Hatch timing, growth, and condition of juvenile Arctic cod (Boreogadus saida) in a warming Arctic: insights into overwinter survival strategies
Thesis (Master's)--University of Washington, 2024 Arctic cod (Boreogadus saida) is a highly abundant fish species with a circumpolar distribution and is generally considered to be an energetically key component of the Arctic food web. Warming conditions and corresponding shifts in sea-ice exten...
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ftunivwashington:oai:digital.lib.washington.edu:1773/51364 2024-05-19T07:33:48+00:00 Hatch timing, growth, and condition of juvenile Arctic cod (Boreogadus saida) in a warming Arctic: insights into overwinter survival strategies Stone, Kali R. Essington, Timothy E 2024 application/pdf http://hdl.handle.net/1773/51364 en_US eng Stone_washington_0250O_26605.pdf http://hdl.handle.net/1773/51364 CC BY-NC-ND Arctic climate growth hatch otolith Ecology Biology Environmental science Fisheries Thesis 2024 ftunivwashington 2024-04-30T23:30:18Z Thesis (Master's)--University of Washington, 2024 Arctic cod (Boreogadus saida) is a highly abundant fish species with a circumpolar distribution and is generally considered to be an energetically key component of the Arctic food web. Warming conditions and corresponding shifts in sea-ice extent and timing, prey composition, and predator/competitor interactions pose a risk to this cold-adapted species. Laboratory studies have demonstrated that critical early life stages have a narrow thermal tolerance and are particularly vulnerable to warming conditions. Here I examine how growth and hatching dynamics differed across and within years, with a particular emphasis on the role of temperature on these processes. I compared the pre-winter size and lipid storage of juvenile Arctic cod, which impact overwinter survival and recruitment dynamics, during a period of dramatic warming. Fish were captured during 2013, 2017, and 2019 summer surveys in the northern Bering and Chukchi Seas. Otoliths were processed to provide age and growth information and total fatty acids were assessed separately as a metric of lipid storage. Water temperatures during the summers of 2017 and 2019 were warmer than in 2013, and fish from 2017 and 2019 were larger and older on average. The summer growth and lipid storage of juvenile Arctic cod were similar among years, with the exception of 2017 fish having markedly lower concentrations of total fatty acids. We fit a series linear models to evaluate the effect of capture date, temperature, and sample year on both growth and lipid storage, and judged the weight of evidence using likelihood ratios. There was some evidence that earlier in the sampling season, temperature affected both the growth (χ2(2) = 7.99, p = 0.018) and lipid storage (χ2(2) = 8.61, p = 0.014) of juvenile Arctic cod, but exerted little to no influence at later stages. The results of this study suggest that sampled fish were able to attain larger pre-winter sizes in 2017 and 2019 because they hatched earlier and thus had longer ... Thesis Arctic cod Arctic Boreogadus saida Chukchi Sea ice University of Washington, Seattle: ResearchWorks |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
University of Washington, Seattle: ResearchWorks |
op_collection_id |
ftunivwashington |
language |
English |
topic |
Arctic climate growth hatch otolith Ecology Biology Environmental science Fisheries |
spellingShingle |
Arctic climate growth hatch otolith Ecology Biology Environmental science Fisheries Stone, Kali R. Hatch timing, growth, and condition of juvenile Arctic cod (Boreogadus saida) in a warming Arctic: insights into overwinter survival strategies |
topic_facet |
Arctic climate growth hatch otolith Ecology Biology Environmental science Fisheries |
description |
Thesis (Master's)--University of Washington, 2024 Arctic cod (Boreogadus saida) is a highly abundant fish species with a circumpolar distribution and is generally considered to be an energetically key component of the Arctic food web. Warming conditions and corresponding shifts in sea-ice extent and timing, prey composition, and predator/competitor interactions pose a risk to this cold-adapted species. Laboratory studies have demonstrated that critical early life stages have a narrow thermal tolerance and are particularly vulnerable to warming conditions. Here I examine how growth and hatching dynamics differed across and within years, with a particular emphasis on the role of temperature on these processes. I compared the pre-winter size and lipid storage of juvenile Arctic cod, which impact overwinter survival and recruitment dynamics, during a period of dramatic warming. Fish were captured during 2013, 2017, and 2019 summer surveys in the northern Bering and Chukchi Seas. Otoliths were processed to provide age and growth information and total fatty acids were assessed separately as a metric of lipid storage. Water temperatures during the summers of 2017 and 2019 were warmer than in 2013, and fish from 2017 and 2019 were larger and older on average. The summer growth and lipid storage of juvenile Arctic cod were similar among years, with the exception of 2017 fish having markedly lower concentrations of total fatty acids. We fit a series linear models to evaluate the effect of capture date, temperature, and sample year on both growth and lipid storage, and judged the weight of evidence using likelihood ratios. There was some evidence that earlier in the sampling season, temperature affected both the growth (χ2(2) = 7.99, p = 0.018) and lipid storage (χ2(2) = 8.61, p = 0.014) of juvenile Arctic cod, but exerted little to no influence at later stages. The results of this study suggest that sampled fish were able to attain larger pre-winter sizes in 2017 and 2019 because they hatched earlier and thus had longer ... |
author2 |
Essington, Timothy E |
format |
Thesis |
author |
Stone, Kali R. |
author_facet |
Stone, Kali R. |
author_sort |
Stone, Kali R. |
title |
Hatch timing, growth, and condition of juvenile Arctic cod (Boreogadus saida) in a warming Arctic: insights into overwinter survival strategies |
title_short |
Hatch timing, growth, and condition of juvenile Arctic cod (Boreogadus saida) in a warming Arctic: insights into overwinter survival strategies |
title_full |
Hatch timing, growth, and condition of juvenile Arctic cod (Boreogadus saida) in a warming Arctic: insights into overwinter survival strategies |
title_fullStr |
Hatch timing, growth, and condition of juvenile Arctic cod (Boreogadus saida) in a warming Arctic: insights into overwinter survival strategies |
title_full_unstemmed |
Hatch timing, growth, and condition of juvenile Arctic cod (Boreogadus saida) in a warming Arctic: insights into overwinter survival strategies |
title_sort |
hatch timing, growth, and condition of juvenile arctic cod (boreogadus saida) in a warming arctic: insights into overwinter survival strategies |
publishDate |
2024 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/1773/51364 |
genre |
Arctic cod Arctic Boreogadus saida Chukchi Sea ice |
genre_facet |
Arctic cod Arctic Boreogadus saida Chukchi Sea ice |
op_relation |
Stone_washington_0250O_26605.pdf http://hdl.handle.net/1773/51364 |
op_rights |
CC BY-NC-ND |
_version_ |
1799471866970112000 |