Mass balance of the Greenland Ice Sheet from 1992 to 2018
In recent decades, the Greenland Ice Sheet has been a major contributor to global sea-level rise1,2, and it is expected to be so in the future3. Although increases in glacier flow4–6 and surface melting7–9 have been driven by oceanic10–12 and atmospheric13,14 warming, the degree and trajectory of to...
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ftunivutrecht:oai:dspace.library.uu.nl:1874/407943 2023-11-12T04:17:28+01:00 Mass balance of the Greenland Ice Sheet from 1992 to 2018 Shepherd, Andrew Ivins, Erik Rignot, Eric Smith, Ben van den Broeke, Michiel Velicogna, Isabella Whitehouse, Pippa Briggs, Kate Joughin, Ian Krinner, Gerhard Nowicki, Sophie Payne, Tony Scambos, Ted Schlegel, Nicole Geruo, A. Agosta, Cécile Ahlstrøm, Andreas Babonis, Greg Barletta, Valentina R. Bjørk, Anders A. Blazquez, Alejandro Bonin, Jennifer Colgan, William Csatho, Beata Cullather, Richard Engdahl, Marcus E. Felikson, Denis Fettweis, Xavier Forsberg, Rene Hogg, Anna E. Gallee, Hubert Gardner, Alex Gilbert, Lin Gourmelen, Noel Groh, Andreas Gunter, Brian Hanna, Edward Harig, Christopher Helm, Veit Horvath, Alexander Horwath, Martin Khan, Shfaqat Kjeldsen, Kristian K. Konrad, Hannes Langen, Peter L. Lecavalier, Benoit Loomis, Bryant Luthcke, Scott McMillan, Malcolm Melini, Daniele Mernild, Sebastian Mohajerani, Yara Moore, Philip Mottram, Ruth Mouginot, Jeremie Moyano, Gorka Muir, Alan Nagler, Thomas Nield, Grace Nilsson, Johan Noël, Brice Otosaka, Ines Pattle, Mark E. Peltier, W. Richard Pie, Nadège Rietbroek, Roelof Rott, Helmut Sørensen, Louise Sandberg Sasgen, Ingo Save, Himanshu Scheuchl, Bernd Schrama, Ernst Schröder, Ludwig Seo, Ki-Weon Simonsen, Sebastian B. Slater, Thomas Spada, Giorgio Sutterley, Tyler Talpe, Matthieu Tarasov, Lev Jan van de Berg, Willem van der Wal, Wouter van Wessem, Melchior Vishwakarma, Bramha Dutt Wiese, David Wilton, David Wagner, Thomas Wouters, Bert Wuite, Jan Team, The IMBIE Marine and Atmospheric Research Sub Dynamics Meteorology 2020 application/pdf https://dspace.library.uu.nl/handle/1874/407943 en eng 1476-4687 https://dspace.library.uu.nl/handle/1874/407943 info:eu-repo/semantics/OpenAccess Taverne Article 2020 ftunivutrecht 2023-11-01T23:23:49Z In recent decades, the Greenland Ice Sheet has been a major contributor to global sea-level rise1,2, and it is expected to be so in the future3. Although increases in glacier flow4–6 and surface melting7–9 have been driven by oceanic10–12 and atmospheric13,14 warming, the degree and trajectory of today’s imbalance remain uncertain. Here we compare and combine 26 individual satellite measurements of changes in the ice sheet’s volume, flow and gravitational potential to produce a reconciled estimate of its mass balance. Although the ice sheet was close to a state of balance in the 1990s, annual losses have risen since then, peaking at 335 ± 62 billion tonnes per year in 2011. In all, Greenland lost 3,800 ± 339 billion tonnes of ice between 1992 and 2018, causing the mean sea level to rise by 10.6 ± 0.9 millimetres. Using three regional climate models, we show that reduced surface mass balance has driven 1,971 ± 555 billion tonnes (52 of the ice loss owing to increased meltwater runoff. The remaining 1,827 ± 538 billion tonnes (48 of ice loss was due to increased glacier discharge, which rose from 41 ± 37 billion tonnes per year in the 1990s to 87 ± 25 billion tonnes per year since then. Between 2013 and 2017, the total rate of ice loss slowed to 217 ± 32 billion tonnes per year, on average, as atmospheric circulation favoured cooler conditions15 and as ocean temperatures fell at the terminus of Jakobshavn Isbræ16. Cumulative ice losses from Greenland as a whole have been close to the IPCC’s predicted rates for their high-end climate warming scenario17, which forecast an additional 50 to 120 millimetres of global sea-level rise by 2100 when compared to their central estimate. Article in Journal/Newspaper glacier Greenland Ice Sheet Jakobshavn Utrecht University Repository Greenland |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Utrecht University Repository |
