Nonclassical MHC class I L-lineage genes in Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar L.): An investigation into transcriptional induction and cell type-specific expression patterns of different L-lineage subgroups
The world's population is growing, and so is the world's food demand, underpinning the need for sustainable food production. Over the last few decades, Norwegian aquaculture production of Atlantic Salmon (Salmo Salar L.) and rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) expanded rapidly. Unfortunate...
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ftunivtroemsoe:oai:munin.uit.no:10037/33563 2024-06-23T07:51:13+00:00 Nonclassical MHC class I L-lineage genes in Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar L.): An investigation into transcriptional induction and cell type-specific expression patterns of different L-lineage subgroups Sætre, Solveig Storegjerde 2023-05-15 https://hdl.handle.net/10037/33563 eng eng UiT The Arctic University of Norway UiT Norges arktiske universitet https://hdl.handle.net/10037/33563 Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0) openAccess Copyright 2023 The Author(s) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0 VDP::Matematikk og Naturvitenskap: 400::Basale biofag: 470 VDP::Agriculture and fishery disciplines: 900::Fisheries science: 920 BIO-3955 Master thesis Mastergradsoppgave 2023 ftunivtroemsoe 2024-05-29T00:47:55Z The world's population is growing, and so is the world's food demand, underpinning the need for sustainable food production. Over the last few decades, Norwegian aquaculture production of Atlantic Salmon (Salmo Salar L.) and rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) expanded rapidly. Unfortunately, today’s fish health situation is challenging due to virus infections, among other reasons. Today's virus vaccine is inadequate and doesn’t prevent viral disease outbreaks in the field. Detailed knowledge of how the salmon immune system combats viruses is still limited, and a better understanding is needed to make an efficient vaccine. When a virus infects a cell, the antigen from the virus is presented on a specialised complex called a Major Histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I by the infected cell. The MHC molecule interacts with T-cells that meditate an immune response. There are identified one classical MHC class I gene and several non-classical MHC class I genes in Atlantic Salmon. Compared to a classical MHC gene, the non-classical are not polymorphic and may present a more conserved structure to immune cells during an infection. There are identified six different functionally expressed non-classical MHC class I L-lineage genes in Atlantic Salmon. In this thesis, head kidney leucocytes (HKL) from Atlantic salmon were stimulated in vitro with IFNs and viral mimics, resulting in individual upregulation off L-lineage gene expression. Co-stimulation showed an antagonistic effect on the L-lineage subtypes LIA and LGA. Furthermore, by inhibiting JAK in the JAK/STAT signalling pathway, the gene expression decreased when stimulated in vitro, suggesting that the JAK/ STAT pathways probably have an essential role in regulating the gene expression of non-classical MHC class I L-lineage genes. To further investigate what cells express the different L-lineage genes, an optimised MACS was used to separate Macrophage-like cells, non-B cell lymphocytes and IgM-positive B-cells. In all different cell populations, LIA, LGA and LDA ... Master Thesis Atlantic salmon Salmo salar University of Tromsø: Munin Open Research Archive |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
University of Tromsø: Munin Open Research Archive |
op_collection_id |
ftunivtroemsoe |
language |
English |
topic |
VDP::Matematikk og Naturvitenskap: 400::Basale biofag: 470 VDP::Agriculture and fishery disciplines: 900::Fisheries science: 920 BIO-3955 |
spellingShingle |
VDP::Matematikk og Naturvitenskap: 400::Basale biofag: 470 VDP::Agriculture and fishery disciplines: 900::Fisheries science: 920 BIO-3955 Sætre, Solveig Storegjerde Nonclassical MHC class I L-lineage genes in Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar L.): An investigation into transcriptional induction and cell type-specific expression patterns of different L-lineage subgroups |
topic_facet |
VDP::Matematikk og Naturvitenskap: 400::Basale biofag: 470 VDP::Agriculture and fishery disciplines: 900::Fisheries science: 920 BIO-3955 |
description |
The world's population is growing, and so is the world's food demand, underpinning the need for sustainable food production. Over the last few decades, Norwegian aquaculture production of Atlantic Salmon (Salmo Salar L.) and rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) expanded rapidly. Unfortunately, today’s fish health situation is challenging due to virus infections, among other reasons. Today's virus vaccine is inadequate and doesn’t prevent viral disease outbreaks in the field. Detailed knowledge of how the salmon immune system combats viruses is still limited, and a better understanding is needed to make an efficient vaccine. When a virus infects a cell, the antigen from the virus is presented on a specialised complex called a Major Histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I by the infected cell. The MHC molecule interacts with T-cells that meditate an immune response. There are identified one classical MHC class I gene and several non-classical MHC class I genes in Atlantic Salmon. Compared to a classical MHC gene, the non-classical are not polymorphic and may present a more conserved structure to immune cells during an infection. There are identified six different functionally expressed non-classical MHC class I L-lineage genes in Atlantic Salmon. In this thesis, head kidney leucocytes (HKL) from Atlantic salmon were stimulated in vitro with IFNs and viral mimics, resulting in individual upregulation off L-lineage gene expression. Co-stimulation showed an antagonistic effect on the L-lineage subtypes LIA and LGA. Furthermore, by inhibiting JAK in the JAK/STAT signalling pathway, the gene expression decreased when stimulated in vitro, suggesting that the JAK/ STAT pathways probably have an essential role in regulating the gene expression of non-classical MHC class I L-lineage genes. To further investigate what cells express the different L-lineage genes, an optimised MACS was used to separate Macrophage-like cells, non-B cell lymphocytes and IgM-positive B-cells. In all different cell populations, LIA, LGA and LDA ... |
format |
Master Thesis |
author |
Sætre, Solveig Storegjerde |
author_facet |
Sætre, Solveig Storegjerde |
author_sort |
Sætre, Solveig Storegjerde |
title |
Nonclassical MHC class I L-lineage genes in Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar L.): An investigation into transcriptional induction and cell type-specific expression patterns of different L-lineage subgroups |
title_short |
Nonclassical MHC class I L-lineage genes in Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar L.): An investigation into transcriptional induction and cell type-specific expression patterns of different L-lineage subgroups |
title_full |
Nonclassical MHC class I L-lineage genes in Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar L.): An investigation into transcriptional induction and cell type-specific expression patterns of different L-lineage subgroups |
title_fullStr |
Nonclassical MHC class I L-lineage genes in Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar L.): An investigation into transcriptional induction and cell type-specific expression patterns of different L-lineage subgroups |
title_full_unstemmed |
Nonclassical MHC class I L-lineage genes in Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar L.): An investigation into transcriptional induction and cell type-specific expression patterns of different L-lineage subgroups |
title_sort |
nonclassical mhc class i l-lineage genes in atlantic salmon (salmo salar l.): an investigation into transcriptional induction and cell type-specific expression patterns of different l-lineage subgroups |
publisher |
UiT The Arctic University of Norway |
publishDate |
2023 |
url |
https://hdl.handle.net/10037/33563 |
genre |
Atlantic salmon Salmo salar |
genre_facet |
Atlantic salmon Salmo salar |
op_relation |
https://hdl.handle.net/10037/33563 |
op_rights |
Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0) openAccess Copyright 2023 The Author(s) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0 |
_version_ |
1802642247693369344 |