Osmolality and non-structural carbohydrate composition in the secondary phloem of trees across a latitudinal gradient in Europe
Phloem osmolality and its components are involved in basic cell metabolism, cell growth, and in various physiological processes including the ability of living cells to withstand drought and frost. Osmolality and sugar composition responses to environmental stresses have been extensively studied for...
Published in: | Frontiers in Plant Science |
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2016
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Online Access: | https://research.wur.nl/en/publications/osmolality-and-non-structural-carbohydrate-composition-in-the-sec https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2016.00726 |
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ftunivwagenin:oai:library.wur.nl:wurpubs/505709 2024-02-11T10:07:07+01:00 Osmolality and non-structural carbohydrate composition in the secondary phloem of trees across a latitudinal gradient in Europe Lintunen, Anna Paljakka, Teemu Jyske, Tuula Peltoniemi, Mikko Sterck, Frank Von Arx, Georg Cochard, Hervé Copini, Paul Caldeira, Maria C. Delzon, Sylvain Gebauer, Roman Grönlund, Leila Kiorapostolou, Natasa Lechthaler, Silvia Lobo-Do-Vale, Raquel Peters, Richard L. Petit, Giai Prendin, Angela L. Salmon, Yann Steppe, Kathy Urban, Josef Juan, Sílvia Roig Robert, Elisabeth M.R. Hölttä, Teemu 2016 application/pdf https://research.wur.nl/en/publications/osmolality-and-non-structural-carbohydrate-composition-in-the-sec https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2016.00726 en eng https://edepot.wur.nl/385407 https://research.wur.nl/en/publications/osmolality-and-non-structural-carbohydrate-composition-in-the-sec doi:10.3389/fpls.2016.00726 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Wageningen University & Research Frontiers in Plant Science 7 (2016) JUNE2016 ISSN: 1664-462X Hexose Osmotic concentration Phloem water content Pinitol Raffinose Starch Sucrose Article/Letter to editor 2016 ftunivwagenin https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2016.00726 2024-01-24T23:18:26Z Phloem osmolality and its components are involved in basic cell metabolism, cell growth, and in various physiological processes including the ability of living cells to withstand drought and frost. Osmolality and sugar composition responses to environmental stresses have been extensively studied for leaves, but less for the secondary phloem of plant stems and branches. Leaf osmotic concentration and the share of pinitol and raffinose among soluble sugars increase with increasing drought or cold stress, and osmotic concentration is adjusted with osmoregulation. We hypothesize that similar responses occur in the secondary phloem of branches. We collected living bark samples from branches of adult Pinus sylvestris, Picea abies, Betula pendula and Populus tremula trees across Europe, from boreal Northern Finland to Mediterranean Portugal. In all studied species, the observed variation in phloem osmolality was mainly driven by variation in phloem water content, while tissue solute content was rather constant across regions. Osmoregulation, in which osmolality is controlled by variable tissue solute content, was stronger for Betula and Populus in comparison to the evergreen conifers. Osmolality was lowest in mid-latitude region, and from there increased by 37% toward northern Europe and 38% toward southern Europe due to low phloem water content in these regions. The ratio of raffinose to all soluble sugars was negligible at mid-latitudes and increased toward north and south, reflecting its role in cold and drought tolerance. For pinitol, another sugar known for contributing to stress tolerance, no such latitudinal pattern was observed. The proportion of sucrose was remarkably low and that of hexoses (i.e., glucose and fructose) high at mid-latitudes. The ratio of starch to all non-structural carbohydrates increased toward the northern latitudes in agreement with the build-up of osmotically inactive C reservoir that can be converted into soluble sugars during winter acclimation in these cold regions. Present results ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Northern Finland Wageningen UR (University & Research Centre): Digital Library Frontiers in Plant Science 7 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Wageningen UR (University & Research Centre): Digital Library |
op_collection_id |
ftunivwagenin |
language |
English |
topic |
Hexose Osmotic concentration Phloem water content Pinitol Raffinose Starch Sucrose |
spellingShingle |
Hexose Osmotic concentration Phloem water content Pinitol Raffinose Starch Sucrose Lintunen, Anna Paljakka, Teemu Jyske, Tuula Peltoniemi, Mikko Sterck, Frank Von Arx, Georg Cochard, Hervé Copini, Paul Caldeira, Maria C. Delzon, Sylvain Gebauer, Roman Grönlund, Leila Kiorapostolou, Natasa Lechthaler, Silvia Lobo-Do-Vale, Raquel Peters, Richard L. Petit, Giai Prendin, Angela L. Salmon, Yann Steppe, Kathy Urban, Josef Juan, Sílvia Roig Robert, Elisabeth M.R. Hölttä, Teemu Osmolality and non-structural carbohydrate composition in the secondary phloem of trees across a latitudinal gradient in Europe |
