Global quantitative synthesis of ecosystem functioning across climatic zones and ecosystem types
Aim Providing a quantitative overview of ecosystem functioning in a three‐dimensional space defined by ecosystem stocks, fluxes and rates, across major ecosystem types and climatic zones. Location Global. Time period 1966–2019. Major taxa studied Ecosystem‐level measurements (all organism types). Me...
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2020
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ftunivzuerich:oai:www.zora.uzh.ch:200892 2024-06-23T07:50:52+00:00 Global quantitative synthesis of ecosystem functioning across climatic zones and ecosystem types Gounand, Isabelle Little, Chelsea J Harvey, Eric Altermatt, Florian Hickler, Thomas Hickler, T ( Thomas ) 2020-07-01 application/pdf https://www.zora.uzh.ch/id/eprint/200892/ https://www.zora.uzh.ch/id/eprint/200892/1/Gounand.et_.al_GEB_2020.pdf https://www.zora.uzh.ch/id/eprint/200892/8/Gounand-et-al_2020_GEB_accepted.pdf https://doi.org/10.5167/uzh-200892 https://doi.org/10.1111/geb.13093 eng eng Wiley-Blackwell Publishing, Inc. https://www.zora.uzh.ch/id/eprint/200892/1/Gounand.et_.al_GEB_2020.pdf https://www.zora.uzh.ch/id/eprint/200892/8/Gounand-et-al_2020_GEB_accepted.pdf doi:10.5167/uzh-200892 doi:10.1111/geb.13093 urn:issn:1466-822X info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess Gounand, Isabelle; Little, Chelsea J; Harvey, Eric; Altermatt, Florian (2020). Global quantitative synthesis of ecosystem functioning across climatic zones and ecosystem types. Global Ecology and Biogeography, 29(7):1139-1176. Institute of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies 570 Life sciences biology 590 Animals (Zoology) carbon cycle climate decomposition ecosystem functioning global change meta-ecosystem metabolic theory of ecology multifunctionality primary production productivity Journal Article PeerReviewed info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion 2020 ftunivzuerich https://doi.org/10.5167/uzh-20089210.1111/geb.13093 2024-05-29T01:09:53Z Aim Providing a quantitative overview of ecosystem functioning in a three‐dimensional space defined by ecosystem stocks, fluxes and rates, across major ecosystem types and climatic zones. Location Global. Time period 1966–2019. Major taxa studied Ecosystem‐level measurements (all organism types). Methods We conducted a global quantitative synthesis of a wide range of ecosystem variables related to carbon stocks and fluxes. We gathered a total of 4,479 values from 1,223 individual sites (unique geographical coordinates) reported in the literature (604 studies), covering ecosystem variables including biomass and detritus stocks, gross primary production, ecosystem respiration, detritus decomposition and carbon uptake rates, across eight major aquatic and terrestrial ecosystem types and five broad climatic zones (arctic, boreal, temperate, arid and tropical). We analysed the relationships among variables emerging from the comparisons of stocks, fluxes and rates across ecosystem types and climates. Results Within our three‐dimensional functioning space, average ecosystems align along a gradient from fast rates–low fluxes and stocks (freshwater and pelagic marine ecosystems) to low rates–high fluxes and stocks (forests), a gradient that we hypothesize results mainly from variation in primary producer characteristics. Moreover, fluxes and rates decrease from warm to colder climates, consistent with the metabolic theory of ecology. However, the strength of climatic effects differs among variables and ecosystem types, resulting, for instance, in opposing effects on net ecosystem production between terrestrial and freshwater ecosystems (positive versus negative effects). Main conclusions This large‐scale synthesis provides a first quantified cross‐ecosystem and cross‐climate comparison of multivariate ecosystem functioning. This gives a basis for a mechanistic understanding of the interdependency of different aspects of ecosystem functioning and their sensitivity to global change. To anticipate responses to change at the ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic University of Zurich (UZH): ZORA (Zurich Open Repository and Archive Arctic |
institution |
Open Polar |
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University of Zurich (UZH): ZORA (Zurich Open Repository and Archive |
op_collection_id |
ftunivzuerich |
language |
English |
topic |
Institute of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies 570 Life sciences biology 590 Animals (Zoology) carbon cycle climate decomposition ecosystem functioning global change meta-ecosystem metabolic theory of ecology multifunctionality primary production productivity |
spellingShingle |
