Frequency of local, regional, and long-distance dispersal of diploid and tetraploid Saxifraga oppositifolia (Saxifragaceae) to Arctic glacier forelands
Climate change forces many species to migrate. Empirical small-scale data on migration and colonization in the Arctic are scarce. Retreating glaciers provide new territory for cold-adapted plant species, but the genetic consequences depend on dispersal distances and frequencies. We estimated local,...
Published in: | American Journal of Botany |
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2012
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Online Access: | https://hdl.handle.net/10037/4854 https://doi.org/10.3732/ajb.1100363 |
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ftunivtroemsoe:oai:munin.uit.no:10037/4854 2023-05-15T14:28:55+02:00 Frequency of local, regional, and long-distance dispersal of diploid and tetraploid Saxifraga oppositifolia (Saxifragaceae) to Arctic glacier forelands Müller, Eike Eidesen, Pernille Bronken Ehrich, Dorothee Alsos, Inger Greve 2012 https://hdl.handle.net/10037/4854 https://doi.org/10.3732/ajb.1100363 eng eng Botanical Society of America American Journal of Botany 99(2012) nr. 3 s. 459-471 FRIDAID 928866 http://dx.doi.org/10.3732/ajb.1100363 0002-9122 https://hdl.handle.net/10037/4854 URN:NBN:no-uit_munin_4567 openAccess VDP::Mathematics and natural science: 400::Zoology and botany: 480::Plant geography: 496 VDP::Matematikk og Naturvitenskap: 400::Zoologiske og botaniske fag: 480::Plantegeografi: 496 Journal article Tidsskriftartikkel Peer reviewed 2012 ftunivtroemsoe https://doi.org/10.3732/ajb.1100363 2021-06-25T17:53:27Z Climate change forces many species to migrate. Empirical small-scale data on migration and colonization in the Arctic are scarce. Retreating glaciers provide new territory for cold-adapted plant species, but the genetic consequences depend on dispersal distances and frequencies. We estimated local, regional, and long-distance dispersal frequencies, as well as their effect on levels of genetic diversity, in diploid and tetraploid individuals of Saxifraga oppositifolia. Samples were collected in four aged moraines in each of three glacier forelands, in surrounding areas and reference populations in the Arctic archipelago Svalbard. These samples were analyzed for neutral amplified fragment length polymorphisms (AFLPs, n = 707) and ploidy levels (n = 30). Genetic clustering and ploidy analyses revealed two distinct genetic groups representing diploids and tetraploids, with few intermediate triploids. The groups were intermixed in most sampled populations. No differences in genetic diversity were found between tetraploids and diploids, or between established and glacier foreland populations. Seeds were dispersed over local, regional, and long distances, with the highest proportions of seeds originating from close sources. A minimum of 4–15 founding individuals from several source populations had initially established in each glacier foreland. Our data suggest that S. oppositifolia can rapidly colonize new deglaciated areas without losing genetic diversity. Thus, glacier forelands can be alternative habitats for cold-adapted vascular plants tracking their climatic niche. Our data show no difference in colonization success between diploid and tetraploid individuals. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Archipelago Arctic Climate change glacier Saxifraga oppositifolia Svalbard University of Tromsø: Munin Open Research Archive Arctic Svalbard American Journal of Botany 99 3 459 471 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
University of Tromsø: Munin Open Research Archive |
op_collection_id |
ftunivtroemsoe |
language |
English |
topic |
VDP::Mathematics and natural science: 400::Zoology and botany: 480::Plant geography: 496 VDP::Matematikk og Naturvitenskap: 400::Zoologiske og botaniske fag: 480::Plantegeografi: 496 |
spellingShingle |
VDP::Mathematics and natural science: 400::Zoology and botany: 480::Plant geography: 496 VDP::Matematikk og Naturvitenskap: 400::Zoologiske og botaniske fag: 480::Plantegeografi: 496 Müller, Eike Eidesen, Pernille Bronken Ehrich, Dorothee Alsos, Inger Greve Frequency of local, regional, and long-distance dispersal of diploid and tetraploid Saxifraga oppositifolia (Saxifragaceae) to Arctic glacier forelands |