topic_facet |
Hexose Osmotic concentration Phloem water content Pinitol Raffinose Starch Sucrose |
description |
Phloem osmolality and its components are involved in basic cell metabolism, cell growth, and in various physiological processes including the ability of living cells to withstand drought and frost. Osmolality and sugar composition responses to environmental stresses have been extensively studied for leaves, but less for the secondary phloem of plant stems and branches. Leaf osmotic concentration and the share of pinitol and raffinose among soluble sugars increase with increasing drought or cold stress, and osmotic concentration is adjusted with osmoregulation. We hypothesize that similar responses occur in the secondary phloem of branches. We collected living bark samples from branches of adult Pinus sylvestris, Picea abies, Betula pendula and Populus tremula trees across Europe, from boreal Northern Finland to Mediterranean Portugal. In all studied species, the observed variation in phloem osmolality was mainly driven by variation in phloem water content, while tissue solute content was rather constant across regions. Osmoregulation, in which osmolality is controlled by variable tissue solute content, was stronger for Betula and Populus in comparison to the evergreen conifers. Osmolality was lowest in mid-latitude region, and from there increased by 37% toward northern Europe and 38% toward southern Europe due to low phloem water content in these regions. The ratio of raffinose to all soluble sugars was negligible at mid-latitudes and increased toward north and south, reflecting its role in cold and drought tolerance. For pinitol, another sugar known for contributing to stress tolerance, no such latitudinal pattern was observed. The proportion of sucrose was remarkably low and that of hexoses (i.e., glucose and fructose) high at mid-latitudes. The ratio of starch to all non-structural carbohydrates increased toward the northern latitudes in agreement with the build-up of osmotically inactive C reservoir that can be converted into soluble sugars during winter acclimation in these cold regions. Present results ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Lintunen, Anna Paljakka, Teemu Jyske, Tuula Peltoniemi, Mikko Sterck, Frank Von Arx, Georg Cochard, Hervé Copini, Paul Caldeira, Maria C. Delzon, Sylvain Gebauer, Roman Grönlund, Leila Kiorapostolou, Natasa Lechthaler, Silvia Lobo-Do-Vale, Raquel Peters, Richard L. Petit, Giai Prendin, Angela L. Salmon, Yann Steppe, Kathy Urban, Josef Juan, Sílvia Roig Robert, Elisabeth M.R. Hölttä, Teemu |
author_facet |
Lintunen, Anna Paljakka, Teemu Jyske, Tuula Peltoniemi, Mikko Sterck, Frank Von Arx, Georg Cochard, Hervé Copini, Paul Caldeira, Maria C. Delzon, Sylvain Gebauer, Roman Grönlund, Leila Kiorapostolou, Natasa Lechthaler, Silvia Lobo-Do-Vale, Raquel Peters, Richard L. Petit, Giai Prendin, Angela L. Salmon, Yann Steppe, Kathy Urban, Josef Juan, Sílvia Roig Robert, Elisabeth M.R. Hölttä, Teemu |
author_sort |
Lintunen, Anna |
title |
Osmolality and non-structural carbohydrate composition in the secondary phloem of trees across a latitudinal gradient in Europe |
title_short |
Osmolality and non-structural carbohydrate composition in the secondary phloem of trees across a latitudinal gradient in Europe |
title_full |
Osmolality and non-structural carbohydrate composition in the secondary phloem of trees across a latitudinal gradient in Europe |
title_fullStr |
Osmolality and non-structural carbohydrate composition in the secondary phloem of trees across a latitudinal gradient in Europe |
title_full_unstemmed |
Osmolality and non-structural carbohydrate composition in the secondary phloem of trees across a latitudinal gradient in Europe |
title_sort |
osmolality and non-structural carbohydrate composition in the secondary phloem of trees across a latitudinal gradient in europe |
publishDate |
2016 |
url |
https://research.wur.nl/en/publications/osmolality-and-non-structural-carbohydrate-composition-in-the-sec https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2016.00726 |
genre |
Northern Finland |
genre_facet |
Northern Finland |
op_source |
Frontiers in Plant Science 7 (2016) JUNE2016 ISSN: 1664-462X |
op_relation |
https://edepot.wur.nl/385407 https://research.wur.nl/en/publications/osmolality-and-non-structural-carbohydrate-composition-in-the-sec doi:10.3389/fpls.2016.00726 |
op_rights |
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Wageningen University & Research |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2016.00726 |
container_title |
Frontiers in Plant Science |
container_volume |
7 |
_version_ |
1790605263866167296 |