A large explosive silicic eruption in the British Palaeogene Igneous Province

• Published in: Scientific Reports
• Main Authors: Troll, Valentin R, Emeleus, C Henry, Nicoll, Graeme R, Mattsson, Tobias, Ellam, Robert M, Donaldson, Colin H, Harris, Chris
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: English
• Published: 2019
• Subjects: North Atlantic
• Online Access: https://research-portal.st-andrews.ac.uk/en/researchoutput/a-large-explosive-silicic-eruption-in-the-british-palaeogene-igneous-province(0fb06f22-3c8f-4fea-8e0a-aa773bf674b3).html; https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-35855-w; https://research-repository.st-andrews.ac.uk/bitstream/10023/16963/1/Troll_2019_SR_Siliciceruption_CC.pdf

Large-volume pyroclastic eruptions are not known from the basalt-dominated British Palaeogene Igneous Province (BPIP), although silicic magmatism is documented from intra-caldera successions in central volcanoes and from small-volume ash-layers in the associated lava fields. Exceptions are the Sgùrr of Eigg (58.7 Ma) and Òigh-sgeir pitchstones in the Inner Hebrides (>30 km apart), which have been conjectured to represent remnants of a single large silicic event. Currently available major element data from these outcrops differ, however, creating a need to test if the two pitchstones are really related. We employ a systematic array of methods ranging from mineralogy to isotope geochemistry and find that samples from the two outcrops display identical mineral textures and compositions, major- and trace elements, and Sr-Nd-Pb-O isotope ratios, supporting that the two outcrops represent a single, formerly extensive, pyroclastic deposit. Available isotope constraints suggest a vent in the Hebridean Terrane and available radiometric ages point to Skye, ~40 km to the North. A reconstructed eruption volume of ≥5km3 DRE is derived, suggesting a VEI 5 event or larger. We therefore argue, contrary to long-held perception, that large-volume silicic volcanism and its associated climatic effects were likely integral to the BPIP during the opening of the North Atlantic.