Time spent in distinct life history stages has sex-specific effects on reproductive fitness in wild Atlantic salmon
In species with complex life cycles, life history theory predicts that fitness is affected by conditions encountered in previous life history stages. Here, we use a 4-year pedigree to investigate if time spent in two distinct life history stages has sex-specific reproductive fitness consequences in...
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ftunivturku:oai:www.utupub.fi:10024/166099 2023-05-15T15:31:02+02:00 Time spent in distinct life history stages has sex-specific effects on reproductive fitness in wild Atlantic salmon Mikko Ellmén Jaakko Erkinaro Hanna Granroth-Wilding Kenyon B. Mobley Panu Orell Craig R. Primmer fysiologia ja genetiikka, Physiology and Genetics 2606404 2022-10-28T13:35:58Z 1173 1184 https://www.utupub.fi/handle/10024/166099 en eng WILEY Britannia United Kingdom GB 29 10.1111/mec.15390 Molecular Ecology 6 https://www.utupub.fi/handle/10024/166099 URN:NBN:fi-fe2021042822452 1365-294X 0962-1083 2022 ftunivturku 2022-11-03T00:01:25Z In species with complex life cycles, life history theory predicts that fitness is affected by conditions encountered in previous life history stages. Here, we use a 4-year pedigree to investigate if time spent in two distinct life history stages has sex-specific reproductive fitness consequences in anadromous Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar). We determined the amount of years spent in fresh water as juveniles (freshwater age, FW, measured in years), and years spent in the marine environment as adults (sea age, SW, measured in sea winters) on 264 sexually mature adults collected on a river spawning ground. We then estimated reproductive fitness as the number of offspring (reproductive success) and the number of mates (mating success) using genetic parentage analysis (>5,000 offspring). Sea age is significantly and positively correlated with reproductive and mating success of both sexes whereby older and larger individuals gained the highest reproductive fitness benefits (females: 62.2% increase in offspring/SW and 34.8% increase in mate number/SW; males: 201.9% offspring/SW and 60.3% mates/SW). Younger freshwater age was significantly related to older sea age and thus increased reproductive fitness, but only among females (females: -33.9% offspring/FW and -32.4% mates/FW). This result implies that females can obtain higher reproductive fitness by transitioning to the marine environment earlier. In contrast, male mating and reproductive success was unaffected by freshwater age and more males returned at a younger age than females despite the reproductive fitness advantage of later sea age maturation. Our results show that the timing of transitions between juvenile and adult phases has a sex-specific consequence on female reproductive fitness, demonstrating a life history trade-off between maturation and reproduction in wild Atlantic salmon. Other/Unknown Material Atlantic salmon Salmo salar University of Turku: UTUPub |
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University of Turku: UTUPub |
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ftunivturku |
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English |
description |
In species with complex life cycles, life history theory predicts that fitness is affected by conditions encountered in previous life history stages. Here, we use a 4-year pedigree to investigate if time spent in two distinct life history stages has sex-specific reproductive fitness consequences in anadromous Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar). We determined the amount of years spent in fresh water as juveniles (freshwater age, FW, measured in years), and years spent in the marine environment as adults (sea age, SW, measured in sea winters) on 264 sexually mature adults collected on a river spawning ground. We then estimated reproductive fitness as the number of offspring (reproductive success) and the number of mates (mating success) using genetic parentage analysis (>5,000 offspring). Sea age is significantly and positively correlated with reproductive and mating success of both sexes whereby older and larger individuals gained the highest reproductive fitness benefits (females: 62.2% increase in offspring/SW and 34.8% increase in mate number/SW; males: 201.9% offspring/SW and 60.3% mates/SW). Younger freshwater age was significantly related to older sea age and thus increased reproductive fitness, but only among females (females: -33.9% offspring/FW and -32.4% mates/FW). This result implies that females can obtain higher reproductive fitness by transitioning to the marine environment earlier. In contrast, male mating and reproductive success was unaffected by freshwater age and more males returned at a younger age than females despite the reproductive fitness advantage of later sea age maturation. Our results show that the timing of transitions between juvenile and adult phases has a sex-specific consequence on female reproductive fitness, demonstrating a life history trade-off between maturation and reproduction in wild Atlantic salmon. |
author2 |
fysiologia ja genetiikka, Physiology and Genetics 2606404 |
author |
Mikko Ellmén Jaakko Erkinaro Hanna Granroth-Wilding Kenyon B. Mobley Panu Orell Craig R. Primmer |
spellingShingle |
Mikko Ellmén Jaakko Erkinaro Hanna Granroth-Wilding Kenyon B. Mobley Panu Orell Craig R. Primmer Time spent in distinct life history stages has sex-specific effects on reproductive fitness in wild Atlantic salmon |
author_facet |
Mikko Ellmén Jaakko Erkinaro Hanna Granroth-Wilding Kenyon B. Mobley Panu Orell Craig R. Primmer |
author_sort |
Mikko Ellmén |
title |
Time spent in distinct life history stages has sex-specific effects on reproductive fitness in wild Atlantic salmon |
title_short |
Time spent in distinct life history stages has sex-specific effects on reproductive fitness in wild Atlantic salmon |
title_full |
Time spent in distinct life history stages has sex-specific effects on reproductive fitness in wild Atlantic salmon |
title_fullStr |
Time spent in distinct life history stages has sex-specific effects on reproductive fitness in wild Atlantic salmon |
title_full_unstemmed |
Time spent in distinct life history stages has sex-specific effects on reproductive fitness in wild Atlantic salmon |
title_sort |
time spent in distinct life history stages has sex-specific effects on reproductive fitness in wild atlantic salmon |
publisher |
WILEY |
publishDate |
2022 |
url |
https://www.utupub.fi/handle/10024/166099 |
genre |
Atlantic salmon Salmo salar |
genre_facet |
Atlantic salmon Salmo salar |
op_relation |
29 10.1111/mec.15390 Molecular Ecology 6 https://www.utupub.fi/handle/10024/166099 URN:NBN:fi-fe2021042822452 1365-294X 0962-1083 |
_version_ |
1766361529424281600 |