Foraging, reproduction and survival of the zooplanktivorous seabird Little Auk (Alle alle) in the Arctic in relation to climatic and environmental variability
The papers of this thesis are not available in Munin: 1. Hovinen JEH, Welcker J, Rabindranath A, Brown ZW, Hop H, Berge J, Steen H.: 'At-sea distribution of foraging little auks relative to physical factors and food supply', Marine Ecology Progress Series (2014), vol. 503:263-277. Availabl...
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Format: | Doctoral or Postdoctoral Thesis |
Language: | English |
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UiT The Arctic University of Norway
2014
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Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://hdl.handle.net/10037/6385 |
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ftunivtroemsoe:oai:munin.uit.no:10037/6385 |
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record_format |
openpolar |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
University of Tromsø: Munin Open Research Archive |
op_collection_id |
ftunivtroemsoe |
language |
English |
topic |
VDP::Mathematics and natural science: 400::Zoology and botany: 480::Marine biology: 497 VDP::Matematikk og Naturvitenskap: 400::Zoologiske og botaniske fag: 480::Marinbiologi: 497 DOKTOR-002 |
spellingShingle |
VDP::Mathematics and natural science: 400::Zoology and botany: 480::Marine biology: 497 VDP::Matematikk og Naturvitenskap: 400::Zoologiske og botaniske fag: 480::Marinbiologi: 497 DOKTOR-002 Hovinen, Johanna Emilia Heidi Foraging, reproduction and survival of the zooplanktivorous seabird Little Auk (Alle alle) in the Arctic in relation to climatic and environmental variability |
topic_facet |
VDP::Mathematics and natural science: 400::Zoology and botany: 480::Marine biology: 497 VDP::Matematikk og Naturvitenskap: 400::Zoologiske og botaniske fag: 480::Marinbiologi: 497 DOKTOR-002 |
description |
The papers of this thesis are not available in Munin: 1. Hovinen JEH, Welcker J, Rabindranath A, Brown ZW, Hop H, Berge J, Steen H.: 'At-sea distribution of foraging little auks relative to physical factors and food supply', Marine Ecology Progress Series (2014), vol. 503:263-277. Available at http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/meps10740 2. Hovinen JEH, Wojczulanis-Jakubas K, Jakubas D, Hop H, Berge J, Kidawa D, Karnovsky NJ, Steen H.: 'Fledging success of little auks in the high Arctic: do provisioning rates and the quality of foraging grounds matter?', Polar Biology (2014), vol. 37(5):665-674. Available at http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00300-014-1466-1 3. Hovinen JEH, Welcker J, Descamps S, Strøm H, Jerstad K, Berge J, Steen H.: 'Regional and local variations in climate affect the survival of a high Arctic avian predator' (manuscript) The ability of individuals to acquire and store energy for life-history traits such as reproduction and survival, is finite. This demands prioritizing some traits at the expense of other traits. Which traits to prioritize, depends on the life-history strategy of a species. ‘Slow’-living species, in contrast to ‘fast’-living species, mature late, produce small broods, have low extrinsic mortality and high life expectancy. They tend to allocate resources cautiously to current reproduction, thereby enhancing their survival and potential for future reproduction. Many seabird species employ the slow-living life-history strategy. In order to assess the effects of predicted future climate change on seabird populations, it is important to understand how life-history traits, such as reproduction and survival, are influenced by climatic and environmental variability. The aim of this thesis was to assess the effects of climatic and environmental variability on foraging (i.e. energy acquisition), reproduction and survival of the little auk (Alle alle), the most abundant seabird species breeding in the Arctic. It is in the Arctic regions, where the effects of global climate change are expected to be strongest. Data on oceanographic conditions, foraging trip durations, chick provisioning rates, chick diet, chick fledging success and adult survival was collected on Bjørnøya, a small island in the western Barents Sea, and at three colonies (Isfjorden, Kongsfjorden and Magdalenefjorden) on the western coast of Spitsbergen, Svalbard during 2006-2013. The study area is influenced by both warm, Atlantic and cold, Arctic water masses. The results show that little auk adults preferred to forage in cold water masses at the shelf-sea area, but that oceanographic conditions did not influence their foraging trip durations or chick provisioning rates. On the other hand, the number of good quality prey items delivered daily to a chick correlated negatively with ocean temperature, and both chick fledging success and adult survival was higher when ocean temperature was lower. The higher fledging and survival probabilities were most likely due to higher availability of good quality prey in the little auk’s foraging grounds. Indeed, both these life-history traits seemed highly responsive to changes in environment. High sensitivity indicates that in the future, when Arctic warming is expected to continue and favoured Arctic zooplankton is gradually replaced with Atlantic zooplankton, little auk populations are likely to decrease substantially. This in turn may influence the dynamics of the entire Arctic food web, in which little auks play an important role. |
format |
Doctoral or Postdoctoral Thesis |
author |
Hovinen, Johanna Emilia Heidi |
author_facet |
Hovinen, Johanna Emilia Heidi |
author_sort |
Hovinen, Johanna Emilia Heidi |
title |
Foraging, reproduction and survival of the zooplanktivorous seabird Little Auk (Alle alle) in the Arctic in relation to climatic and environmental variability |
title_short |
Foraging, reproduction and survival of the zooplanktivorous seabird Little Auk (Alle alle) in the Arctic in relation to climatic and environmental variability |
title_full |
Foraging, reproduction and survival of the zooplanktivorous seabird Little Auk (Alle alle) in the Arctic in relation to climatic and environmental variability |
title_fullStr |
Foraging, reproduction and survival of the zooplanktivorous seabird Little Auk (Alle alle) in the Arctic in relation to climatic and environmental variability |
title_full_unstemmed |
Foraging, reproduction and survival of the zooplanktivorous seabird Little Auk (Alle alle) in the Arctic in relation to climatic and environmental variability |
title_sort |
foraging, reproduction and survival of the zooplanktivorous seabird little auk (alle alle) in the arctic in relation to climatic and environmental variability |
publisher |
UiT The Arctic University of Norway |
publishDate |
2014 |
url |
https://hdl.handle.net/10037/6385 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(-67.250,-67.250,-68.151,-68.151) ENVELOPE(7.780,7.780,62.571,62.571) ENVELOPE(11.010,11.010,79.569,79.569) ENVELOPE(13.567,13.567,68.100,68.100) |
geographic |
Arctic Svalbard Barents Sea Bjørnøya Steen Magdalenefjorden Jerstad |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Svalbard Barents Sea Bjørnøya Steen Magdalenefjorden Jerstad |
genre |
Alle alle Arctic Barents Sea Bjørnøya Bjørnøya Climate change Isfjord* Isfjord* Isfjorden Isfjorden Kongsfjord* Kongsfjorden little auk Magdalenefjord* Svalbard Zooplankton Spitsbergen |
genre_facet |
Alle alle Arctic Barents Sea Bjørnøya Bjørnøya Climate change Isfjord* Isfjord* Isfjorden Isfjorden Kongsfjord* Kongsfjorden little auk Magdalenefjord* Svalbard Zooplankton Spitsbergen |
op_relation |
978-82-8266-082-2 https://hdl.handle.net/10037/6385 URN:NBN:no-uit_munin_6010 |
op_rights |
openAccess Copyright 2014 The Author(s) |
_version_ |
1766273641814687744 |
spelling |
ftunivtroemsoe:oai:munin.uit.no:10037/6385 2023-05-15T13:16:21+02:00 Foraging, reproduction and survival of the zooplanktivorous seabird Little Auk (Alle alle) in the Arctic in relation to climatic and environmental variability Hovinen, Johanna Emilia Heidi 2014-06-23 https://hdl.handle.net/10037/6385 eng eng UiT The Arctic University of Norway UiT Norges arktiske universitet 978-82-8266-082-2 https://hdl.handle.net/10037/6385 URN:NBN:no-uit_munin_6010 openAccess Copyright 2014 The Author(s) VDP::Mathematics and natural science: 400::Zoology and botany: 480::Marine biology: 497 VDP::Matematikk og Naturvitenskap: 400::Zoologiske og botaniske fag: 480::Marinbiologi: 497 DOKTOR-002 Doctoral thesis Doktorgradsavhandling 2014 ftunivtroemsoe 2021-06-25T17:53:56Z The papers of this thesis are not available in Munin: 1. Hovinen JEH, Welcker J, Rabindranath A, Brown ZW, Hop H, Berge J, Steen H.: 'At-sea distribution of foraging little auks relative to physical factors and food supply', Marine Ecology Progress Series (2014), vol. 503:263-277. Available at http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/meps10740 2. Hovinen JEH, Wojczulanis-Jakubas K, Jakubas D, Hop H, Berge J, Kidawa D, Karnovsky NJ, Steen H.: 'Fledging success of little auks in the high Arctic: do provisioning rates and the quality of foraging grounds matter?', Polar Biology (2014), vol. 37(5):665-674. Available at http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00300-014-1466-1 3. Hovinen JEH, Welcker J, Descamps S, Strøm H, Jerstad K, Berge J, Steen H.: 'Regional and local variations in climate affect the survival of a high Arctic avian predator' (manuscript) The ability of individuals to acquire and store energy for life-history traits such as reproduction and survival, is finite. This demands prioritizing some traits at the expense of other traits. Which traits to prioritize, depends on the life-history strategy of a species. ‘Slow’-living species, in contrast to ‘fast’-living species, mature late, produce small broods, have low extrinsic mortality and high life expectancy. They tend to allocate resources cautiously to current reproduction, thereby enhancing their survival and potential for future reproduction. Many seabird species employ the slow-living life-history strategy. In order to assess the effects of predicted future climate change on seabird populations, it is important to understand how life-history traits, such as reproduction and survival, are influenced by climatic and environmental variability. The aim of this thesis was to assess the effects of climatic and environmental variability on foraging (i.e. energy acquisition), reproduction and survival of the little auk (Alle alle), the most abundant seabird species breeding in the Arctic. It is in the Arctic regions, where the effects of global climate change are expected to be strongest. Data on oceanographic conditions, foraging trip durations, chick provisioning rates, chick diet, chick fledging success and adult survival was collected on Bjørnøya, a small island in the western Barents Sea, and at three colonies (Isfjorden, Kongsfjorden and Magdalenefjorden) on the western coast of Spitsbergen, Svalbard during 2006-2013. The study area is influenced by both warm, Atlantic and cold, Arctic water masses. The results show that little auk adults preferred to forage in cold water masses at the shelf-sea area, but that oceanographic conditions did not influence their foraging trip durations or chick provisioning rates. On the other hand, the number of good quality prey items delivered daily to a chick correlated negatively with ocean temperature, and both chick fledging success and adult survival was higher when ocean temperature was lower. The higher fledging and survival probabilities were most likely due to higher availability of good quality prey in the little auk’s foraging grounds. Indeed, both these life-history traits seemed highly responsive to changes in environment. High sensitivity indicates that in the future, when Arctic warming is expected to continue and favoured Arctic zooplankton is gradually replaced with Atlantic zooplankton, little auk populations are likely to decrease substantially. This in turn may influence the dynamics of the entire Arctic food web, in which little auks play an important role. Doctoral or Postdoctoral Thesis Alle alle Arctic Barents Sea Bjørnøya Bjørnøya Climate change Isfjord* Isfjord* Isfjorden Isfjorden Kongsfjord* Kongsfjorden little auk Magdalenefjord* Svalbard Zooplankton Spitsbergen University of Tromsø: Munin Open Research Archive Arctic Svalbard Barents Sea Bjørnøya ENVELOPE(-67.250,-67.250,-68.151,-68.151) Steen ENVELOPE(7.780,7.780,62.571,62.571) Magdalenefjorden ENVELOPE(11.010,11.010,79.569,79.569) Jerstad ENVELOPE(13.567,13.567,68.100,68.100) |