Seasonal adaptation, phenology and survival in gall-inducing sawflies (Tenthredinidae: Nematinae: Pontania)
The papers I and II of this thesis are not available in Munin. Paper I: Barstad, T. E. Nilssen, A. C.: “Hibernation adaptation and eclosion synchrony in leaf-galling sawflies in subarctic Norway”. Available in Polar Biology 2012, 35:1097-1103. Paper II: Barstad, T. E. Nilssen, A. C.: “Spring phenolo...
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ftunivtroemsoe:oai:munin.uit.no:10037/9911 2023-05-15T15:04:55+02:00 Seasonal adaptation, phenology and survival in gall-inducing sawflies (Tenthredinidae: Nematinae: Pontania) Barstad, Trond Elling 2016-11-04 https://hdl.handle.net/10037/9911 eng eng UiT The Arctic University of Norway UiT Norges arktiske universitet 978-82-8266-124-9 https://hdl.handle.net/10037/9911 openAccess Copyright 2016 The Author(s) VDP::Matematikk og Naturvitenskap: 400::Zoologiske og botaniske fag: 480 VDP::Mathematics and natural science: 400::Zoology and botany: 480 DOKTOR-002 Doctoral thesis Doktorgradsavhandling 2016 ftunivtroemsoe 2021-06-25T17:54:56Z The papers I and II of this thesis are not available in Munin. Paper I: Barstad, T. E. Nilssen, A. C.: “Hibernation adaptation and eclosion synchrony in leaf-galling sawflies in subarctic Norway”. Available in Polar Biology 2012, 35:1097-1103. Paper II: Barstad, T. E. Nilssen, A. C.: “Spring phenology and the response to global warming in gall-inducing sawflies”. Available in Polar Biology 2015, 38:1503-1513. The phenological adaptation of herbivorous insects in the Arctic may be particularly prone to the negative impact of the current global climate change. Increasing temporal dissociation with their plant resources, and to their natural enemies such as parasitoids may be detrimental for their survival. The life history adaptations for gall-inducing sawflies in the Arctic (Tenthredinidae: Nematinae: Pontania nivalis, P. glabrifrons and P. arcticornis) followed the common outline for overwintering insects. During winter hibernation, diapause intensity prevented resumption of morphogenesis in early winter and turned into a post-diapause quiescence mid-winter, in which response to temperature synchronizes spring eclosion. Hindcasts of temperature conditions in spring for the last 21 years revealed a highly significant advancement in dates of eclosion, an evidence of global warming. There were, however, large inter-annual differences in eclosion timing, which probably is caused by timing of the spring snow melt. In early spring there is a short phenological window of opportunity for oviposition on suitable willow (Salix spp).host resources. Females showed a non-discriminatory oviposition preference pattern that did not enhanced larval performance, however larval survival was high. This pattern is probably caused by a brief and early spring eclosion when host plant cues are lacking. In autumn, diapause preparation was shown to occur in response to photoperiod during pre-diapause. Pontania spp. had a remarkable phenological synchronous behaviour in which larvae start to emerge from the galls in search for overwintering sites to pupate on 5 september. Although specialist insect species may be especially prone to the negative impacts of climatic change, this study does not provide any clear indications that this applies to Pontania spp. Doctoral or Postdoctoral Thesis Arctic Climate change Global warming Subarctic University of Tromsø: Munin Open Research Archive Arctic Norway Barstad ENVELOPE(12.741,12.741,65.263,65.263) |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
University of Tromsø: Munin Open Research Archive |
op_collection_id |
ftunivtroemsoe |
language |
English |
topic |
VDP::Matematikk og Naturvitenskap: 400::Zoologiske og botaniske fag: 480 VDP::Mathematics and natural science: 400::Zoology and botany: 480 DOKTOR-002 |
spellingShingle |
VDP::Matematikk og Naturvitenskap: 400::Zoologiske og botaniske fag: 480 VDP::Mathematics and natural science: 400::Zoology and botany: 480 DOKTOR-002 Barstad, Trond Elling Seasonal adaptation, phenology and survival in gall-inducing sawflies (Tenthredinidae: Nematinae: Pontania) |
