Numerical and experimental investigation of tsunamis generated by iceberg calving

With climate change as an increasingly important issue, the Greenland and Antarctic ice sheets have suffered rapid ice mass losses contributing to sea level rise. Iceberg calving is one of the main factors for ice mass loss and may also generate large tsunamis when icebergs calve into a water body,...

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Main Author: Chen, Fan
Format: Thesis
Language:English
Published: 2021
Subjects:
Online Access:http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/64363/
https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/64363/1/thesis_FC.pdf
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spelling ftunottingham:oai:eprints.nottingham.ac.uk:64363 2023-09-05T13:13:34+02:00 Numerical and experimental investigation of tsunamis generated by iceberg calving Chen, Fan 2021-03-15 application/pdf http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/64363/ https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/64363/1/thesis_FC.pdf en eng https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/64363/1/thesis_FC.pdf Chen, Fan (2021) Numerical and experimental investigation of tsunamis generated by iceberg calving. PhD thesis, University of Nottingham. Thesis (University of Nottingham only) NonPeerReviewed 2021 ftunottingham 2023-08-14T17:47:22Z With climate change as an increasingly important issue, the Greenland and Antarctic ice sheets have suffered rapid ice mass losses contributing to sea level rise. Iceberg calving is one of the main factors for ice mass loss and may also generate large tsunamis when icebergs calve into a water body, threatening the fishing and shipping industries and coastal communities. One of the most impressive tsunamis generated by iceberg calving with an amplitude of 45 to 50 m was observed at the Eqip Sermia glacier in Greenland in 2014. Herein, such tsunamis are called iceberg-tsunamis (IBTs). This study aims to investigate the generation and propagation of large IBTs. A novel numerical model is developed based on the Immersed Boundary Method (IBM) provided in a toolbox in the open source code Foam-extend 4.0. A new multiphase flow solver is implemented to solve the Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes equations with the support of handling moving immersed boundaries, and it is then coupled with a motion solver to simulate Fluid-Structure Interaction (FSI) to determine the iceberg motion. Further, unique large-scale laboratory experiments were conducted in a 50 m $times$ 50 m large basin. Two rigid blocks with densities of $approx$920 kg/m$^3$ weighting up to 187 kg were used to mimic icebergs and to model the five idealised calving mechanisms: (A) capsizing, (B) gravity-dominated fall, (C) buoyancy-dominated fall, (D) gravity-dominated overturning and (E) buoyancy-dominated overturning. The analytical solution of a floating heaving sphere case is used to validate the newly implemented flow solver and the numerical radiated wave amplitudes show a maximum deviation of only 10.3% from the corresponding analytical solution. Further, the numerical model is used to simulate the two laboratory experiments from mechanisms B and D generating the largest and most dangerous IBTs. A laminar flow model is selected as the consideration of turbulence does not improve the accuracy. For IBT generation, the maximum vertical displacement in the ... Thesis Antarc* Antarctic glacier Greenland Iceberg* The University of Nottingham: Nottingham ePrints Antarctic Eqip Sermia ENVELOPE(-50.067,-50.067,69.817,69.817) Greenland
institution Open Polar
collection The University of Nottingham: Nottingham ePrints
op_collection_id ftunottingham
language English
description With climate change as an increasingly important issue, the Greenland and Antarctic ice sheets have suffered rapid ice mass losses contributing to sea level rise. Iceberg calving is one of the main factors for ice mass loss and may also generate large tsunamis when icebergs calve into a water body, threatening the fishing and shipping industries and coastal communities. One of the most impressive tsunamis generated by iceberg calving with an amplitude of 45 to 50 m was observed at the Eqip Sermia glacier in Greenland in 2014. Herein, such tsunamis are called iceberg-tsunamis (IBTs). This study aims to investigate the generation and propagation of large IBTs. A novel numerical model is developed based on the Immersed Boundary Method (IBM) provided in a toolbox in the open source code Foam-extend 4.0. A new multiphase flow solver is implemented to solve the Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes equations with the support of handling moving immersed boundaries, and it is then coupled with a motion solver to simulate Fluid-Structure Interaction (FSI) to determine the iceberg motion. Further, unique large-scale laboratory experiments were conducted in a 50 m $times$ 50 m large basin. Two rigid blocks with densities of $approx$920 kg/m$^3$ weighting up to 187 kg were used to mimic icebergs and to model the five idealised calving mechanisms: (A) capsizing, (B) gravity-dominated fall, (C) buoyancy-dominated fall, (D) gravity-dominated overturning and (E) buoyancy-dominated overturning. The analytical solution of a floating heaving sphere case is used to validate the newly implemented flow solver and the numerical radiated wave amplitudes show a maximum deviation of only 10.3% from the corresponding analytical solution. Further, the numerical model is used to simulate the two laboratory experiments from mechanisms B and D generating the largest and most dangerous IBTs. A laminar flow model is selected as the consideration of turbulence does not improve the accuracy. For IBT generation, the maximum vertical displacement in the ...
format Thesis
author Chen, Fan
spellingShingle Chen, Fan
Numerical and experimental investigation of tsunamis generated by iceberg calving
author_facet Chen, Fan
author_sort Chen, Fan
title Numerical and experimental investigation of tsunamis generated by iceberg calving
title_short Numerical and experimental investigation of tsunamis generated by iceberg calving
title_full Numerical and experimental investigation of tsunamis generated by iceberg calving
title_fullStr Numerical and experimental investigation of tsunamis generated by iceberg calving
title_full_unstemmed Numerical and experimental investigation of tsunamis generated by iceberg calving
title_sort numerical and experimental investigation of tsunamis generated by iceberg calving
publishDate 2021
url http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/64363/
https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/64363/1/thesis_FC.pdf
long_lat ENVELOPE(-50.067,-50.067,69.817,69.817)
geographic Antarctic
Eqip Sermia
Greenland
geographic_facet Antarctic
Eqip Sermia
Greenland
genre Antarc*
Antarctic
glacier
Greenland
Iceberg*
genre_facet Antarc*
Antarctic
glacier
Greenland
Iceberg*
op_relation https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/64363/1/thesis_FC.pdf
Chen, Fan (2021) Numerical and experimental investigation of tsunamis generated by iceberg calving. PhD thesis, University of Nottingham.
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