From Winter to Late Summer in the Northwestern Barents Sea Shelf: Impacts of Seasonal Progression of Sea Ice and Upper Ocean on Nutrient and Phytoplankton Dynamics
Strong seasonality is a key feature of high-latitude systems like the Barents Sea. While the interannual variability and long-term changes of the Barents Sea are well-documented, the seasonal progression of the physical and biological systems is less known, mainly due to poor accessibility of the se...
Published in: | Progress in Oceanography |
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Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , |
Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
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2023
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Online Access: | https://hdl.handle.net/10037/32252 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pocean.2023.103174 |
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ftunivtroemsoe:oai:munin.uit.no:10037/32252 2024-01-28T10:03:52+01:00 From Winter to Late Summer in the Northwestern Barents Sea Shelf: Impacts of Seasonal Progression of Sea Ice and Upper Ocean on Nutrient and Phytoplankton Dynamics Koenig, Zoe Charlotte Muilwijk, Morven Sandven, Håkon Johan Lundesgaard, Øyvind Assmy, Philipp Kurt Wolf Lind, Sigrid Gjessing Assmann, Karen Chierici, Melissa Fransson, Agneta Gerland, Sebastian Jones, Elizabeth Marie Renner, Angelika Granskog, Mats 2023-09-11 https://hdl.handle.net/10037/32252 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pocean.2023.103174 eng eng Elsevier Progress in Oceanography Norges forskningsråd: 276730 EC/H2020: CRiceS info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/H2020/101003826/Norway/ProjecClimate relevant interactions and feedbacks: the key role of sea ice and snow in the polar and global climate systemtName/CRiceS/ Koenig, Muilwijk, Sandven, Lundesgaard, Assmy, Lind, Assmann, Chierici, Fransson, Gerland, Jones, Renner, Granskog. From Winter to Late Summer in the Northwestern Barents Sea Shelf: Impacts of Seasonal Progression of Sea Ice and Upper Ocean on Nutrient and Phytoplankton Dynamics. Progress in Oceanography. 2023 FRIDAID 2200756 doi:10.1016/j.pocean.2023.103174 0079-6611 1873-4472 https://hdl.handle.net/10037/32252 Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) openAccess Copyright 2023 The Author(s) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 VDP::Matematikk og naturvitenskap: 400::Geofag: 450::Oseanografi: 452 VDP::Mathematics and natural scienses: 400::Geosciences: 450::Oceanography: 452 Barentshavet / Barents Sea Fytoplankton / Phytoplankton Marin irradians / Marine irradiance Næringssalter / Nutrients Sjøis / Sea ice Journal article Tidsskriftartikkel Peer reviewed publishedVersion 2023 ftunivtroemsoe https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pocean.2023.103174 2024-01-04T00:08:06Z Strong seasonality is a key feature of high-latitude systems like the Barents Sea. While the interannual variability and long-term changes of the Barents Sea are well-documented, the seasonal progression of the physical and biological systems is less known, mainly due to poor accessibility of the seasonally ice-covered area in winter and spring. Here, we use an extensive set of physical and biological in situ observations from four scientific expeditions covering the seasonal progression from late winter to late summer 2021 in the northwestern Barents Sea, from fully ice-covered to ice-free conditions. We found that sea ice meltwater and the timing of ice-free conditions in summer shape the environment, controlling heat accumulation, light and nutrient availability, and biological activity vertically, seasonally, and meridionally. In March and May, the ocean north of the Polar Front was ice-covered and featured a deep mixed layer. Chlorophyll-a concentrations increased strongly from March to May along with greater euphotic depth, indicating the beginning of the spring bloom despite the absence of surface layer stratification. By July and in September, sea ice meltwater created a shallow low-density surface layer that strengthened stratification. In open water, chlorophyll-a maxima were found at the base of this layer as surface nutrients were depleted, while in the presence of ice, maxima were closer to the surface. Solar heating and the thickness of the surface layer increased with the number of ice-free days. The summer data showed a prime example of an Arctic-like space-for-time seasonal variability in the key physical and biological patterns, with the summer situation progressing northwards following sea ice retreat. The amount of sea ice melt (local or imported) has a strong control on the conditions in the northwestern Barents Sea, and the conditions in late 2021 resembled pre-2010 Arctic-like conditions with high freshwater content and lower ocean heat content. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Barents Sea Barentshav* Phytoplankton Sea ice University of Tromsø: Munin Open Research Archive Arctic Barents Sea Progress in Oceanography 220 103174 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
University of Tromsø: Munin Open Research Archive |
op_collection_id |
ftunivtroemsoe |
language |
English |
topic |
VDP::Matematikk og naturvitenskap: 400::Geofag: 450::Oseanografi: 452 VDP::Mathematics and natural scienses: 400::Geosciences: 450::Oceanography: 452 Barentshavet / Barents Sea Fytoplankton / Phytoplankton Marin irradians / Marine irradiance Næringssalter / Nutrients Sjøis / Sea ice |
spellingShingle |
