Genetic and Environmental Factors Affecting Hemostasis in Yup'ik People
Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Washington, 2014 Fish oil has been widely studied for its protective effects against heart disease. These effects are attributed to omega-3 PUFA content, which are also found in sea mammals in addition to fish. The mechanism by which omega-3 PUFAs provide cardiovascular...
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ftunivwashington:oai:digital.lib.washington.edu:1773/27531 2023-05-15T15:17:11+02:00 Genetic and Environmental Factors Affecting Hemostasis in Yup'ik People Au, Nicholas T. Rettie, Allan E 2014 application/pdf http://hdl.handle.net/1773/27531 en_US eng Au_washington_0250E_13905.pdf http://hdl.handle.net/1773/27531 Copyright is held by the individual authors. fish oil medicinal chemistry pharmacogenetics pufa vitamin K Yup'ik Health sciences Pharmaceutical sciences Chemistry Thesis 2014 ftunivwashington 2023-03-12T18:52:11Z Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Washington, 2014 Fish oil has been widely studied for its protective effects against heart disease. These effects are attributed to omega-3 PUFA content, which are also found in sea mammals in addition to fish. The mechanism by which omega-3 PUFAs provide cardiovascular benefits remain unclear but experimental data have alluded to effects on hemostasis. Omega-3 PUFAs may also modify bleeding risk based on anecdotal reports in the literature. The studies presented in this dissertation examine the effect of omega-3 PUFA consumption on measures of hemostasis among Yup'ik study participants, for whom fish and marine mammals are a dietary staple. Measures of clotting potential included clotting factors II and V, PT/INR, PTT, and sP-selectin. These data were assessed for an association with d15N, a validated biomarker of omega-3 PUFA intake. We found that the platelet biomarker, sP-selectin, correlated strongly and inversely with d15N. This supports earlier findings of diminished platelet activation in Greenland Inuits and suggests that platelet activity varies with omega-3 PUFA content in blood. There was also an unexpected bimodal distribution in plasma clotting factor V activity where approximately 11% of samples had values below 30%. While we validated the factor V activity data by measuring factor V protein concentrations by ELISA, the low values were not produced during repeat visits by some of the same individuals. This observation warrants investigation. We then explored whether low vitamin K status is evident in Yup'ik people. Given that the main dietary source of vitamin K is green leafy vegetables, which are only intermittently available in the remote sub-Arctic regions where the Yup'ik live, and that vitamin K is necessary for the production of vitamin K-dependent clotting factors, it is plausible that this population may be more prone to a hypocoagulable state because of limited vitamin K intake. We further hypothesized that Yup'ik people may also harbor unique ... Thesis Arctic Greenland inuits Yup'ik University of Washington, Seattle: ResearchWorks Arctic Greenland |
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Open Polar |
collection |
University of Washington, Seattle: ResearchWorks |
op_collection_id |
ftunivwashington |
language |
English |
topic |
fish oil medicinal chemistry pharmacogenetics pufa vitamin K Yup'ik Health sciences Pharmaceutical sciences Chemistry |
spellingShingle |
fish oil medicinal chemistry pharmacogenetics pufa vitamin K Yup'ik Health sciences Pharmaceutical sciences Chemistry Au, Nicholas T. Genetic and Environmental Factors Affecting Hemostasis in Yup'ik People |
topic_facet |
fish oil medicinal chemistry pharmacogenetics pufa vitamin K Yup'ik Health sciences Pharmaceutical sciences Chemistry |
description |
Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Washington, 2014 Fish oil has been widely studied for its protective effects against heart disease. These effects are attributed to omega-3 PUFA content, which are also found in sea mammals in addition to fish. The mechanism by which omega-3 PUFAs provide cardiovascular benefits remain unclear but experimental data have alluded to effects on hemostasis. Omega-3 PUFAs may also modify bleeding risk based on anecdotal reports in the literature. The studies presented in this dissertation examine the effect of omega-3 PUFA consumption on measures of hemostasis among Yup'ik study participants, for whom fish and marine mammals are a dietary staple. Measures of clotting potential included clotting factors II and V, PT/INR, PTT, and sP-selectin. These data were assessed for an association with d15N, a validated biomarker of omega-3 PUFA intake. We found that the platelet biomarker, sP-selectin, correlated strongly and inversely with d15N. This supports earlier findings of diminished platelet activation in Greenland Inuits and suggests that platelet activity varies with omega-3 PUFA content in blood. There was also an unexpected bimodal distribution in plasma clotting factor V activity where approximately 11% of samples had values below 30%. While we validated the factor V activity data by measuring factor V protein concentrations by ELISA, the low values were not produced during repeat visits by some of the same individuals. This observation warrants investigation. We then explored whether low vitamin K status is evident in Yup'ik people. Given that the main dietary source of vitamin K is green leafy vegetables, which are only intermittently available in the remote sub-Arctic regions where the Yup'ik live, and that vitamin K is necessary for the production of vitamin K-dependent clotting factors, it is plausible that this population may be more prone to a hypocoagulable state because of limited vitamin K intake. We further hypothesized that Yup'ik people may also harbor unique ... |
author2 |
Rettie, Allan E |
format |
Thesis |
author |
Au, Nicholas T. |
author_facet |
Au, Nicholas T. |
author_sort |
Au, Nicholas T. |
title |
Genetic and Environmental Factors Affecting Hemostasis in Yup'ik People |
title_short |
Genetic and Environmental Factors Affecting Hemostasis in Yup'ik People |
title_full |
Genetic and Environmental Factors Affecting Hemostasis in Yup'ik People |
title_fullStr |
Genetic and Environmental Factors Affecting Hemostasis in Yup'ik People |
title_full_unstemmed |
Genetic and Environmental Factors Affecting Hemostasis in Yup'ik People |
title_sort |
genetic and environmental factors affecting hemostasis in yup'ik people |
publishDate |
2014 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/1773/27531 |
geographic |
Arctic Greenland |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Greenland |
genre |
Arctic Greenland inuits Yup'ik |
genre_facet |
Arctic Greenland inuits Yup'ik |
op_relation |
Au_washington_0250E_13905.pdf http://hdl.handle.net/1773/27531 |
op_rights |
Copyright is held by the individual authors. |
_version_ |
1766347456085229568 |