From whaling to whale watching : Examining sustainability and cultural rhetoric
This paper explores whaling and whale watching to determine the viability of their divergent practices - and explains why they coexist in some cases. Whale watching is often viewed as an ecotourism product and presented as an activity that is fast growing, holds potential for local regeneration, pro...
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Online Access: | https://research.wur.nl/en/publications/from-whaling-to-whale-watching-examining-sustainability-and-cultu https://doi.org/10.1080/09669582.2011.632091 |
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ftunivwagenin:oai:library.wur.nl:wurpubs/564164 2024-02-04T10:01:26+01:00 From whaling to whale watching : Examining sustainability and cultural rhetoric Cunningham, Paul A. Huijbens, Edward H. Wearing, Stephen L. 2012 text/html https://research.wur.nl/en/publications/from-whaling-to-whale-watching-examining-sustainability-and-cultu https://doi.org/10.1080/09669582.2011.632091 en eng https://edepot.wur.nl/521625 https://research.wur.nl/en/publications/from-whaling-to-whale-watching-examining-sustainability-and-cultu doi:10.1080/09669582.2011.632091 info:eu-repo/semantics/restrictedAccess Wageningen University & Research Journal of Sustainable Tourism 20 (2012) 1 ISSN: 0966-9582 Ecotourism Iceland Japan Sustainability Whale watching Whaling info:eu-repo/semantics/article Article/Letter to editor info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion 2012 ftunivwagenin https://doi.org/10.1080/09669582.2011.632091 2024-01-10T23:21:23Z This paper explores whaling and whale watching to determine the viability of their divergent practices - and explains why they coexist in some cases. Whale watching is often viewed as an ecotourism product and presented as an activity that is fast growing, holds potential for local regeneration, promotes conservation and sustainable practice and is ecological and profitable. Whaling is currently under considerable scrutiny and relies on economic and increasingly cultural rhetoric to support its viability. Contrary to some statements, it is rarely a long-established practice. The paper uses Japan and Iceland as examples to examine the sustainability frameworks and political rhetoric surrounding these activities, and asks whether whale watchingmight offer an alternative economy for the whaling/fishing communities in an era of conflict over sustainable resource use. The paper finds that whale watching participation grew from 9 million tourists in 2001 to 13 million in 2008, with revenues rising from $1 billion to $2.1 billion per annum over that period. Whaling relies heavily on state and private subsidies.We also find, however, that whaling and whale watching can co-exist, that both use sustainability-based rhetoric, but that global trends in public opinion and taste favour whale watching over whaling. Article in Journal/Newspaper Iceland Wageningen UR (University & Research Centre): Digital Library Journal of Sustainable Tourism 20 1 143 161 |
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Open Polar |
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Wageningen UR (University & Research Centre): Digital Library |
op_collection_id |
ftunivwagenin |
language |
English |
topic |
Ecotourism Iceland Japan Sustainability Whale watching Whaling |
spellingShingle |
Ecotourism Iceland Japan Sustainability Whale watching Whaling Cunningham, Paul A. Huijbens, Edward H. Wearing, Stephen L. From whaling to whale watching : Examining sustainability and cultural rhetoric |
topic_facet |
Ecotourism Iceland Japan Sustainability Whale watching Whaling |
description |
This paper explores whaling and whale watching to determine the viability of their divergent practices - and explains why they coexist in some cases. Whale watching is often viewed as an ecotourism product and presented as an activity that is fast growing, holds potential for local regeneration, promotes conservation and sustainable practice and is ecological and profitable. Whaling is currently under considerable scrutiny and relies on economic and increasingly cultural rhetoric to support its viability. Contrary to some statements, it is rarely a long-established practice. The paper uses Japan and Iceland as examples to examine the sustainability frameworks and political rhetoric surrounding these activities, and asks whether whale watchingmight offer an alternative economy for the whaling/fishing communities in an era of conflict over sustainable resource use. The paper finds that whale watching participation grew from 9 million tourists in 2001 to 13 million in 2008, with revenues rising from $1 billion to $2.1 billion per annum over that period. Whaling relies heavily on state and private subsidies.We also find, however, that whaling and whale watching can co-exist, that both use sustainability-based rhetoric, but that global trends in public opinion and taste favour whale watching over whaling. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Cunningham, Paul A. Huijbens, Edward H. Wearing, Stephen L. |
author_facet |
Cunningham, Paul A. Huijbens, Edward H. Wearing, Stephen L. |
author_sort |
Cunningham, Paul A. |
title |
From whaling to whale watching : Examining sustainability and cultural rhetoric |
title_short |
From whaling to whale watching : Examining sustainability and cultural rhetoric |
title_full |
From whaling to whale watching : Examining sustainability and cultural rhetoric |
title_fullStr |
From whaling to whale watching : Examining sustainability and cultural rhetoric |
title_full_unstemmed |
From whaling to whale watching : Examining sustainability and cultural rhetoric |
title_sort |
from whaling to whale watching : examining sustainability and cultural rhetoric |
publishDate |
2012 |
url |
https://research.wur.nl/en/publications/from-whaling-to-whale-watching-examining-sustainability-and-cultu https://doi.org/10.1080/09669582.2011.632091 |
genre |
Iceland |
genre_facet |
Iceland |
op_source |
Journal of Sustainable Tourism 20 (2012) 1 ISSN: 0966-9582 |
op_relation |
https://edepot.wur.nl/521625 https://research.wur.nl/en/publications/from-whaling-to-whale-watching-examining-sustainability-and-cultu doi:10.1080/09669582.2011.632091 |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/restrictedAccess Wageningen University & Research |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1080/09669582.2011.632091 |
container_title |
Journal of Sustainable Tourism |
container_volume |
20 |
container_issue |
1 |
container_start_page |
143 |
op_container_end_page |
161 |
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1789967333811290112 |