op_collection_id |
ftunivutrecht |
language |
English |
topic |
Taverne |
spellingShingle |
Taverne Shepherd, Andrew Ivins, Erik Rignot, Eric Smith, Ben van den Broeke, Michiel Velicogna, Isabella Whitehouse, Pippa Briggs, Kate Joughin, Ian Krinner, Gerhard Nowicki, Sophie Payne, Tony Scambos, Ted Schlegel, Nicole Geruo, A. Agosta, Cécile Ahlstrøm, Andreas Babonis, Greg Barletta, Valentina R. Bjørk, Anders A. Blazquez, Alejandro Bonin, Jennifer Colgan, William Csatho, Beata Cullather, Richard Engdahl, Marcus E. Felikson, Denis Fettweis, Xavier Forsberg, Rene Hogg, Anna E. Gallee, Hubert Gardner, Alex Gilbert, Lin Gourmelen, Noel Groh, Andreas Gunter, Brian Hanna, Edward Harig, Christopher Helm, Veit Horvath, Alexander Horwath, Martin Khan, Shfaqat Kjeldsen, Kristian K. Konrad, Hannes Langen, Peter L. Lecavalier, Benoit Loomis, Bryant Luthcke, Scott McMillan, Malcolm Melini, Daniele Mernild, Sebastian Mohajerani, Yara Moore, Philip Mottram, Ruth Mouginot, Jeremie Moyano, Gorka Muir, Alan Nagler, Thomas Nield, Grace Nilsson, Johan Noël, Brice Otosaka, Ines Pattle, Mark E. Peltier, W. Richard Pie, Nadège Rietbroek, Roelof Rott, Helmut Sørensen, Louise Sandberg Sasgen, Ingo Save, Himanshu Scheuchl, Bernd Schrama, Ernst Schröder, Ludwig Seo, Ki-Weon Simonsen, Sebastian B. Slater, Thomas Spada, Giorgio Sutterley, Tyler Talpe, Matthieu Tarasov, Lev Jan van de Berg, Willem van der Wal, Wouter van Wessem, Melchior Vishwakarma, Bramha Dutt Wiese, David Wilton, David Wagner, Thomas Wouters, Bert Wuite, Jan Team, The IMBIE Mass balance of the Greenland Ice Sheet from 1992 to 2018 |
topic_facet |
Taverne |
description |
In recent decades, the Greenland Ice Sheet has been a major contributor to global sea-level rise1,2, and it is expected to be so in the future3. Although increases in glacier flow4–6 and surface melting7–9 have been driven by oceanic10–12 and atmospheric13,14 warming, the degree and trajectory of today’s imbalance remain uncertain. Here we compare and combine 26 individual satellite measurements of changes in the ice sheet’s volume, flow and gravitational potential to produce a reconciled estimate of its mass balance. Although the ice sheet was close to a state of balance in the 1990s, annual losses have risen since then, peaking at 335 ± 62 billion tonnes per year in 2011. In all, Greenland lost 3,800 ± 339 billion tonnes of ice between 1992 and 2018, causing the mean sea level to rise by 10.6 ± 0.9 millimetres. Using three regional climate models, we show that reduced surface mass balance has driven 1,971 ± 555 billion tonnes (52 of the ice loss owing to increased meltwater runoff. The remaining 1,827 ± 538 billion tonnes (48 of ice loss was due to increased glacier discharge, which rose from 41 ± 37 billion tonnes per year in the 1990s to 87 ± 25 billion tonnes per year since then. Between 2013 and 2017, the total rate of ice loss slowed to 217 ± 32 billion tonnes per year, on average, as atmospheric circulation favoured cooler conditions15 and as ocean temperatures fell at the terminus of Jakobshavn Isbræ16. Cumulative ice losses from Greenland as a whole have been close to the IPCC’s predicted rates for their high-end climate warming scenario17, which forecast an additional 50 to 120 millimetres of global sea-level rise by 2100 when compared to their central estimate. |
author2 |
