Release and uptake of volatile inorganic and organic gases through the snowpack at Niwot Ridge, Colorado
Whole air drawn from four heights within the high elevation (3,340 m asl), deep, winter snowpack at Niwot Ridge, Colorado, were sampled into stainless steel canisters, and subsequently analyzed by gas chromatography for 51 volatile inorganic and organic gases. Two adjacent plots with similar snow co...
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2009
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Online Access: | https://research.wur.nl/en/publications/release-and-uptake-of-volatile-inorganic-and-organic-gases-throug https://doi.org/10.1007/s10533-009-9326-8 |
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ftunivwagenin:oai:library.wur.nl:wurpubs/381509 2024-01-21T10:06:44+01:00 Release and uptake of volatile inorganic and organic gases through the snowpack at Niwot Ridge, Colorado Helmig, D. Apel, E. Blake, D. Ganzeveld, L.N. Lefer, B.L. Meinardi, S. Swanson, A.L. 2009 application/pdf https://research.wur.nl/en/publications/release-and-uptake-of-volatile-inorganic-and-organic-gases-throug https://doi.org/10.1007/s10533-009-9326-8 en eng https://edepot.wur.nl/10380 https://research.wur.nl/en/publications/release-and-uptake-of-volatile-inorganic-and-organic-gases-throug doi:10.1007/s10533-009-9326-8 info:eu-repo/semantics/restrictedAccess Wageningen University & Research Biogeochemistry 95 (2009) 1 ISSN: 0168-2563 air atmospheric methyl-bromide carbonyl sulfide ocs coastal salt-marsh eastern china exchange fluxes greenland soil summit info:eu-repo/semantics/article Article/Letter to editor info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion 2009 ftunivwagenin https://doi.org/10.1007/s10533-009-9326-8 2023-12-27T23:15:29Z Whole air drawn from four heights within the high elevation (3,340 m asl), deep, winter snowpack at Niwot Ridge, Colorado, were sampled into stainless steel canisters, and subsequently analyzed by gas chromatography for 51 volatile inorganic and organic gases. Two adjacent plots with similar snow cover were sampled, one over bare soil and a second one from within a snow-filled chamber where Tedlar/Teflon-film covered the ground and isolated it from the soil. This comparison allowed for studying effects from processes in the snowpack itself versus soil influences on the gas concentrations and fluxes within and through the snowpack. Samples were also collected from ambient air above the snow surface for comparison with the snowpack air. Analyzed gas species were found to exhibit three different kinds of behavior: (1) One group of gases, i.e., carbon dioxide (CO2), chloroform (CHCl3), dimethylsulfide (CH3)2S, carbondisulfide (CS2), and dichlorobromomethane (CHBrCl2), displayed higher concentrations inside the snow, indicating a formation of these species and release into the atmosphere. (2) A second group of compounds, including carbon monoxide (CO), carbonyl sulfide (COS), the hydrocarbons methane, ethane, ethyne, benzene, and the halogenated compounds methylchloride (CH3Cl), methylbromide (CH3Br), dibromomethane (CH2Br2), bromoform (CHBr3), tetrachloromethane (CCl4), CFC-11, CFC-12, HCFC-22, CFC-113, 1,2-dichloroethane, methylchloroform, HCFC-141b, and HCFC-142b, were found at lower concentrations in the snow, indicating that the snow and/or soil constitute a sink for these gases. (3) For 21 other gases absolute concentrations, respectively concentration gradients, were too low to unequivocally identify their uptake or release behavior. For gases listed in the first two groups, concentration gradients were incorporated into a snowpack gas diffusion model to derive preliminary estimates of fluxes at the snow-atmosphere interface. The snowpack gradient flux technique was found to offer a highly sensitive method for ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Greenland Wageningen UR (University & Research Centre): Digital Library Greenland Biogeochemistry 95 1 167 183 |
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Open Polar |
collection |
Wageningen UR (University & Research Centre): Digital Library |
op_collection_id |
ftunivwagenin |
language |
English |
topic |
air atmospheric methyl-bromide carbonyl sulfide ocs coastal salt-marsh eastern china exchange fluxes greenland soil summit |
spellingShingle |
