Future changes in the Baltic Sea acid-base (pH) and oxygen balances
Possible future changes in Baltic Sea acid-base (pH) and oxygen balances were studied using a catchment-sea coupled model system and numerical experiments based on meteorological and hydrological forcing datasets and scenarios. By using objective statistical methods, climate runs for present climate...
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Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.3402/tellusb.v64i0.19586 http://handle.westernsydney.edu.au:8081/1959.7/uws:48425 |
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ftunivwestsyd:oai:researchdirect.westernsydney.edu.au:uws_48425 2023-05-15T17:51:26+02:00 Future changes in the Baltic Sea acid-base (pH) and oxygen balances Omstedt, Anders Edman, Moa Claremar, Bjorn Frodin, Peter Gustafsson, Erik Humborg, Christoph Hagg, Hanna Morth, Magnus Rutgersson, Anna Schurgers, Guy Smith, Benjamin (R19508) Wallstedt, Teresia Yurova, Alla Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment (Host institution) 2012 print 23 https://doi.org/10.3402/tellusb.v64i0.19586 http://handle.westernsydney.edu.au:8081/1959.7/uws:48425 eng eng Sweden, Co-Action Publishing Tellus Series B: Chemical and Physical Meteorology--1600-0889--0280-6509 Vol. 64 Issue. 1 No. 19586 pp: - © 2012 A. Omstedt et al. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/), permitting all non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. CC-BY-NC XXXXXX - Unknown ocean acidification eutrophication climatic changes Baltic Sea journal article 2012 ftunivwestsyd https://doi.org/10.3402/tellusb.v64i0.19586 2020-12-05T17:54:44Z Possible future changes in Baltic Sea acid-base (pH) and oxygen balances were studied using a catchment-sea coupled model system and numerical experiments based on meteorological and hydrological forcing datasets and scenarios. By using objective statistical methods, climate runs for present climate conditions were examined and evaluated using Baltic Sea modelling. The results indicate that increased nutrient loads will not inhibit future Baltic Sea acidification; instead, the seasonal pH cycle will be amplified by increased biological production and mineralization. All examined scenarios indicate future acidification of the whole Baltic Sea that is insensitive to the chosen global climate model. The main factor controlling the direction and magnitude of future pH changes is atmospheric CO2 concentration (i.e. emissions). Climate change and land-derived changes (e.g. nutrient loads) affect acidification mainly by altering the seasonal cycle and deep-water conditions. Apart from decreasing pH, we also project a decreased saturation state of calcium carbonate, decreased respiration index and increasing hypoxic area _ all factors that will threaten the marine ecosystem. We demonstrate that substantial reductions in fossil-fuel burning are needed to minimise the coming pH decrease and that substantial reductions in nutrient loads are needed to reduce the coming increase in hypoxic and anoxic waters. Article in Journal/Newspaper Ocean acidification University of Western Sydney (UWS): Research Direct Tellus B: Chemical and Physical Meteorology 64 1 19586 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
University of Western Sydney (UWS): Research Direct |
op_collection_id |
ftunivwestsyd |
language |
English |
topic |
XXXXXX - Unknown ocean acidification eutrophication climatic changes Baltic Sea |
spellingShingle |
XXXXXX - Unknown ocean acidification eutrophication climatic changes Baltic Sea Omstedt, Anders Edman, Moa Claremar, Bjorn Frodin, Peter Gustafsson, Erik Humborg, Christoph Hagg, Hanna Morth, Magnus Rutgersson, Anna Schurgers, Guy Smith, Benjamin (R19508) Wallstedt, Teresia Yurova, Alla Future changes in the Baltic Sea acid-base (pH) and oxygen balances |
topic_facet |
XXXXXX - Unknown ocean acidification eutrophication climatic changes Baltic Sea |
description |
Possible future changes in Baltic Sea acid-base (pH) and oxygen balances were studied using a catchment-sea coupled model system and numerical experiments based on meteorological and hydrological forcing datasets and scenarios. By using objective statistical methods, climate runs for present climate conditions were examined and evaluated using Baltic Sea modelling. The results indicate that increased nutrient loads will not inhibit future Baltic Sea acidification; instead, the seasonal pH cycle will be amplified by increased biological production and mineralization. All examined scenarios indicate future acidification of the whole Baltic Sea that is insensitive to the chosen global climate model. The main factor controlling the direction and magnitude of future pH changes is atmospheric CO2 concentration (i.e. emissions). Climate change and land-derived changes (e.g. nutrient loads) affect acidification mainly by altering the seasonal cycle and deep-water conditions. Apart from decreasing pH, we also project a decreased saturation state of calcium carbonate, decreased respiration index and increasing hypoxic area _ all factors that will threaten the marine ecosystem. We demonstrate that substantial reductions in fossil-fuel burning are needed to minimise the coming pH decrease and that substantial reductions in nutrient loads are needed to reduce the coming increase in hypoxic and anoxic waters. |
author2 |
Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment (Host institution) |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Omstedt, Anders Edman, Moa Claremar, Bjorn Frodin, Peter Gustafsson, Erik Humborg, Christoph Hagg, Hanna Morth, Magnus Rutgersson, Anna Schurgers, Guy Smith, Benjamin (R19508) Wallstedt, Teresia Yurova, Alla |
author_facet |
Omstedt, Anders Edman, Moa Claremar, Bjorn Frodin, Peter Gustafsson, Erik Humborg, Christoph Hagg, Hanna Morth, Magnus Rutgersson, Anna Schurgers, Guy Smith, Benjamin (R19508) Wallstedt, Teresia Yurova, Alla |
author_sort |
Omstedt, Anders |
title |
Future changes in the Baltic Sea acid-base (pH) and oxygen balances |
title_short |
Future changes in the Baltic Sea acid-base (pH) and oxygen balances |
title_full |
Future changes in the Baltic Sea acid-base (pH) and oxygen balances |
title_fullStr |
Future changes in the Baltic Sea acid-base (pH) and oxygen balances |
title_full_unstemmed |
Future changes in the Baltic Sea acid-base (pH) and oxygen balances |
title_sort |
future changes in the baltic sea acid-base (ph) and oxygen balances |
publisher |
Sweden, Co-Action Publishing |
publishDate |
2012 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.3402/tellusb.v64i0.19586 http://handle.westernsydney.edu.au:8081/1959.7/uws:48425 |
genre |
Ocean acidification |
genre_facet |
Ocean acidification |
op_relation |
Tellus Series B: Chemical and Physical Meteorology--1600-0889--0280-6509 Vol. 64 Issue. 1 No. 19586 pp: - |
op_rights |
© 2012 A. Omstedt et al. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/), permitting all non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
op_rightsnorm |
CC-BY-NC |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3402/tellusb.v64i0.19586 |
container_title |
Tellus B: Chemical and Physical Meteorology |
container_volume |
64 |
container_issue |
1 |
container_start_page |
19586 |
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1766158573222494208 |