The interdependency of perceived task difficulty and the choice effect when learning with multimedia materials.

• Main Authors: Schneider, Sascha, Nebel, Steve, Meyer, Selina, Rey, Günter Daniel
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: English
• Published: American Psychological Association 2022
• Subjects: Institute of Education; Digital Society Initiative; 370 Education; Developmental and Educational Psychology; Education; Antarc*; Antarctica
• Online Access: https://www.zora.uzh.ch/id/eprint/225668/; https://www.zora.uzh.ch/id/eprint/225668/1/EDU_2020_0382_R2.pdf; https://doi.org/10.5167/uzh-225668; https://doi.org/10.1037/edu0000686

According to self-determination theory, both provision of choice and reduced task difficulty facilitate learners’ motivation via an increase in 2 basic psychological needs. This study examines the moderating role of the autonomy-changing effect of choice on the competence-altering effect of differences in perceived task difficulty in a multimedia learning setting. To measure this, 2 experiments (N₁ = 108; N₂ = 86) with secondary school (Experiment 1) and university (Experiment 1) students were conducted using a 2 (with a choice vs. without a choice of an additional topic before learning) × 2 (induced low vs. high perceived task difficulty) between-subjects design. While learners read texts about geographical data about Antarctica, 1 group was able to choose a subject matter of a second learning material’s content. Learning performance, judgments of learning, and cognitive and motivational processes after the first learning material were measured in both experiments, while Experiment 1 additionally measured perceived autonomy and perceived competence. Results showed that induced differences in perceived task difficulty did not yield learning differences. However, the autonomy-enhancing effect of choice moderated differences in perceived task difficulty. Overall, this experiment provides evidence for an interaction between possibilities of autonomy and competence support defined in the self-determination theory. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved)