The Quaternary in Scotland
The Quaternary Period in Scotland was characterized by major climatic shifts and the alternation of glacial and temperate conditions over a wide range of timescales. The extent of multiple glaciations prior to the Mid-Pleistocene Transition (1.25–0.70 Ma) is uncertain, but thereafter up to ten major...
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Springer Science and Business Media B.V.
2021
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Online Access: | https://research-portal.st-andrews.ac.uk/en/researchoutput/the-quaternary-in-scotland(458749b9-8d79-40d9-acff-5ea79b5bfade).html https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-71246-4_4 https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-71246-4 https://discover.libraryhub.jisc.ac.uk/search?isn=9783030712457&rn=1 |
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ftunstandrewcris:oai:research-portal.st-andrews.ac.uk:publications/458749b9-8d79-40d9-acff-5ea79b5bfade 2024-06-23T07:52:45+00:00 The Quaternary in Scotland Ballantyne, Colin K. Hall, Adrian M. Dawson, Alastair G. Ballantyne, Colin K. Gordon, John E. 2021-08-25 https://research-portal.st-andrews.ac.uk/en/researchoutput/the-quaternary-in-scotland(458749b9-8d79-40d9-acff-5ea79b5bfade).html https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-71246-4_4 https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-71246-4 https://discover.libraryhub.jisc.ac.uk/search?isn=9783030712457&rn=1 eng eng Springer Science and Business Media B.V. https://research-portal.st-andrews.ac.uk/en/researchoutput/the-quaternary-in-scotland(458749b9-8d79-40d9-acff-5ea79b5bfade).html urn:ISBN:9783030712457 urn:ISBN:9783030712488 info:eu-repo/semantics/restrictedAccess Ballantyne , C K , Hall , A M & Dawson , A G 2021 , The Quaternary in Scotland . in C K Ballantyne & J E Gordon (eds) , Landscapes and landforms of Scotland . World geomorphological landscapes , Springer Science and Business Media B.V. , Cham , pp. 53-96 . https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-71246-4_4 Beach and dune systems Fluvial landforms Glacial erosion Glacial landsystems Glaciation Holocene Ice streams Late Devensian Loch Lomond Stade Paraglacial landscape modification Periglaciation Permafrost Pleistocene Raised beaches Rock platforms Rock-slope failure Sea-level change bookPart 2021 ftunstandrewcris https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-71246-4_410.1007/978-3-030-71246-4 2024-06-13T01:20:25Z The Quaternary Period in Scotland was characterized by major climatic shifts and the alternation of glacial and temperate conditions over a wide range of timescales. The extent of multiple glaciations prior to the Mid-Pleistocene Transition (1.25–0.70 Ma) is uncertain, but thereafter up to ten major episodes of ice-sheet expansion occurred. Glacial erosion by successive glaciers and ice sheets created a range of terrain types: glaciated mountains, zones of areal scouring, landscapes of selective linear erosion, drift-mantled terrain of differential erosion and areas of limited glacial modification. The last ice sheet (~35–14 ka) extended to the shelf edge in the west and was confluent with the Fennoscandian Ice Sheet in the North Sea Basin; during its existence, it experienced marked changes in configuration, in part driven by the development of major ice streams. Subsequent glaciation during the Loch Lomond Stade (~12.9–11.7 ka) was restricted to a major icefield in the western Highlands and smaller glaciers in peripheral mountain areas. Contrasting glacial landsystems occupy terrain inside and outside the limits of the Loch Lomond Stadial glaciers. Postglacial landscape changes have been characterized by Lateglacial periglaciation and paraglacial landscape modification, mainly in the form of rock-slope failure and the accumulation (then later erosion) of paraglacial sediment stores and incision and terracing of glacigenic valley fills. Shore platforms of various ages formed around rock coastlines during the Quaternary, glacio-isostatic uplift has resulted in the formation of Lateglacial and Holocene raised beaches, and reworking of glacigenic deposits has provided sediments for present-day beach and dune systems. Book Part Fennoscandian Ice Ice Sheet permafrost University of St Andrews: Research Portal Loch Lomond ENVELOPE(-125.746,-125.746,54.239,54.239) |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
University of St Andrews: Research Portal |
op_collection_id |
ftunstandrewcris |
language |
English |
topic |
