Trophic Interactions in South West Atlantic Seabird Colonies
Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Washington, 2012 Seabirds act as both predators and as prey. In the marine environment, seabird foraging patterns can reflect ocean conditions. On land, their breeding success reflects constraints placed on seabirds by central-place foraging, as well as aspects of the e...
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ftunivwashington:oai:digital.lib.washington.edu:1773/22443 2023-05-15T13:59:14+02:00 Trophic Interactions in South West Atlantic Seabird Colonies Van Buren, Amy Noel Boersma, Dee 2012 application/pdf http://hdl.handle.net/1773/22443 en_US eng VanBuren_washington_0250E_11222.pdf http://hdl.handle.net/1773/22443 Copyright is held by the individual authors. Competition Falkland Islands Foraging Predation Seabirds Ecology Animal behavior biology Thesis 2012 ftunivwashington 2023-03-12T18:50:28Z Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Washington, 2012 Seabirds act as both predators and as prey. In the marine environment, seabird foraging patterns can reflect ocean conditions. On land, their breeding success reflects constraints placed on seabirds by central-place foraging, as well as aspects of the evolution of coloniality. In Chapter 1, I investigate whether differences in marine productivity influence foraging and reproductive success at two Magellanic Penguin ( Spheniscus magellanicus ) colonies--New Island (Falkland Islands / Islas Malvinas) and Punta Tombo (Argentina). Magellanic Penguins reflected ocean productivity in both their foraging and breeding patterns. During the late chick stage, ocean productivity was higher at New Island, and foraging areas were smaller. Accordingly, New Island penguins had shorter foraging trips and higher reproductive output. Plasticity in their natural history allows seabirds to balance self-maintenance, foraging and reproductive success under variable ocean conditions. In Chapter 2, I explore the causes and consequences of albatross chicks off their nests at Steeple Jason Island, Falkland Islands. In Black-browed Albatross ( Thalassarche melanophrys ), chicks that prematurely end up outside their nests typically die. The number of chicks off their nests increased with time, and correlated negatively with adult nest attendance. Off-nest chicks on the colony edge were more likely to be found adjacent to other off-nest chicks. Off-nest chicks with injuries or feathers matted with stomach oil regurgitate occurred primarily on the colony edge and in clusters. These patterns were most consistent with predation or attempted predation by Southern Giant Petrels ( Macronectes giganteus ). In Chapter 3, I examine resource use overlap between two avian predators at a mixed seabird colony in the Falkland Islands. Striated Caracaras ( Phalcoboenus australis ) and Falkland Skuas ( Stercorarius antarctica antarctica ) are locally on Steeple Jason Island. Both predators ate the same prey ... Thesis Antarc* Antarctica Giant Petrels Macronectes giganteus University of Washington, Seattle: ResearchWorks Argentina Giganteus ENVELOPE(62.500,62.500,-67.567,-67.567) Steeple ENVELOPE(-57.068,-57.068,-63.427,-63.427) Jason Island ENVELOPE(-36.495,-36.495,-54.179,-54.179) |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
University of Washington, Seattle: ResearchWorks |
op_collection_id |
ftunivwashington |
language |
English |
topic |
Competition Falkland Islands Foraging Predation Seabirds Ecology Animal behavior biology |
spellingShingle |
Competition Falkland Islands Foraging Predation Seabirds Ecology Animal behavior biology Van Buren, Amy Noel Trophic Interactions in South West Atlantic Seabird Colonies |
topic_facet |
Competition Falkland Islands Foraging Predation Seabirds Ecology Animal behavior biology |
description |
Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Washington, 2012 Seabirds act as both predators and as prey. In the marine environment, seabird foraging patterns can reflect ocean conditions. On land, their breeding success reflects constraints placed on seabirds by central-place foraging, as well as aspects of the evolution of coloniality. In Chapter 1, I investigate whether differences in marine productivity influence foraging and reproductive success at two Magellanic Penguin ( Spheniscus magellanicus ) colonies--New Island (Falkland Islands / Islas Malvinas) and Punta Tombo (Argentina). Magellanic Penguins reflected ocean productivity in both their foraging and breeding patterns. During the late chick stage, ocean productivity was higher at New Island, and foraging areas were smaller. Accordingly, New Island penguins had shorter foraging trips and higher reproductive output. Plasticity in their natural history allows seabirds to balance self-maintenance, foraging and reproductive success under variable ocean conditions. In Chapter 2, I explore the causes and consequences of albatross chicks off their nests at Steeple Jason Island, Falkland Islands. In Black-browed Albatross ( Thalassarche melanophrys ), chicks that prematurely end up outside their nests typically die. The number of chicks off their nests increased with time, and correlated negatively with adult nest attendance. Off-nest chicks on the colony edge were more likely to be found adjacent to other off-nest chicks. Off-nest chicks with injuries or feathers matted with stomach oil regurgitate occurred primarily on the colony edge and in clusters. These patterns were most consistent with predation or attempted predation by Southern Giant Petrels ( Macronectes giganteus ). In Chapter 3, I examine resource use overlap between two avian predators at a mixed seabird colony in the Falkland Islands. Striated Caracaras ( Phalcoboenus australis ) and Falkland Skuas ( Stercorarius antarctica antarctica ) are locally on Steeple Jason Island. Both predators ate the same prey ... |
author2 |
Boersma, Dee |
format |
Thesis |
author |
Van Buren, Amy Noel |
author_facet |
Van Buren, Amy Noel |
author_sort |
Van Buren, Amy Noel |
title |
Trophic Interactions in South West Atlantic Seabird Colonies |
title_short |
Trophic Interactions in South West Atlantic Seabird Colonies |
title_full |
Trophic Interactions in South West Atlantic Seabird Colonies |
title_fullStr |
Trophic Interactions in South West Atlantic Seabird Colonies |
title_full_unstemmed |
Trophic Interactions in South West Atlantic Seabird Colonies |
title_sort |
trophic interactions in south west atlantic seabird colonies |
publishDate |
2012 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/1773/22443 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(62.500,62.500,-67.567,-67.567) ENVELOPE(-57.068,-57.068,-63.427,-63.427) ENVELOPE(-36.495,-36.495,-54.179,-54.179) |
geographic |
Argentina Giganteus Steeple Jason Island |
geographic_facet |
Argentina Giganteus Steeple Jason Island |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctica Giant Petrels Macronectes giganteus |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctica Giant Petrels Macronectes giganteus |
op_relation |
VanBuren_washington_0250E_11222.pdf http://hdl.handle.net/1773/22443 |
op_rights |
Copyright is held by the individual authors. |
_version_ |
1766267756654624768 |