topic_facet |
VDP::Matematikk og Naturvitenskap: 400::Zoologiske og botaniske fag: 480 VDP::Mathematics and natural science: 400::Zoology and botany: 480 DOKTOR-002 |
description |
The papers I and II of this thesis are not available in Munin. Paper I: Barstad, T. E. Nilssen, A. C.: “Hibernation adaptation and eclosion synchrony in leaf-galling sawflies in subarctic Norway”. Available in Polar Biology 2012, 35:1097-1103. Paper II: Barstad, T. E. Nilssen, A. C.: “Spring phenology and the response to global warming in gall-inducing sawflies”. Available in Polar Biology 2015, 38:1503-1513. The phenological adaptation of herbivorous insects in the Arctic may be particularly prone to the negative impact of the current global climate change. Increasing temporal dissociation with their plant resources, and to their natural enemies such as parasitoids may be detrimental for their survival. The life history adaptations for gall-inducing sawflies in the Arctic (Tenthredinidae: Nematinae: Pontania nivalis, P. glabrifrons and P. arcticornis) followed the common outline for overwintering insects. During winter hibernation, diapause intensity prevented resumption of morphogenesis in early winter and turned into a post-diapause quiescence mid-winter, in which response to temperature synchronizes spring eclosion. Hindcasts of temperature conditions in spring for the last 21 years revealed a highly significant advancement in dates of eclosion, an evidence of global warming. There were, however, large inter-annual differences in eclosion timing, which probably is caused by timing of the spring snow melt. In early spring there is a short phenological window of opportunity for oviposition on suitable willow (Salix spp).host resources. Females showed a non-discriminatory oviposition preference pattern that did not enhanced larval performance, however larval survival was high. This pattern is probably caused by a brief and early spring eclosion when host plant cues are lacking. In autumn, diapause preparation was shown to occur in response to photoperiod during pre-diapause. Pontania spp. had a remarkable phenological synchronous behaviour in which larvae start to emerge from the galls in search for overwintering sites to pupate on 5 september. Although specialist insect species may be especially prone to the negative impacts of climatic change, this study does not provide any clear indications that this applies to Pontania spp. |
format |
Doctoral or Postdoctoral Thesis |
author |
Barstad, Trond Elling |
author_facet |
Barstad, Trond Elling |
author_sort |
Barstad, Trond Elling |
title |
Seasonal adaptation, phenology and survival in gall-inducing sawflies (Tenthredinidae: Nematinae: Pontania) |
title_short |
Seasonal adaptation, phenology and survival in gall-inducing sawflies (Tenthredinidae: Nematinae: Pontania) |
title_full |
Seasonal adaptation, phenology and survival in gall-inducing sawflies (Tenthredinidae: Nematinae: Pontania) |
title_fullStr |
Seasonal adaptation, phenology and survival in gall-inducing sawflies (Tenthredinidae: Nematinae: Pontania) |
title_full_unstemmed |
Seasonal adaptation, phenology and survival in gall-inducing sawflies (Tenthredinidae: Nematinae: Pontania) |
title_sort |
seasonal adaptation, phenology and survival in gall-inducing sawflies (tenthredinidae: nematinae: pontania) |
publisher |
UiT The Arctic University of Norway |
publishDate |
2016 |
url |
https://hdl.handle.net/10037/9911 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(12.741,12.741,65.263,65.263) |
geographic |
Arctic Norway Barstad |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Norway Barstad |
genre |
Arctic Climate change Global warming Subarctic |
genre_facet |
Arctic Climate change Global warming Subarctic |
op_relation |
978-82-8266-124-9 https://hdl.handle.net/10037/9911 |
op_rights |
openAccess Copyright 2016 The Author(s) |
_version_ |
1766336668405596160 |