Beach and dune systems Fluvial landforms Glacial erosion Glacial landsystems Glaciation Holocene Ice streams Late Devensian Loch Lomond Stade Paraglacial landscape modification Periglaciation Permafrost Pleistocene Raised beaches Rock platforms Rock-slope failure Sea-level change |
spellingShingle |
Beach and dune systems Fluvial landforms Glacial erosion Glacial landsystems Glaciation Holocene Ice streams Late Devensian Loch Lomond Stade Paraglacial landscape modification Periglaciation Permafrost Pleistocene Raised beaches Rock platforms Rock-slope failure Sea-level change Ballantyne, Colin K. Hall, Adrian M. Dawson, Alastair G. The Quaternary in Scotland |
topic_facet |
Beach and dune systems Fluvial landforms Glacial erosion Glacial landsystems Glaciation Holocene Ice streams Late Devensian Loch Lomond Stade Paraglacial landscape modification Periglaciation Permafrost Pleistocene Raised beaches Rock platforms Rock-slope failure Sea-level change |
description |
The Quaternary Period in Scotland was characterized by major climatic shifts and the alternation of glacial and temperate conditions over a wide range of timescales. The extent of multiple glaciations prior to the Mid-Pleistocene Transition (1.25–0.70 Ma) is uncertain, but thereafter up to ten major episodes of ice-sheet expansion occurred. Glacial erosion by successive glaciers and ice sheets created a range of terrain types: glaciated mountains, zones of areal scouring, landscapes of selective linear erosion, drift-mantled terrain of differential erosion and areas of limited glacial modification. The last ice sheet (~35–14 ka) extended to the shelf edge in the west and was confluent with the Fennoscandian Ice Sheet in the North Sea Basin; during its existence, it experienced marked changes in configuration, in part driven by the development of major ice streams. Subsequent glaciation during the Loch Lomond Stade (~12.9–11.7 ka) was restricted to a major icefield in the western Highlands and smaller glaciers in peripheral mountain areas. Contrasting glacial landsystems occupy terrain inside and outside the limits of the Loch Lomond Stadial glaciers. Postglacial landscape changes have been characterized by Lateglacial periglaciation and paraglacial landscape modification, mainly in the form of rock-slope failure and the accumulation (then later erosion) of paraglacial sediment stores and incision and terracing of glacigenic valley fills. Shore platforms of various ages formed around rock coastlines during the Quaternary, glacio-isostatic uplift has resulted in the formation of Lateglacial and Holocene raised beaches, and reworking of glacigenic deposits has provided sediments for present-day beach and dune systems. |
author2 |
Ballantyne, Colin K. Gordon, John E. |
format |
Book Part |
author |
Ballantyne, Colin K. Hall, Adrian M. Dawson, Alastair G. |
author_facet |
Ballantyne, Colin K. Hall, Adrian M. Dawson, Alastair G. |
author_sort |
Ballantyne, Colin K. |
title |
The Quaternary in Scotland |
title_short |
The Quaternary in Scotland |
title_full |
The Quaternary in Scotland |
title_fullStr |
The Quaternary in Scotland |
title_full_unstemmed |
The Quaternary in Scotland |
title_sort |
quaternary in scotland |
publisher |
Springer Science and Business Media B.V. |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
https://research-portal.st-andrews.ac.uk/en/researchoutput/the-quaternary-in-scotland(458749b9-8d79-40d9-acff-5ea79b5bfade).html https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-71246-4_4 https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-71246-4 https://discover.libraryhub.jisc.ac.uk/search?isn=9783030712457&rn=1 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(-125.746,-125.746,54.239,54.239) |
geographic |
Loch Lomond |
geographic_facet |
Loch Lomond |
genre |
Fennoscandian Ice Ice Sheet permafrost |
genre_facet |
Fennoscandian Ice Ice Sheet permafrost |
op_source |
Ballantyne , C K , Hall , A M & Dawson , A G 2021 , The Quaternary in Scotland . in C K Ballantyne & J E Gordon (eds) , Landscapes and landforms of Scotland . World geomorphological landscapes , Springer Science and Business Media B.V. , Cham , pp. 53-96 . https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-71246-4_4 |
op_relation |
https://research-portal.st-andrews.ac.uk/en/researchoutput/the-quaternary-in-scotland(458749b9-8d79-40d9-acff-5ea79b5bfade).html urn:ISBN:9783030712457 urn:ISBN:9783030712488 |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/restrictedAccess |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-71246-4_410.1007/978-3-030-71246-4 |
_version_ |
1802644124540600320 |