The chronic toxicity of emamectin benzoate to three marine benthic species using microcosms
The commercial farming of Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar, may require the periodic application of emamectin benzoate (EB) treatments to reduce the effects of biological pests, such as sea lice. As a result, EB is detected in sediments beneath these fish farms at considerable levels. Literature sedimen...
Published in: | Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety |
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Online Access: | https://research.wur.nl/en/publications/the-chronic-toxicity-of-emamectin-benzoate-to-three-marine-benthi https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.110452 |
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ftunivwagenin:oai:library.wur.nl:wurpubs/562917 2024-02-04T09:58:59+01:00 The chronic toxicity of emamectin benzoate to three marine benthic species using microcosms Cheng, Bo Van Smeden, Jasper Deneer, John Belgers, Dick Foekema, Edwin Roessink, Ivo Matser, Arrienne Van den Brink, Paul J. 2020 application/pdf https://research.wur.nl/en/publications/the-chronic-toxicity-of-emamectin-benzoate-to-three-marine-benthi https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.110452 en eng info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/H2020/678396 https://edepot.wur.nl/518806 https://research.wur.nl/en/publications/the-chronic-toxicity-of-emamectin-benzoate-to-three-marine-benthi doi:10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.110452 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ Wageningen University & Research Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety 194 (2020) ISSN: 0147-6513 Arenicola marina Benthic invertebrates Cerastoderma edule Corophium volutator Emamectin benzoate Sediment bioassay info:eu-repo/semantics/article Article/Letter to editor info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion 2020 ftunivwagenin https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.110452 2024-01-10T23:16:18Z The commercial farming of Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar, may require the periodic application of emamectin benzoate (EB) treatments to reduce the effects of biological pests, such as sea lice. As a result, EB is detected in sediments beneath these fish farms at considerable levels. Literature sediment toxicity data for EB for marine benthic species is only available for 10-day sediment toxicity tests, which might be too short to assess field effects. Here, we present a sediment toxicity test to determine 28-day mortality and growth effect concentrations for the non-target polychaete worm Arenicola marina, the crustacean Corophium volutator and the mollusk Cerastoderma edule using a marine microcosm setup. Results indicate that no concentration-dependent increase of mortality and growth rate was apparent to A. marina and C. edule. But for C. volutator, a concentration-dependent increase in mortality was observed, resulting in a calculated 28-d LC50 of 316 μg/kg dry sediment (95% confidence interval: 267–373 μg/kg dry sediment). There were significant effects on C. volutator growth rate at concentrations of 100 μg/kg dry sediment and above (NOEC = 30 μg/kg dry sediment). These observations show that C. volutator is more sensitive to EB than A. marina, which differs from results reported in previous studies. Comparison to the most sensitive NOEC (30 μg/kg dry sediment) found for C. volutator (organisms of 8–11 mm length), shows that the Environmental Quality Standard, derived by the Scottish Environment Protection Agency in 2017 which based on freshwater species data (NOEC = 1.175 μg/kg dry sediment), are relatively strict and is sufficiently protective for the marine species tested in this paper. Article in Journal/Newspaper Atlantic salmon Salmo salar Wageningen UR (University & Research Centre): Digital Library Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety 194 110452 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Wageningen UR (University & Research Centre): Digital Library |
op_collection_id |
ftunivwagenin |
language |
English |
topic |
Arenicola marina Benthic invertebrates Cerastoderma edule Corophium volutator Emamectin benzoate Sediment bioassay |
spellingShingle |
Arenicola marina Benthic invertebrates Cerastoderma edule Corophium volutator Emamectin benzoate Sediment bioassay Cheng, Bo Van Smeden, Jasper Deneer, John Belgers, Dick Foekema, Edwin Roessink, Ivo Matser, Arrienne Van den Brink, Paul J. The chronic toxicity of emamectin benzoate to three marine benthic species using microcosms |
topic_facet |
Arenicola marina Benthic invertebrates Cerastoderma edule Corophium volutator Emamectin benzoate Sediment bioassay |
description |
The commercial farming of Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar, may require the periodic application of emamectin benzoate (EB) treatments to reduce the effects of biological pests, such as sea lice. As a result, EB is detected in sediments beneath these fish farms at considerable levels. Literature sediment toxicity data for EB for marine benthic species is only available for 10-day sediment toxicity tests, which might be too short to assess field effects. Here, we present a sediment toxicity test to determine 28-day mortality and growth effect concentrations for the non-target polychaete worm Arenicola marina, the crustacean Corophium volutator and the mollusk Cerastoderma edule using a marine microcosm setup. Results indicate that no concentration-dependent increase of mortality and growth rate was apparent to A. marina and C. edule. But for C. volutator, a concentration-dependent increase in mortality was observed, resulting in a calculated 28-d LC50 of 316 μg/kg dry sediment (95% confidence interval: 267–373 μg/kg dry sediment). There were significant effects on C. volutator growth rate at concentrations of 100 μg/kg dry sediment and above (NOEC = 30 μg/kg dry sediment). These observations show that C. volutator is more sensitive to EB than A. marina, which differs from results reported in previous studies. Comparison to the most sensitive NOEC (30 μg/kg dry sediment) found for C. volutator (organisms of 8–11 mm length), shows that the Environmental Quality Standard, derived by the Scottish Environment Protection Agency in 2017 which based on freshwater species data (NOEC = 1.175 μg/kg dry sediment), are relatively strict and is sufficiently protective for the marine species tested in this paper. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Cheng, Bo Van Smeden, Jasper Deneer, John Belgers, Dick Foekema, Edwin Roessink, Ivo Matser, Arrienne Van den Brink, Paul J. |
author_facet |
Cheng, Bo Van Smeden, Jasper Deneer, John Belgers, Dick Foekema, Edwin Roessink, Ivo Matser, Arrienne Van den Brink, Paul J. |
author_sort |
Cheng, Bo |
title |
The chronic toxicity of emamectin benzoate to three marine benthic species using microcosms |
title_short |
The chronic toxicity of emamectin benzoate to three marine benthic species using microcosms |
title_full |
The chronic toxicity of emamectin benzoate to three marine benthic species using microcosms |
title_fullStr |
The chronic toxicity of emamectin benzoate to three marine benthic species using microcosms |
title_full_unstemmed |
The chronic toxicity of emamectin benzoate to three marine benthic species using microcosms |
title_sort |
chronic toxicity of emamectin benzoate to three marine benthic species using microcosms |
publishDate |
2020 |
url |
https://research.wur.nl/en/publications/the-chronic-toxicity-of-emamectin-benzoate-to-three-marine-benthi https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.110452 |
genre |
Atlantic salmon Salmo salar |
genre_facet |
Atlantic salmon Salmo salar |
op_source |
Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety 194 (2020) ISSN: 0147-6513 |
op_relation |
info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/H2020/678396 https://edepot.wur.nl/518806 https://research.wur.nl/en/publications/the-chronic-toxicity-of-emamectin-benzoate-to-three-marine-benthi doi:10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.110452 |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ Wageningen University & Research |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.110452 |
container_title |
Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety |
container_volume |
194 |
container_start_page |
110452 |
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1789963606123610112 |