topic_facet |
VDP::Mathematics and natural science: 400::Zoology and botany: 480::Plant geography: 496 VDP::Matematikk og Naturvitenskap: 400::Zoologiske og botaniske fag: 480::Plantegeografi: 496 |
description |
Climate change forces many species to migrate. Empirical small-scale data on migration and colonization in the Arctic are scarce. Retreating glaciers provide new territory for cold-adapted plant species, but the genetic consequences depend on dispersal distances and frequencies. We estimated local, regional, and long-distance dispersal frequencies, as well as their effect on levels of genetic diversity, in diploid and tetraploid individuals of Saxifraga oppositifolia. Samples were collected in four aged moraines in each of three glacier forelands, in surrounding areas and reference populations in the Arctic archipelago Svalbard. These samples were analyzed for neutral amplified fragment length polymorphisms (AFLPs, n = 707) and ploidy levels (n = 30). Genetic clustering and ploidy analyses revealed two distinct genetic groups representing diploids and tetraploids, with few intermediate triploids. The groups were intermixed in most sampled populations. No differences in genetic diversity were found between tetraploids and diploids, or between established and glacier foreland populations. Seeds were dispersed over local, regional, and long distances, with the highest proportions of seeds originating from close sources. A minimum of 4–15 founding individuals from several source populations had initially established in each glacier foreland. Our data suggest that S. oppositifolia can rapidly colonize new deglaciated areas without losing genetic diversity. Thus, glacier forelands can be alternative habitats for cold-adapted vascular plants tracking their climatic niche. Our data show no difference in colonization success between diploid and tetraploid individuals. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Müller, Eike Eidesen, Pernille Bronken Ehrich, Dorothee Alsos, Inger Greve |
author_facet |
Müller, Eike Eidesen, Pernille Bronken Ehrich, Dorothee Alsos, Inger Greve |
author_sort |
Müller, Eike |
title |
Frequency of local, regional, and long-distance dispersal of diploid and tetraploid Saxifraga oppositifolia (Saxifragaceae) to Arctic glacier forelands |
title_short |
Frequency of local, regional, and long-distance dispersal of diploid and tetraploid Saxifraga oppositifolia (Saxifragaceae) to Arctic glacier forelands |
title_full |
Frequency of local, regional, and long-distance dispersal of diploid and tetraploid Saxifraga oppositifolia (Saxifragaceae) to Arctic glacier forelands |
title_fullStr |
Frequency of local, regional, and long-distance dispersal of diploid and tetraploid Saxifraga oppositifolia (Saxifragaceae) to Arctic glacier forelands |
title_full_unstemmed |
Frequency of local, regional, and long-distance dispersal of diploid and tetraploid Saxifraga oppositifolia (Saxifragaceae) to Arctic glacier forelands |
title_sort |
frequency of local, regional, and long-distance dispersal of diploid and tetraploid saxifraga oppositifolia (saxifragaceae) to arctic glacier forelands |
publisher |
Botanical Society of America |
publishDate |
2012 |
url |
https://hdl.handle.net/10037/4854 https://doi.org/10.3732/ajb.1100363 |
geographic |
Arctic Svalbard |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Svalbard |
genre |
Arctic Archipelago Arctic Climate change glacier Saxifraga oppositifolia Svalbard |
genre_facet |
Arctic Archipelago Arctic Climate change glacier Saxifraga oppositifolia Svalbard |
op_relation |
American Journal of Botany 99(2012) nr. 3 s. 459-471 FRIDAID 928866 http://dx.doi.org/10.3732/ajb.1100363 0002-9122 https://hdl.handle.net/10037/4854 URN:NBN:no-uit_munin_4567 |
op_rights |
openAccess |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3732/ajb.1100363 |
container_title |
American Journal of Botany |
container_volume |
99 |
container_issue |
3 |
container_start_page |
459 |
op_container_end_page |
471 |
_version_ |
1766303050189766656 |