Ancient MtDNA sequences from prehistoric north american arctic populations
dissertation This study set out to sequence the hypervariable segment-I (HVS-I) of the mitochondrial genome from prehistoric skeletal remains associated with Aleut, Sadlermiut, Dorset and Thule groups in Northern North America in an effort to gain insight into their genetic prehistories. Sequences o...
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ftunivutah:oai:collections.lib.utah.edu:ir_etd/1341634 2023-05-15T13:14:27+02:00 Ancient MtDNA sequences from prehistoric north american arctic populations Doctor of Philosophy Arismendi, Jacquel Lynn College of Social & Behavioral Science Anthropology 2015 application/pdf https://collections.lib.utah.edu/ark:/87278/s6nd052h eng eng University of Utah https://collections.lib.utah.edu/ark:/87278/s6nd052h ©Jacquel Lynn Arismendi Ancient DNA Mitochondrial DNA Molecular Anthropology North American Arctic Population prehistory Text 2015 ftunivutah 2021-06-03T18:20:16Z dissertation This study set out to sequence the hypervariable segment-I (HVS-I) of the mitochondrial genome from prehistoric skeletal remains associated with Aleut, Sadlermiut, Dorset and Thule groups in Northern North America in an effort to gain insight into their genetic prehistories. Sequences obtained from said ancient populations (Aleut n=6; Sadlermiut n=7; Thule (partial sequences) n=3) were compared to each other as well as those from contemporary and prehistoric populations in the surrounding area. The prehistoric populations under investigation harbored matrilineages typically found in circum-Arctic populations throughout time: A2, A2a, A2b1, D2/D2a’b/D2a/D2a1 and D4b1a2a1. Ancient Aleuts exhibited HVS-I polymorphisms associated with haplogroups A2a, D2 and D2a’b, while the Sadlermiut were characterized as A2b1 and D4b1a2a1. Partial Thule HVS-I sequences indicate A2 but preclude definitive assignment to A2, A2a or A2b1 until the remaining portion of HVS-I is sequenced. The results indicate ancient Aleuts across time exhibit affinities with the Unangax̂ (modern Aleuts); however, population movement or genetic exchange with neighbors to the east cannot be ruled out at this time. Ancient Aleuts were also found to have a greater matrilineal genetic similarity to Chukotkan populations (Chukchi and Siberian Yuit), rather than those from Kamchatka (Koryak and Itel’men). This genetic similarity/dissimilarity provides additional corroboration for colonization of the Aleutian archipelago being initiated from the east rather than the west. The isolated eastern Arctic Sadlermiut population, on the other hand, was shown to have affinities with contemporary Eskimo (Inuit and Iñupiat). The implications of this points towards the Sadlermiut having Neo-Eskimo rather than Paleo-Eskimo ancestry and echoes previous findings of matrilineal discontinuity in the eastern Arctic. The mtDNA (mitochondrial deoxyribonucleic acid) profiles of the ancient populations in this study are also congruent with results from other mtDNA studies indicating the genetic prehistory of the Neo-Eskimo was distinct from that of the Paleo-Eskimo and inhabitants of the Aleutians. Overall the findings in this study speak to matrilineal genetic relationships of prehistoric and contemporary populations in the most northern stretches of the New World while touching upon population movements in the region. Text aleut Arctic Arctic Population Chukchi eskimo* inuit Kamchatka Koryak Paleo-Eskimo The University of Utah: J. Willard Marriott Digital Library Arctic |
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The University of Utah: J. Willard Marriott Digital Library |
op_collection_id |
ftunivutah |
language |
English |
topic |
Ancient DNA Mitochondrial DNA Molecular Anthropology North American Arctic Population prehistory |
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Ancient DNA Mitochondrial DNA Molecular Anthropology North American Arctic Population prehistory Arismendi, Jacquel Lynn Ancient MtDNA sequences from prehistoric north american arctic populations |
topic_facet |
Ancient DNA Mitochondrial DNA Molecular Anthropology North American Arctic Population prehistory |
description |
dissertation This study set out to sequence the hypervariable segment-I (HVS-I) of the mitochondrial genome from prehistoric skeletal remains associated with Aleut, Sadlermiut, Dorset and Thule groups in Northern North America in an effort to gain insight into their genetic prehistories. Sequences obtained from said ancient populations (Aleut n=6; Sadlermiut n=7; Thule (partial sequences) n=3) were compared to each other as well as those from contemporary and prehistoric populations in the surrounding area. The prehistoric populations under investigation harbored matrilineages typically found in circum-Arctic populations throughout time: A2, A2a, A2b1, D2/D2a’b/D2a/D2a1 and D4b1a2a1. Ancient Aleuts exhibited HVS-I polymorphisms associated with haplogroups A2a, D2 and D2a’b, while the Sadlermiut were characterized as A2b1 and D4b1a2a1. Partial Thule HVS-I sequences indicate A2 but preclude definitive assignment to A2, A2a or A2b1 until the remaining portion of HVS-I is sequenced. The results indicate ancient Aleuts across time exhibit affinities with the Unangax̂ (modern Aleuts); however, population movement or genetic exchange with neighbors to the east cannot be ruled out at this time. Ancient Aleuts were also found to have a greater matrilineal genetic similarity to Chukotkan populations (Chukchi and Siberian Yuit), rather than those from Kamchatka (Koryak and Itel’men). This genetic similarity/dissimilarity provides additional corroboration for colonization of the Aleutian archipelago being initiated from the east rather than the west. The isolated eastern Arctic Sadlermiut population, on the other hand, was shown to have affinities with contemporary Eskimo (Inuit and Iñupiat). The implications of this points towards the Sadlermiut having Neo-Eskimo rather than Paleo-Eskimo ancestry and echoes previous findings of matrilineal discontinuity in the eastern Arctic. The mtDNA (mitochondrial deoxyribonucleic acid) profiles of the ancient populations in this study are also congruent with results from other mtDNA studies indicating the genetic prehistory of the Neo-Eskimo was distinct from that of the Paleo-Eskimo and inhabitants of the Aleutians. Overall the findings in this study speak to matrilineal genetic relationships of prehistoric and contemporary populations in the most northern stretches of the New World while touching upon population movements in the region. |
author2 |
College of Social & Behavioral Science Anthropology |
format |
Text |
author |
Arismendi, Jacquel Lynn |
author_facet |
Arismendi, Jacquel Lynn |
author_sort |
Arismendi, Jacquel Lynn |
title |
Ancient MtDNA sequences from prehistoric north american arctic populations |
title_short |
Ancient MtDNA sequences from prehistoric north american arctic populations |
title_full |
Ancient MtDNA sequences from prehistoric north american arctic populations |
title_fullStr |
Ancient MtDNA sequences from prehistoric north american arctic populations |
title_full_unstemmed |
Ancient MtDNA sequences from prehistoric north american arctic populations |
title_sort |
ancient mtdna sequences from prehistoric north american arctic populations |
publisher |
University of Utah |
publishDate |
2015 |
url |
https://collections.lib.utah.edu/ark:/87278/s6nd052h |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
aleut Arctic Arctic Population Chukchi eskimo* inuit Kamchatka Koryak Paleo-Eskimo |
genre_facet |
aleut Arctic Arctic Population Chukchi eskimo* inuit Kamchatka Koryak Paleo-Eskimo |
op_relation |
https://collections.lib.utah.edu/ark:/87278/s6nd052h |
op_rights |
©Jacquel Lynn Arismendi |
_version_ |
1766263761937629184 |