fur-seals-and-macaroni-penguins(5edfbaa3-0972-4df9-82e2-716a35ffa4eb).html |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/restrictedAccess |
_version_ |
1802651831187275776 |