First insights into the biodiversity and biogeography of the Southern Ocean deep sea
Shallow marine benthic communities around Antarctica show high levels of endemism, gigantism, slow growth, longevity and late maturity, as well as adaptive radiations that have generated considerable biodiversity in some taxa. The deeper parts of the Southern Ocean exhibit some unique environmental...
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ftunivwagenin:oai:library.wur.nl:wurpubs/355389 2024-01-14T10:01:38+01:00 First insights into the biodiversity and biogeography of the Southern Ocean deep sea Brandt, A. Gooday, A.J. Brandao, S.N. de Mesel, I.G. 2007 application/pdf https://research.wur.nl/en/publications/first-insights-into-the-biodiversity-and-biogeography-of-the-sout https://doi.org/10.1038/nature05827 en eng https://edepot.wur.nl/36654 https://research.wur.nl/en/publications/first-insights-into-the-biodiversity-and-biogeography-of-the-sout doi:10.1038/nature05827 info:eu-repo/semantics/restrictedAccess Wageningen University & Research Nature 447 (2007) 7142 ISSN: 0028-0836 antarctica benthic diversity crustacea ecology foraminifera origin peracarida scale species-diversity weddell sea info:eu-repo/semantics/article Article/Letter to editor info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion 2007 ftunivwagenin https://doi.org/10.1038/nature05827 2023-12-20T23:19:35Z Shallow marine benthic communities around Antarctica show high levels of endemism, gigantism, slow growth, longevity and late maturity, as well as adaptive radiations that have generated considerable biodiversity in some taxa. The deeper parts of the Southern Ocean exhibit some unique environmental features, including a very deep continental shelf and a weakly stratified water column, and are the source for much of the deep water in the world ocean. These features suggest that deep-sea faunas around the Antarctic may be related both to adjacent shelf communities and to those in other oceans. Unlike shallow-water Antarctic benthic communities, however, little is known about life in this vast deep-sea region. Here, we report new data from recent sampling expeditions in the deep Weddell Sea and adjacent areas (748-6,348 m water depth) that reveal high levels of new biodiversity; for example, 674 isopods species, of which 585 were new to science. Bathymetric and biogeographic trends varied between taxa. In groups such as the isopods and polychaetes, slope assemblages included species that have invaded from the shelf. In other taxa, the shelf and slope assemblages were more distinct. Abyssal faunas tended to have stronger links to other oceans, particularly the Atlantic, but mainly in taxa with good dispersal capabilities, such as the Foraminifera. The isopods, ostracods and nematodes, which are poor dispersers, include many species currently known only from the Southern Ocean. Our findings challenge suggestions that deep-sea diversity is depressed in the Southern Ocean and provide a basis for exploring the evolutionary significance of the varied biogeographic patterns observed in this remote environment. Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica Southern Ocean Weddell Sea Wageningen UR (University & Research Centre): Digital Library Antarctic Southern Ocean The Antarctic Weddell Sea Weddell Nature 447 7142 307 311 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Wageningen UR (University & Research Centre): Digital Library |
op_collection_id |
ftunivwagenin |
language |
English |
topic |
antarctica benthic diversity crustacea ecology foraminifera origin peracarida scale species-diversity weddell sea |
spellingShingle |
antarctica benthic diversity crustacea ecology foraminifera origin peracarida scale species-diversity weddell sea Brandt, A. Gooday, A.J. Brandao, S.N. de Mesel, I.G. First insights into the biodiversity and biogeography of the Southern Ocean deep sea |
topic_facet |
antarctica benthic diversity crustacea ecology foraminifera origin peracarida scale species-diversity weddell sea |
description |
Shallow marine benthic communities around Antarctica show high levels of endemism, gigantism, slow growth, longevity and late maturity, as well as adaptive radiations that have generated considerable biodiversity in some taxa. The deeper parts of the Southern Ocean exhibit some unique environmental features, including a very deep continental shelf and a weakly stratified water column, and are the source for much of the deep water in the world ocean. These features suggest that deep-sea faunas around the Antarctic may be related both to adjacent shelf communities and to those in other oceans. Unlike shallow-water Antarctic benthic communities, however, little is known about life in this vast deep-sea region. Here, we report new data from recent sampling expeditions in the deep Weddell Sea and adjacent areas (748-6,348 m water depth) that reveal high levels of new biodiversity; for example, 674 isopods species, of which 585 were new to science. Bathymetric and biogeographic trends varied between taxa. In groups such as the isopods and polychaetes, slope assemblages included species that have invaded from the shelf. In other taxa, the shelf and slope assemblages were more distinct. Abyssal faunas tended to have stronger links to other oceans, particularly the Atlantic, but mainly in taxa with good dispersal capabilities, such as the Foraminifera. The isopods, ostracods and nematodes, which are poor dispersers, include many species currently known only from the Southern Ocean. Our findings challenge suggestions that deep-sea diversity is depressed in the Southern Ocean and provide a basis for exploring the evolutionary significance of the varied biogeographic patterns observed in this remote environment. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Brandt, A. Gooday, A.J. Brandao, S.N. de Mesel, I.G. |
author_facet |
Brandt, A. Gooday, A.J. Brandao, S.N. de Mesel, I.G. |
author_sort |
Brandt, A. |
title |
First insights into the biodiversity and biogeography of the Southern Ocean deep sea |
title_short |
First insights into the biodiversity and biogeography of the Southern Ocean deep sea |
title_full |
First insights into the biodiversity and biogeography of the Southern Ocean deep sea |
title_fullStr |
First insights into the biodiversity and biogeography of the Southern Ocean deep sea |
title_full_unstemmed |
First insights into the biodiversity and biogeography of the Southern Ocean deep sea |
title_sort |
first insights into the biodiversity and biogeography of the southern ocean deep sea |
publishDate |
2007 |
url |
https://research.wur.nl/en/publications/first-insights-into-the-biodiversity-and-biogeography-of-the-sout https://doi.org/10.1038/nature05827 |
geographic |
Antarctic Southern Ocean The Antarctic Weddell Sea Weddell |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic Southern Ocean The Antarctic Weddell Sea Weddell |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica Southern Ocean Weddell Sea |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica Southern Ocean Weddell Sea |
op_source |
Nature 447 (2007) 7142 ISSN: 0028-0836 |
op_relation |
https://edepot.wur.nl/36654 https://research.wur.nl/en/publications/first-insights-into-the-biodiversity-and-biogeography-of-the-sout doi:10.1038/nature05827 |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/restrictedAccess Wageningen University & Research |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1038/nature05827 |
container_title |
Nature |
container_volume |
447 |
container_issue |
7142 |
container_start_page |
307 |
op_container_end_page |
311 |
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1788067387283603456 |