Macroalgae contribute to nested mosaics of pH variability in a subarctic fjord
Published version. Source at http://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-4895-2015 . The Arctic Ocean is considered the most vulnerable ecosystem to ocean acidification, and large-scale assessments of pH and the saturation state for aragonite (Ωarag) have led to the notion that the Arctic Ocean is already close to...
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Online Access: | https://hdl.handle.net/10037/8740 https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-4895-2015 |
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ftunivtroemsoe:oai:munin.uit.no:10037/8740 2023-05-15T14:56:24+02:00 Macroalgae contribute to nested mosaics of pH variability in a subarctic fjord Krause-Jensen, Dorte Duarte, Carlos M. Hendriks, Iris E. Meire, L Blicher, M.E. Marba, Nuria Sejr, Mikael K 2015-08-19 https://hdl.handle.net/10037/8740 https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-4895-2015 eng eng Copernicus Publications Biogeosciences 2015, 12(16):4895-4911 FRIDAID 1284758 doi:10.5194/bg-12-4895-2015 1726-4170 https://hdl.handle.net/10037/8740 URN:NBN:no-uit_munin_8293 openAccess VDP::Matematikk og Naturvitenskap: 400::Zoologiske og botaniske fag: 480::Marinbiologi: 497 VDP::Mathematics and natural science: 400::Zoology and botany: 480::Marine biology: 497 Journal article Tidsskriftartikkel Peer reviewed 2015 ftunivtroemsoe https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-4895-2015 2021-06-25T17:54:37Z Published version. Source at http://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-4895-2015 . The Arctic Ocean is considered the most vulnerable ecosystem to ocean acidification, and large-scale assessments of pH and the saturation state for aragonite (Ωarag) have led to the notion that the Arctic Ocean is already close to a corrosive state. In high-latitude coastal waters the regulation of pH and Ωarag is, however, far more complex than offshore because increased biological activity and input of glacial meltwater affect pH. Effects of ocean acidification on calcifiers and non-calcifying phototrophs occupying coastal habitats cannot be derived from extrapolation of current and forecasted offshore conditions, but they require an understanding of the regimes of pH and Ωarag in their coastal habitats. To increase knowledge of the natural variability in pH in the Arctic coastal zone and specifically to test the influence of benthic vegetated habitats, we quantified pH variability in a Greenland fjord in a nested-scale approach. A sensor array logging pH, O2, PAR, temperature and salinity was applied on spatial scales ranging from kilometre scale across the horizontal extension of the fjord; to 100 m scale vertically in the fjord, 10–100 m scale between subtidal habitats with and without kelp forests and between vegetated tidal pools and adjacent vegetated shores; and to centimetre to metre scale within kelp forests and millimetre scale across diffusive boundary layers of macrophyte tissue. In addition, we assessed the temporal variability in pH on diurnal and seasonal scales. Based on pH measurements combined with point samples of total alkalinity, dissolved inorganic carbon and relationships to salinity, we also estimated variability in Ωarag. Results show variability in pH and Ωarag of up to 0.2–0.3 units at several scales, i.e. along the horizontal and vertical extension of the fjord, between seasons and on a diel basis in benthic habitats and within 1 m3 of kelp forest. Vegetated intertidal pools exhibited extreme diel pH variability of > 1.5 units and macrophyte diffusive boundary layers a pH range of up to 0.8 units. Overall, pelagic and benthic metabolism was an important driver of pH and Ωarag producing mosaics of variability from low levels in the dark to peak levels at high irradiance generally appearing favourable for calcification. We suggest that productive coastal environments may form niches of high pH in a future acidified Arctic Ocean. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Arctic Ocean Greenland Ocean acidification Subarctic University of Tromsø: Munin Open Research Archive Arctic Arctic Ocean Greenland Biogeosciences 12 16 4895 4911 |
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Open Polar |
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University of Tromsø: Munin Open Research Archive |
op_collection_id |
ftunivtroemsoe |
language |
English |
topic |
VDP::Matematikk og Naturvitenskap: 400::Zoologiske og botaniske fag: 480::Marinbiologi: 497 VDP::Mathematics and natural science: 400::Zoology and botany: 480::Marine biology: 497 |
spellingShingle |
