Teleconnections and relationship between the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and the Southern Annular Mode (SAM) in reconstructions and models over the past millennium
The climate of the Southern Hemisphere (SH) is strongly influenced by variations in the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and the Southern Annular Mode (SAM). Because of the limited length of instrumental records in most parts of the SH, very little is known about the relationship between these tw...
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ftunivzuerich:oai:www.zora.uzh.ch:191714 2024-09-15T17:39:09+00:00 Teleconnections and relationship between the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and the Southern Annular Mode (SAM) in reconstructions and models over the past millennium Dätwyler, Christoph Grosjean, Martin Steiger, Nathan J Neukom, Raphael 2020-04-22 application/pdf https://www.zora.uzh.ch/id/eprint/191714/ https://www.zora.uzh.ch/id/eprint/191714/1/2020_Datwyler_et_al_2020.pdf https://doi.org/10.5167/uzh-191714 https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-16-743-2020 eng eng Copernicus Publications https://www.zora.uzh.ch/id/eprint/191714/1/2020_Datwyler_et_al_2020.pdf doi:10.5167/uzh-191714 doi:10.5194/cp-16-743-2020 urn:issn:1814-9324 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess Creative Commons: Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Dätwyler, Christoph; Grosjean, Martin; Steiger, Nathan J; Neukom, Raphael (2020). Teleconnections and relationship between the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and the Southern Annular Mode (SAM) in reconstructions and models over the past millennium. Climate of the Past, 16(2):743-756. Institute of Geography 910 Geography & travel Stratigraphy Palaeontology Global and Planetary Change Journal Article PeerReviewed info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion 2020 ftunivzuerich https://doi.org/10.5167/uzh-19171410.5194/cp-16-743-2020 2024-08-28T00:37:26Z The climate of the Southern Hemisphere (SH) is strongly influenced by variations in the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and the Southern Annular Mode (SAM). Because of the limited length of instrumental records in most parts of the SH, very little is known about the relationship between these two key modes of variability over time. Using proxy-based reconstructions and last-millennium climate model simulations, we find that ENSO and SAM indices are mostly negatively correlated over the past millennium. Pseudo-proxy experiments indicate that currently available proxy records are able to reliably capture ENSO–SAM relationships back to at least 1600 CE. Palaeoclimate reconstructions show mostly negative correlations back to about 1400 CE. An ensemble of last-millennium climate model simulations confirms this negative correlation, showing a stable correlation of approximately −0.3. Despite this generally negative relationship we do find intermittent periods of positive ENSO–SAM correlations in individual model simulations and in the palaeoclimate reconstructions. We do not find evidence that these relationship fluctuations are caused by exogenous forcing nor by a consistent climate pattern. However, we do find evidence that strong negative correlations are associated with strong positive (negative) anomalies in the Interdecadal Pacific Oscillation and the Amundsen Sea Low during periods when SAM and ENSO indices are of opposite (equal) sign. Article in Journal/Newspaper Amundsen Sea University of Zurich (UZH): ZORA (Zurich Open Repository and Archive |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
University of Zurich (UZH): ZORA (Zurich Open Repository and Archive |
op_collection_id |
ftunivzuerich |
language |
English |
topic |
Institute of Geography 910 Geography & travel Stratigraphy Palaeontology Global and Planetary Change |
spellingShingle |
Institute of Geography 910 Geography & travel Stratigraphy Palaeontology Global and Planetary Change Dätwyler, Christoph Grosjean, Martin Steiger, Nathan J Neukom, Raphael Teleconnections and relationship between the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and the Southern Annular Mode (SAM) in reconstructions and models over the past millennium |
topic_facet |
Institute of Geography 910 Geography & travel Stratigraphy Palaeontology Global and Planetary Change |
description |
The climate of the Southern Hemisphere (SH) is strongly influenced by variations in the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and the Southern Annular Mode (SAM). Because of the limited length of instrumental records in most parts of the SH, very little is known about the relationship between these two key modes of variability over time. Using proxy-based reconstructions and last-millennium climate model simulations, we find that ENSO and SAM indices are mostly negatively correlated over the past millennium. Pseudo-proxy experiments indicate that currently available proxy records are able to reliably capture ENSO–SAM relationships back to at least 1600 CE. Palaeoclimate reconstructions show mostly negative correlations back to about 1400 CE. An ensemble of last-millennium climate model simulations confirms this negative correlation, showing a stable correlation of approximately −0.3. Despite this generally negative relationship we do find intermittent periods of positive ENSO–SAM correlations in individual model simulations and in the palaeoclimate reconstructions. We do not find evidence that these relationship fluctuations are caused by exogenous forcing nor by a consistent climate pattern. However, we do find evidence that strong negative correlations are associated with strong positive (negative) anomalies in the Interdecadal Pacific Oscillation and the Amundsen Sea Low during periods when SAM and ENSO indices are of opposite (equal) sign. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Dätwyler, Christoph Grosjean, Martin Steiger, Nathan J Neukom, Raphael |
author_facet |
Dätwyler, Christoph Grosjean, Martin Steiger, Nathan J Neukom, Raphael |
author_sort |
Dätwyler, Christoph |
title |
Teleconnections and relationship between the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and the Southern Annular Mode (SAM) in reconstructions and models over the past millennium |
title_short |
Teleconnections and relationship between the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and the Southern Annular Mode (SAM) in reconstructions and models over the past millennium |
title_full |
Teleconnections and relationship between the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and the Southern Annular Mode (SAM) in reconstructions and models over the past millennium |
title_fullStr |
Teleconnections and relationship between the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and the Southern Annular Mode (SAM) in reconstructions and models over the past millennium |
title_full_unstemmed |
Teleconnections and relationship between the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and the Southern Annular Mode (SAM) in reconstructions and models over the past millennium |
title_sort |
teleconnections and relationship between the el niño–southern oscillation (enso) and the southern annular mode (sam) in reconstructions and models over the past millennium |
publisher |
Copernicus Publications |
publishDate |
2020 |
url |
https://www.zora.uzh.ch/id/eprint/191714/ https://www.zora.uzh.ch/id/eprint/191714/1/2020_Datwyler_et_al_2020.pdf https://doi.org/10.5167/uzh-191714 https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-16-743-2020 |
genre |
Amundsen Sea |
genre_facet |
Amundsen Sea |
op_source |
Dätwyler, Christoph; Grosjean, Martin; Steiger, Nathan J; Neukom, Raphael (2020). Teleconnections and relationship between the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and the Southern Annular Mode (SAM) in reconstructions and models over the past millennium. Climate of the Past, 16(2):743-756. |
op_relation |
https://www.zora.uzh.ch/id/eprint/191714/1/2020_Datwyler_et_al_2020.pdf doi:10.5167/uzh-191714 doi:10.5194/cp-16-743-2020 urn:issn:1814-9324 |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess Creative Commons: Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.5167/uzh-19171410.5194/cp-16-743-2020 |
_version_ |
1810477835649810432 |