Derivation and analysis of a high-resolution estimate of global permafrost zonation
Permafrost underlies much of Earth's surface and interacts with climate, eco-systems and human systems. It is a complex phenomenon controlled by climate and (sub-) surface properties and reacts to change with variable delay. Heterogeneity and sparse data challenge the modeling of its spatial di...
Published in: | Proceedings of 37th International Cosmic Ray Conference — PoS(ICRC2021) |
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ftunivzuerich:oai:www.zora.uzh.ch:68821 2024-06-23T07:47:28+00:00 Derivation and analysis of a high-resolution estimate of global permafrost zonation Gruber, Stephan 2012 application/pdf https://www.zora.uzh.ch/id/eprint/68821/ https://www.zora.uzh.ch/id/eprint/68821/1/2012_GruberS_tc-6-221-2012_Kopie_.pdf https://doi.org/10.5167/uzh-68821 https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-6-221-2012 eng eng Copernicus Publications https://www.zora.uzh.ch/id/eprint/68821/1/2012_GruberS_tc-6-221-2012_Kopie_.pdf doi:10.5167/uzh-68821 doi:10.5194/tc-6-221-2012 urn:issn:1994-0416 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess Gruber, Stephan (2012). Derivation and analysis of a high-resolution estimate of global permafrost zonation. The Cryosphere, 6(1):221-233. Institute of Geography 910 Geography & travel Earth-Surface Processes Water Science and Technology Journal Article PeerReviewed info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion 2012 ftunivzuerich https://doi.org/10.5167/uzh-6882110.5194/tc-6-221-2012 2024-06-12T00:25:01Z Permafrost underlies much of Earth's surface and interacts with climate, eco-systems and human systems. It is a complex phenomenon controlled by climate and (sub-) surface properties and reacts to change with variable delay. Heterogeneity and sparse data challenge the modeling of its spatial distribution. Currently, there is no data set to adequately inform global studies of permafrost. The available data set for the Northern Hemisphere is frequently used for model evaluation, but its quality and consistency are difficult to assess. Here, a global model of permafrost extent and dataset of permafrost zonation are presented and discussed, extending earlier studies by including the Southern Hemisphere, by consistent data and methods, by attention to uncertainty and scaling. Established relationships between air temperature and the occurrence of permafrost are re-formulated into a model that is parametrized using published estimates. It is run with a high-resolution (<1 km) global elevation data and air temperatures based on the NCAR-NCEP reanalysis and CRU TS 2.0. The resulting data provide more spatial detail and a consistent extrapolation to remote regions, while aggregated values resemble previous studies. The estimated uncertainties affect regional patterns and aggregate number, and provide interesting insight. The permafrost area, i.e. the actual surface area underlain by permafrost, north of 60° S is estimated to be 13–18 × 106 km2 or 9–14 % of the exposed land surface. The global permafrost area including Antarctic and sub-sea permafrost is estimated to be 16–21 × 106 km2. The global permafrost region, i.e. the exposed land surface below which some permafrost can be expected, is estimated to be 22 ± 3 × 106 km2. A large proportion of this exhibits considerable topography and spatially-discontinuous permafrost, underscoring the importance of attention to scaling issues and heterogeneity in large-area models. Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctic permafrost The Cryosphere University of Zurich (UZH): ZORA (Zurich Open Repository and Archive Antarctic Proceedings of 37th International Cosmic Ray Conference — PoS(ICRC2021) 1047 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
University of Zurich (UZH): ZORA (Zurich Open Repository and Archive |
op_collection_id |
ftunivzuerich |
language |
English |
topic |
Institute of Geography 910 Geography & travel Earth-Surface Processes Water Science and Technology |
spellingShingle |
Institute of Geography 910 Geography & travel Earth-Surface Processes Water Science and Technology Gruber, Stephan Derivation and analysis of a high-resolution estimate of global permafrost zonation |
topic_facet |
Institute of Geography 910 Geography & travel Earth-Surface Processes Water Science and Technology |
description |
Permafrost underlies much of Earth's surface and interacts with climate, eco-systems and human systems. It is a complex phenomenon controlled by climate and (sub-) surface properties and reacts to change with variable delay. Heterogeneity and sparse data challenge the modeling of its spatial distribution. Currently, there is no data set to adequately inform global studies of permafrost. The available data set for the Northern Hemisphere is frequently used for model evaluation, but its quality and consistency are difficult to assess. Here, a global model of permafrost extent and dataset of permafrost zonation are presented and discussed, extending earlier studies by including the Southern Hemisphere, by consistent data and methods, by attention to uncertainty and scaling. Established relationships between air temperature and the occurrence of permafrost are re-formulated into a model that is parametrized using published estimates. It is run with a high-resolution (<1 km) global elevation data and air temperatures based on the NCAR-NCEP reanalysis and CRU TS 2.0. The resulting data provide more spatial detail and a consistent extrapolation to remote regions, while aggregated values resemble previous studies. The estimated uncertainties affect regional patterns and aggregate number, and provide interesting insight. The permafrost area, i.e. the actual surface area underlain by permafrost, north of 60° S is estimated to be 13–18 × 106 km2 or 9–14 % of the exposed land surface. The global permafrost area including Antarctic and sub-sea permafrost is estimated to be 16–21 × 106 km2. The global permafrost region, i.e. the exposed land surface below which some permafrost can be expected, is estimated to be 22 ± 3 × 106 km2. A large proportion of this exhibits considerable topography and spatially-discontinuous permafrost, underscoring the importance of attention to scaling issues and heterogeneity in large-area models. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Gruber, Stephan |
author_facet |
Gruber, Stephan |
author_sort |
Gruber, Stephan |
title |
Derivation and analysis of a high-resolution estimate of global permafrost zonation |
title_short |
Derivation and analysis of a high-resolution estimate of global permafrost zonation |
title_full |
Derivation and analysis of a high-resolution estimate of global permafrost zonation |
title_fullStr |
Derivation and analysis of a high-resolution estimate of global permafrost zonation |
title_full_unstemmed |
Derivation and analysis of a high-resolution estimate of global permafrost zonation |
title_sort |
derivation and analysis of a high-resolution estimate of global permafrost zonation |
publisher |
Copernicus Publications |
publishDate |
2012 |
url |
https://www.zora.uzh.ch/id/eprint/68821/ https://www.zora.uzh.ch/id/eprint/68821/1/2012_GruberS_tc-6-221-2012_Kopie_.pdf https://doi.org/10.5167/uzh-68821 https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-6-221-2012 |
geographic |
Antarctic |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic permafrost The Cryosphere |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic permafrost The Cryosphere |
op_source |
Gruber, Stephan (2012). Derivation and analysis of a high-resolution estimate of global permafrost zonation. The Cryosphere, 6(1):221-233. |
op_relation |
https://www.zora.uzh.ch/id/eprint/68821/1/2012_GruberS_tc-6-221-2012_Kopie_.pdf doi:10.5167/uzh-68821 doi:10.5194/tc-6-221-2012 urn:issn:1994-0416 |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.5167/uzh-6882110.5194/tc-6-221-2012 |
container_title |
Proceedings of 37th International Cosmic Ray Conference — PoS(ICRC2021) |
container_start_page |
1047 |
_version_ |
1802651573881405440 |