Marine and Atmospheric Research Sub Dynamics Meteorology |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Shepherd, Andrew Ivins, Erik Rignot, Eric Smith, Ben van den Broeke, Michiel Velicogna, Isabella Whitehouse, Pippa Briggs, Kate Joughin, Ian Krinner, Gerhard Nowicki, Sophie Payne, Tony Scambos, Ted Schlegel, Nicole Geruo, A. Agosta, Cécile Ahlstrøm, Andreas Babonis, Greg Barletta, Valentina R. Bjørk, Anders A. Blazquez, Alejandro Bonin, Jennifer Colgan, William Csatho, Beata Cullather, Richard Engdahl, Marcus E. Felikson, Denis Fettweis, Xavier Forsberg, Rene Hogg, Anna E. Gallee, Hubert Gardner, Alex Gilbert, Lin Gourmelen, Noel Groh, Andreas Gunter, Brian Hanna, Edward Harig, Christopher Helm, Veit Horvath, Alexander Horwath, Martin Khan, Shfaqat Kjeldsen, Kristian K. Konrad, Hannes Langen, Peter L. Lecavalier, Benoit Loomis, Bryant Luthcke, Scott McMillan, Malcolm Melini, Daniele Mernild, Sebastian Mohajerani, Yara Moore, Philip Mottram, Ruth Mouginot, Jeremie Moyano, Gorka Muir, Alan Nagler, Thomas Nield, Grace Nilsson, Johan Noël, Brice Otosaka, Ines Pattle, Mark E. Peltier, W. Richard Pie, Nadège Rietbroek, Roelof Rott, Helmut Sørensen, Louise Sandberg Sasgen, Ingo Save, Himanshu Scheuchl, Bernd Schrama, Ernst Schröder, Ludwig Seo, Ki-Weon Simonsen, Sebastian B. Slater, Thomas Spada, Giorgio Sutterley, Tyler Talpe, Matthieu Tarasov, Lev Jan van de Berg, Willem van der Wal, Wouter van Wessem, Melchior Vishwakarma, Bramha Dutt Wiese, David Wilton, David Wagner, Thomas Wouters, Bert Wuite, Jan Team, The IMBIE |
author_facet |
Shepherd, Andrew Ivins, Erik Rignot, Eric Smith, Ben van den Broeke, Michiel Velicogna, Isabella Whitehouse, Pippa Briggs, Kate Joughin, Ian Krinner, Gerhard Nowicki, Sophie Payne, Tony Scambos, Ted Schlegel, Nicole Geruo, A. Agosta, Cécile Ahlstrøm, Andreas Babonis, Greg Barletta, Valentina R. Bjørk, Anders A. Blazquez, Alejandro Bonin, Jennifer Colgan, William Csatho, Beata Cullather, Richard Engdahl, Marcus E. Felikson, Denis Fettweis, Xavier Forsberg, Rene Hogg, Anna E. Gallee, Hubert Gardner, Alex Gilbert, Lin Gourmelen, Noel Groh, Andreas Gunter, Brian Hanna, Edward Harig, Christopher Helm, Veit Horvath, Alexander Horwath, Martin Khan, Shfaqat Kjeldsen, Kristian K. Konrad, Hannes Langen, Peter L. Lecavalier, Benoit Loomis, Bryant Luthcke, Scott McMillan, Malcolm Melini, Daniele Mernild, Sebastian Mohajerani, Yara Moore, Philip Mottram, Ruth Mouginot, Jeremie Moyano, Gorka Muir, Alan Nagler, Thomas Nield, Grace Nilsson, Johan Noël, Brice Otosaka, Ines Pattle, Mark E. Peltier, W. Richard Pie, Nadège Rietbroek, Roelof Rott, Helmut Sørensen, Louise Sandberg Sasgen, Ingo Save, Himanshu Scheuchl, Bernd Schrama, Ernst Schröder, Ludwig Seo, Ki-Weon Simonsen, Sebastian B. Slater, Thomas Spada, Giorgio Sutterley, Tyler Talpe, Matthieu Tarasov, Lev Jan van de Berg, Willem van der Wal, Wouter van Wessem, Melchior Vishwakarma, Bramha Dutt Wiese, David Wilton, David Wagner, Thomas Wouters, Bert Wuite, Jan Team, The IMBIE |
author_sort |
Shepherd, Andrew |
title |
Mass balance of the Greenland Ice Sheet from 1992 to 2018 |
title_short |
Mass balance of the Greenland Ice Sheet from 1992 to 2018 |
title_full |
Mass balance of the Greenland Ice Sheet from 1992 to 2018 |
title_fullStr |
Mass balance of the Greenland Ice Sheet from 1992 to 2018 |
title_full_unstemmed |
Mass balance of the Greenland Ice Sheet from 1992 to 2018 |
title_sort |
mass balance of the greenland ice sheet from 1992 to 2018 |
publishDate |
2020 |
url |
https://dspace.library.uu.nl/handle/1874/407943 |
geographic |
Greenland |
geographic_facet |
Greenland |
genre |
glacier Greenland Ice Sheet Jakobshavn |
genre_facet |
glacier Greenland Ice Sheet Jakobshavn |
op_relation |
1476-4687 https://dspace.library.uu.nl/handle/1874/407943 |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/OpenAccess |
_version_ |
1782334343051476992 |