The ghost of development past : the impact of economic security policies on Saami pastoral ecosystems
To ensure economic viability over time, any efforts to meet the Millennium Development Goals need to reconcile conservation with development interventions. Particularly, in marginal and risk prone areas erosion of resilience could make production systems more susceptible to environmental risks that...
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Online Access: | https://hdl.handle.net/10037/4031 https://doi.org/10.5751/ES-04193-160304 |
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ftunivtroemsoe:oai:munin.uit.no:10037/4031 2023-05-15T15:13:25+02:00 The ghost of development past : the impact of economic security policies on Saami pastoral ecosystems Hausner, Vera Helene Fauchald, Per Tveraa, Torkild Pedersen, Elisabeth Jernsletten, Johnny-Leo L. Ulvevadet, Birgitte Ims, Rolf Anker Yoccoz, Nigel Bråthen, Kari Anne 2011 https://hdl.handle.net/10037/4031 https://doi.org/10.5751/ES-04193-160304 eng eng Ecology and Society Ecology and Society (2011), 16(3): 4 FRIDAID 859372 doi:10.5751/ES-04193-160304 1708-3087 https://hdl.handle.net/10037/4031 URN:NBN:no-uit_munin_3752 openAccess VDP::Mathematics and natural science: 400::Zoology and botany: 480::Ecology: 488 VDP::Matematikk og Naturvitenskap: 400::Zoologiske og botaniske fag: 480::Økologi: 488 VDP::Social science: 200::Social anthropology: 250 VDP::Samfunnsvitenskap: 200::Sosialantropologi: 250 Journal article Tidsskriftartikkel Peer reviewed 2011 ftunivtroemsoe https://doi.org/10.5751/ES-04193-160304 2021-06-25T17:53:15Z To ensure economic viability over time, any efforts to meet the Millennium Development Goals need to reconcile conservation with development interventions. Particularly, in marginal and risk prone areas erosion of resilience could make production systems more susceptible to environmental risks that compromise the economic security. By longitudinal analyses of long-term data records we investigated the impacts of big push policies on Saami pastoral ecosystems in Arctic Norway. The big push was accompanied by reindeer herd accumulation and a corresponding degradation of resilience, increasing the susceptibility to herd losses to predators and adverse winters. For the last 20 years the Norwegian government has worked to halt degradation of pasture ecosystems and reduce susceptibility to environmental risks. These intended win-win policies have mainly been based on economic incentives, which have been developed together with Saami pastoralists through negotiated agreements. We argue that the continued degradation of the Saami pastoral ecosystems is a “ghost of the development past”, as the big push policies have resulted in an economic security trap (EST). The gradual reduction of resilience has persisted as the ex post payments of disaster relief and predator compensation have impeded the long-term actions to reduce susceptibility to environmental risks, i.e., ex ante policies, thereby increasing dependency on elevated economic inputs to manage the risks. The transfer of liability for managing risks to the benefactor, both through ex ante and ex post policies, has further discouraged and constrained opportunities for adaptation by the pastoralists. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic saami University of Tromsø: Munin Open Research Archive Arctic Norway Ecology and Society 16 3 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
University of Tromsø: Munin Open Research Archive |
op_collection_id |
ftunivtroemsoe |
language |
English |
topic |
VDP::Mathematics and natural science: 400::Zoology and botany: 480::Ecology: 488 VDP::Matematikk og Naturvitenskap: 400::Zoologiske og botaniske fag: 480::Økologi: 488 VDP::Social science: 200::Social anthropology: 250 VDP::Samfunnsvitenskap: 200::Sosialantropologi: 250 |
spellingShingle |