Institute of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies 570 Life sciences biology 590 Animals (Zoology) carbon cycle climate decomposition ecosystem functioning global change meta-ecosystem metabolic theory of ecology multifunctionality primary production productivity Gounand, Isabelle Little, Chelsea J Harvey, Eric Altermatt, Florian Global quantitative synthesis of ecosystem functioning across climatic zones and ecosystem types |
topic_facet |
Institute of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies 570 Life sciences biology 590 Animals (Zoology) carbon cycle climate decomposition ecosystem functioning global change meta-ecosystem metabolic theory of ecology multifunctionality primary production productivity |
description |
Aim Providing a quantitative overview of ecosystem functioning in a three‐dimensional space defined by ecosystem stocks, fluxes and rates, across major ecosystem types and climatic zones. Location Global. Time period 1966–2019. Major taxa studied Ecosystem‐level measurements (all organism types). Methods We conducted a global quantitative synthesis of a wide range of ecosystem variables related to carbon stocks and fluxes. We gathered a total of 4,479 values from 1,223 individual sites (unique geographical coordinates) reported in the literature (604 studies), covering ecosystem variables including biomass and detritus stocks, gross primary production, ecosystem respiration, detritus decomposition and carbon uptake rates, across eight major aquatic and terrestrial ecosystem types and five broad climatic zones (arctic, boreal, temperate, arid and tropical). We analysed the relationships among variables emerging from the comparisons of stocks, fluxes and rates across ecosystem types and climates. Results Within our three‐dimensional functioning space, average ecosystems align along a gradient from fast rates–low fluxes and stocks (freshwater and pelagic marine ecosystems) to low rates–high fluxes and stocks (forests), a gradient that we hypothesize results mainly from variation in primary producer characteristics. Moreover, fluxes and rates decrease from warm to colder climates, consistent with the metabolic theory of ecology. However, the strength of climatic effects differs among variables and ecosystem types, resulting, for instance, in opposing effects on net ecosystem production between terrestrial and freshwater ecosystems (positive versus negative effects). Main conclusions This large‐scale synthesis provides a first quantified cross‐ecosystem and cross‐climate comparison of multivariate ecosystem functioning. This gives a basis for a mechanistic understanding of the interdependency of different aspects of ecosystem functioning and their sensitivity to global change. To anticipate responses to change at the ... |
author2 |
Hickler, Thomas Hickler, T ( Thomas ) |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Gounand, Isabelle Little, Chelsea J Harvey, Eric Altermatt, Florian |
author_facet |
Gounand, Isabelle Little, Chelsea J Harvey, Eric Altermatt, Florian |
author_sort |
Gounand, Isabelle |
title |
Global quantitative synthesis of ecosystem functioning across climatic zones and ecosystem types |
title_short |
Global quantitative synthesis of ecosystem functioning across climatic zones and ecosystem types |
title_full |
Global quantitative synthesis of ecosystem functioning across climatic zones and ecosystem types |
title_fullStr |
Global quantitative synthesis of ecosystem functioning across climatic zones and ecosystem types |
title_full_unstemmed |
Global quantitative synthesis of ecosystem functioning across climatic zones and ecosystem types |
title_sort |
global quantitative synthesis of ecosystem functioning across climatic zones and ecosystem types |
publisher |
Wiley-Blackwell Publishing, Inc. |
publishDate |
2020 |
url |
https://www.zora.uzh.ch/id/eprint/200892/ https://www.zora.uzh.ch/id/eprint/200892/1/Gounand.et_.al_GEB_2020.pdf https://www.zora.uzh.ch/id/eprint/200892/8/Gounand-et-al_2020_GEB_accepted.pdf https://doi.org/10.5167/uzh-200892 https://doi.org/10.1111/geb.13093 |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic |
genre_facet |
Arctic |
op_source |
Gounand, Isabelle; Little, Chelsea J; Harvey, Eric; Altermatt, Florian (2020). Global quantitative synthesis of ecosystem functioning across climatic zones and ecosystem types. Global Ecology and Biogeography, 29(7):1139-1176. |
op_relation |
https://www.zora.uzh.ch/id/eprint/200892/1/Gounand.et_.al_GEB_2020.pdf https://www.zora.uzh.ch/id/eprint/200892/8/Gounand-et-al_2020_GEB_accepted.pdf doi:10.5167/uzh-200892 doi:10.1111/geb.13093 urn:issn:1466-822X |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.5167/uzh-20089210.1111/geb.13093 |
_version_ |
1802641812450443264 |