VDP::Matematikk og Naturvitenskap: 400::Zoologiske og botaniske fag: 480::Marinbiologi: 497 VDP::Mathematics and natural science: 400::Zoology and botany: 480::Marine biology: 497 Krause-Jensen, Dorte Duarte, Carlos M. Hendriks, Iris E. Meire, L Blicher, M.E. Marba, Nuria Sejr, Mikael K Macroalgae contribute to nested mosaics of pH variability in a subarctic fjord |
topic_facet |
VDP::Matematikk og Naturvitenskap: 400::Zoologiske og botaniske fag: 480::Marinbiologi: 497 VDP::Mathematics and natural science: 400::Zoology and botany: 480::Marine biology: 497 |
description |
Published version. Source at http://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-4895-2015 . The Arctic Ocean is considered the most vulnerable ecosystem to ocean acidification, and large-scale assessments of pH and the saturation state for aragonite (Ωarag) have led to the notion that the Arctic Ocean is already close to a corrosive state. In high-latitude coastal waters the regulation of pH and Ωarag is, however, far more complex than offshore because increased biological activity and input of glacial meltwater affect pH. Effects of ocean acidification on calcifiers and non-calcifying phototrophs occupying coastal habitats cannot be derived from extrapolation of current and forecasted offshore conditions, but they require an understanding of the regimes of pH and Ωarag in their coastal habitats. To increase knowledge of the natural variability in pH in the Arctic coastal zone and specifically to test the influence of benthic vegetated habitats, we quantified pH variability in a Greenland fjord in a nested-scale approach. A sensor array logging pH, O2, PAR, temperature and salinity was applied on spatial scales ranging from kilometre scale across the horizontal extension of the fjord; to 100 m scale vertically in the fjord, 10–100 m scale between subtidal habitats with and without kelp forests and between vegetated tidal pools and adjacent vegetated shores; and to centimetre to metre scale within kelp forests and millimetre scale across diffusive boundary layers of macrophyte tissue. In addition, we assessed the temporal variability in pH on diurnal and seasonal scales. Based on pH measurements combined with point samples of total alkalinity, dissolved inorganic carbon and relationships to salinity, we also estimated variability in Ωarag. Results show variability in pH and Ωarag of up to 0.2–0.3 units at several scales, i.e. along the horizontal and vertical extension of the fjord, between seasons and on a diel basis in benthic habitats and within 1 m3 of kelp forest. Vegetated intertidal pools exhibited extreme diel pH variability of > 1.5 units and macrophyte diffusive boundary layers a pH range of up to 0.8 units. Overall, pelagic and benthic metabolism was an important driver of pH and Ωarag producing mosaics of variability from low levels in the dark to peak levels at high irradiance generally appearing favourable for calcification. We suggest that productive coastal environments may form niches of high pH in a future acidified Arctic Ocean. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Krause-Jensen, Dorte Duarte, Carlos M. Hendriks, Iris E. Meire, L Blicher, M.E. Marba, Nuria Sejr, Mikael K |
author_facet |
Krause-Jensen, Dorte Duarte, Carlos M. Hendriks, Iris E. Meire, L Blicher, M.E. Marba, Nuria Sejr, Mikael K |
author_sort |
Krause-Jensen, Dorte |
title |
Macroalgae contribute to nested mosaics of pH variability in a subarctic fjord |
title_short |
Macroalgae contribute to nested mosaics of pH variability in a subarctic fjord |
title_full |
Macroalgae contribute to nested mosaics of pH variability in a subarctic fjord |
title_fullStr |
Macroalgae contribute to nested mosaics of pH variability in a subarctic fjord |
title_full_unstemmed |
Macroalgae contribute to nested mosaics of pH variability in a subarctic fjord |
title_sort |
macroalgae contribute to nested mosaics of ph variability in a subarctic fjord |
publisher |
Copernicus Publications |
publishDate |
2015 |
url |
https://hdl.handle.net/10037/8740 https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-4895-2015 |
geographic |
Arctic Arctic Ocean Greenland |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Arctic Ocean Greenland |
genre |
Arctic Arctic Ocean Greenland Ocean acidification Subarctic |
genre_facet |
Arctic Arctic Ocean Greenland Ocean acidification Subarctic |
op_relation |
Biogeosciences 2015, 12(16):4895-4911 FRIDAID 1284758 doi:10.5194/bg-12-4895-2015 1726-4170 https://hdl.handle.net/10037/8740 URN:NBN:no-uit_munin_8293 |
op_rights |
openAccess |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-4895-2015 |
container_title |
Biogeosciences |
container_volume |
12 |
container_issue |
16 |
container_start_page |
4895 |
op_container_end_page |
4911 |
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1766328446553686016 |