VDP::Mathematics and natural science: 400::Zoology and botany: 480::Ecology: 488 VDP::Matematikk og Naturvitenskap: 400::Zoologiske og botaniske fag: 480::Økologi: 488 VDP::Social science: 200::Social anthropology: 250 VDP::Samfunnsvitenskap: 200::Sosialantropologi: 250 Hausner, Vera Helene Fauchald, Per Tveraa, Torkild Pedersen, Elisabeth Jernsletten, Johnny-Leo L. Ulvevadet, Birgitte Ims, Rolf Anker Yoccoz, Nigel Bråthen, Kari Anne The ghost of development past : the impact of economic security policies on Saami pastoral ecosystems |
topic_facet |
VDP::Mathematics and natural science: 400::Zoology and botany: 480::Ecology: 488 VDP::Matematikk og Naturvitenskap: 400::Zoologiske og botaniske fag: 480::Økologi: 488 VDP::Social science: 200::Social anthropology: 250 VDP::Samfunnsvitenskap: 200::Sosialantropologi: 250 |
description |
To ensure economic viability over time, any efforts to meet the Millennium Development Goals need to reconcile conservation with development interventions. Particularly, in marginal and risk prone areas erosion of resilience could make production systems more susceptible to environmental risks that compromise the economic security. By longitudinal analyses of long-term data records we investigated the impacts of big push policies on Saami pastoral ecosystems in Arctic Norway. The big push was accompanied by reindeer herd accumulation and a corresponding degradation of resilience, increasing the susceptibility to herd losses to predators and adverse winters. For the last 20 years the Norwegian government has worked to halt degradation of pasture ecosystems and reduce susceptibility to environmental risks. These intended win-win policies have mainly been based on economic incentives, which have been developed together with Saami pastoralists through negotiated agreements. We argue that the continued degradation of the Saami pastoral ecosystems is a “ghost of the development past”, as the big push policies have resulted in an economic security trap (EST). The gradual reduction of resilience has persisted as the ex post payments of disaster relief and predator compensation have impeded the long-term actions to reduce susceptibility to environmental risks, i.e., ex ante policies, thereby increasing dependency on elevated economic inputs to manage the risks. The transfer of liability for managing risks to the benefactor, both through ex ante and ex post policies, has further discouraged and constrained opportunities for adaptation by the pastoralists. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Hausner, Vera Helene Fauchald, Per Tveraa, Torkild Pedersen, Elisabeth Jernsletten, Johnny-Leo L. Ulvevadet, Birgitte Ims, Rolf Anker Yoccoz, Nigel Bråthen, Kari Anne |
author_facet |
Hausner, Vera Helene Fauchald, Per Tveraa, Torkild Pedersen, Elisabeth Jernsletten, Johnny-Leo L. Ulvevadet, Birgitte Ims, Rolf Anker Yoccoz, Nigel Bråthen, Kari Anne |
author_sort |
Hausner, Vera Helene |
title |
The ghost of development past : the impact of economic security policies on Saami pastoral ecosystems |
title_short |
The ghost of development past : the impact of economic security policies on Saami pastoral ecosystems |
title_full |
The ghost of development past : the impact of economic security policies on Saami pastoral ecosystems |
title_fullStr |
The ghost of development past : the impact of economic security policies on Saami pastoral ecosystems |
title_full_unstemmed |
The ghost of development past : the impact of economic security policies on Saami pastoral ecosystems |
title_sort |
ghost of development past : the impact of economic security policies on saami pastoral ecosystems |
publisher |
Ecology and Society |
publishDate |
2011 |
url |
https://hdl.handle.net/10037/4031 https://doi.org/10.5751/ES-04193-160304 |
geographic |
Arctic Norway |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Norway |
genre |
Arctic saami |
genre_facet |
Arctic saami |
op_relation |
Ecology and Society (2011), 16(3): 4 FRIDAID 859372 doi:10.5751/ES-04193-160304 1708-3087 https://hdl.handle.net/10037/4031 URN:NBN:no-uit_munin_3752 |
op_rights |
openAccess |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.5751/ES-04193-160304 |
container_title |
Ecology and Society |
container_volume |
16 |
container_issue |
3 |
_version_ |
1766343974449053696 |