VDP::Matematikk og naturvitenskap: 400::Geofag: 450::Oseanografi: 452 VDP::Mathematics and natural scienses: 400::Geosciences: 450::Oceanography: 452 Barentshavet / Barents Sea Fytoplankton / Phytoplankton Marin irradians / Marine irradiance Næringssalter / Nutrients Sjøis / Sea ice Koenig, Zoe Charlotte Muilwijk, Morven Sandven, Håkon Johan Lundesgaard, Øyvind Assmy, Philipp Kurt Wolf Lind, Sigrid Gjessing Assmann, Karen Chierici, Melissa Fransson, Agneta Gerland, Sebastian Jones, Elizabeth Marie Renner, Angelika Granskog, Mats From Winter to Late Summer in the Northwestern Barents Sea Shelf: Impacts of Seasonal Progression of Sea Ice and Upper Ocean on Nutrient and Phytoplankton Dynamics |
topic_facet |
VDP::Matematikk og naturvitenskap: 400::Geofag: 450::Oseanografi: 452 VDP::Mathematics and natural scienses: 400::Geosciences: 450::Oceanography: 452 Barentshavet / Barents Sea Fytoplankton / Phytoplankton Marin irradians / Marine irradiance Næringssalter / Nutrients Sjøis / Sea ice |
description |
Strong seasonality is a key feature of high-latitude systems like the Barents Sea. While the interannual variability and long-term changes of the Barents Sea are well-documented, the seasonal progression of the physical and biological systems is less known, mainly due to poor accessibility of the seasonally ice-covered area in winter and spring. Here, we use an extensive set of physical and biological in situ observations from four scientific expeditions covering the seasonal progression from late winter to late summer 2021 in the northwestern Barents Sea, from fully ice-covered to ice-free conditions. We found that sea ice meltwater and the timing of ice-free conditions in summer shape the environment, controlling heat accumulation, light and nutrient availability, and biological activity vertically, seasonally, and meridionally. In March and May, the ocean north of the Polar Front was ice-covered and featured a deep mixed layer. Chlorophyll-a concentrations increased strongly from March to May along with greater euphotic depth, indicating the beginning of the spring bloom despite the absence of surface layer stratification. By July and in September, sea ice meltwater created a shallow low-density surface layer that strengthened stratification. In open water, chlorophyll-a maxima were found at the base of this layer as surface nutrients were depleted, while in the presence of ice, maxima were closer to the surface. Solar heating and the thickness of the surface layer increased with the number of ice-free days. The summer data showed a prime example of an Arctic-like space-for-time seasonal variability in the key physical and biological patterns, with the summer situation progressing northwards following sea ice retreat. The amount of sea ice melt (local or imported) has a strong control on the conditions in the northwestern Barents Sea, and the conditions in late 2021 resembled pre-2010 Arctic-like conditions with high freshwater content and lower ocean heat content. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Koenig, Zoe Charlotte Muilwijk, Morven Sandven, Håkon Johan Lundesgaard, Øyvind Assmy, Philipp Kurt Wolf Lind, Sigrid Gjessing Assmann, Karen Chierici, Melissa Fransson, Agneta Gerland, Sebastian Jones, Elizabeth Marie Renner, Angelika Granskog, Mats |
author_facet |
Koenig, Zoe Charlotte Muilwijk, Morven Sandven, Håkon Johan Lundesgaard, Øyvind Assmy, Philipp Kurt Wolf Lind, Sigrid Gjessing Assmann, Karen Chierici, Melissa Fransson, Agneta Gerland, Sebastian Jones, Elizabeth Marie Renner, Angelika Granskog, Mats |
author_sort |
Koenig, Zoe Charlotte |
title |
From Winter to Late Summer in the Northwestern Barents Sea Shelf: Impacts of Seasonal Progression of Sea Ice and Upper Ocean on Nutrient and Phytoplankton Dynamics |
title_short |
From Winter to Late Summer in the Northwestern Barents Sea Shelf: Impacts of Seasonal Progression of Sea Ice and Upper Ocean on Nutrient and Phytoplankton Dynamics |
title_full |
From Winter to Late Summer in the Northwestern Barents Sea Shelf: Impacts of Seasonal Progression of Sea Ice and Upper Ocean on Nutrient and Phytoplankton Dynamics |
title_fullStr |
From Winter to Late Summer in the Northwestern Barents Sea Shelf: Impacts of Seasonal Progression of Sea Ice and Upper Ocean on Nutrient and Phytoplankton Dynamics |
title_full_unstemmed |
From Winter to Late Summer in the Northwestern Barents Sea Shelf: Impacts of Seasonal Progression of Sea Ice and Upper Ocean on Nutrient and Phytoplankton Dynamics |
title_sort |
from winter to late summer in the northwestern barents sea shelf: impacts of seasonal progression of sea ice and upper ocean on nutrient and phytoplankton dynamics |
publisher |
Elsevier |
publishDate |
2023 |
url |
https://hdl.handle.net/10037/32252 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pocean.2023.103174 |
geographic |
Arctic Barents Sea |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Barents Sea |
genre |
Arctic Barents Sea Barentshav* Phytoplankton Sea ice |
genre_facet |
Arctic Barents Sea Barentshav* Phytoplankton Sea ice |
op_relation |
Progress in Oceanography Norges forskningsråd: 276730 EC/H2020: CRiceS info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/H2020/101003826/Norway/ProjecClimate relevant interactions and feedbacks: the key role of sea ice and snow in the polar and global climate systemtName/CRiceS/ Koenig, Muilwijk, Sandven, Lundesgaard, Assmy, Lind, Assmann, Chierici, Fransson, Gerland, Jones, Renner, Granskog. From Winter to Late Summer in the Northwestern Barents Sea Shelf: Impacts of Seasonal Progression of Sea Ice and Upper Ocean on Nutrient and Phytoplankton Dynamics. Progress in Oceanography. 2023 FRIDAID 2200756 doi:10.1016/j.pocean.2023.103174 0079-6611 1873-4472 https://hdl.handle.net/10037/32252 |
op_rights |
Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) openAccess Copyright 2023 The Author(s) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pocean.2023.103174 |
container_title |
Progress in Oceanography |
container_volume |
220 |
container_start_page |
103174 |
_version_ |
1789329414335496192 |