air atmospheric methyl-bromide carbonyl sulfide ocs coastal salt-marsh eastern china exchange fluxes greenland soil summit Helmig, D. Apel, E. Blake, D. Ganzeveld, L.N. Lefer, B.L. Meinardi, S. Swanson, A.L. Release and uptake of volatile inorganic and organic gases through the snowpack at Niwot Ridge, Colorado |
topic_facet |
air atmospheric methyl-bromide carbonyl sulfide ocs coastal salt-marsh eastern china exchange fluxes greenland soil summit |
description |
Whole air drawn from four heights within the high elevation (3,340 m asl), deep, winter snowpack at Niwot Ridge, Colorado, were sampled into stainless steel canisters, and subsequently analyzed by gas chromatography for 51 volatile inorganic and organic gases. Two adjacent plots with similar snow cover were sampled, one over bare soil and a second one from within a snow-filled chamber where Tedlar/Teflon-film covered the ground and isolated it from the soil. This comparison allowed for studying effects from processes in the snowpack itself versus soil influences on the gas concentrations and fluxes within and through the snowpack. Samples were also collected from ambient air above the snow surface for comparison with the snowpack air. Analyzed gas species were found to exhibit three different kinds of behavior: (1) One group of gases, i.e., carbon dioxide (CO2), chloroform (CHCl3), dimethylsulfide (CH3)2S, carbondisulfide (CS2), and dichlorobromomethane (CHBrCl2), displayed higher concentrations inside the snow, indicating a formation of these species and release into the atmosphere. (2) A second group of compounds, including carbon monoxide (CO), carbonyl sulfide (COS), the hydrocarbons methane, ethane, ethyne, benzene, and the halogenated compounds methylchloride (CH3Cl), methylbromide (CH3Br), dibromomethane (CH2Br2), bromoform (CHBr3), tetrachloromethane (CCl4), CFC-11, CFC-12, HCFC-22, CFC-113, 1,2-dichloroethane, methylchloroform, HCFC-141b, and HCFC-142b, were found at lower concentrations in the snow, indicating that the snow and/or soil constitute a sink for these gases. (3) For 21 other gases absolute concentrations, respectively concentration gradients, were too low to unequivocally identify their uptake or release behavior. For gases listed in the first two groups, concentration gradients were incorporated into a snowpack gas diffusion model to derive preliminary estimates of fluxes at the snow-atmosphere interface. The snowpack gradient flux technique was found to offer a highly sensitive method for ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Helmig, D. Apel, E. Blake, D. Ganzeveld, L.N. Lefer, B.L. Meinardi, S. Swanson, A.L. |
author_facet |
Helmig, D. Apel, E. Blake, D. Ganzeveld, L.N. Lefer, B.L. Meinardi, S. Swanson, A.L. |
author_sort |
Helmig, D. |
title |
Release and uptake of volatile inorganic and organic gases through the snowpack at Niwot Ridge, Colorado |
title_short |
Release and uptake of volatile inorganic and organic gases through the snowpack at Niwot Ridge, Colorado |
title_full |
Release and uptake of volatile inorganic and organic gases through the snowpack at Niwot Ridge, Colorado |
title_fullStr |
Release and uptake of volatile inorganic and organic gases through the snowpack at Niwot Ridge, Colorado |
title_full_unstemmed |
Release and uptake of volatile inorganic and organic gases through the snowpack at Niwot Ridge, Colorado |
title_sort |
release and uptake of volatile inorganic and organic gases through the snowpack at niwot ridge, colorado |
publishDate |
2009 |
url |
https://research.wur.nl/en/publications/release-and-uptake-of-volatile-inorganic-and-organic-gases-throug https://doi.org/10.1007/s10533-009-9326-8 |
geographic |
Greenland |
geographic_facet |
Greenland |
genre |
Greenland |
genre_facet |
Greenland |
op_source |
Biogeochemistry 95 (2009) 1 ISSN: 0168-2563 |
op_relation |
https://edepot.wur.nl/10380 https://research.wur.nl/en/publications/release-and-uptake-of-volatile-inorganic-and-organic-gases-throug doi:10.1007/s10533-009-9326-8 |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/restrictedAccess Wageningen University & Research |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10533-009-9326-8 |
container_title |
Biogeochemistry |
container_volume |
95 |
container_issue |
1 |
container_start_page |
167 |
op_container_end_page |
183 |
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1788697211865923584 |