Vertical Carbon Export in a Changing Arctic Seasonal Ice Zone: Composition and seasonality in the area north of Svalbard and in an Arctic glacial fjord
The ocean’s biological carbon pump (BCP) is a vital part of the global carbon cycle as it produces, transforms, and transfers organic carbon from the surface ocean to the deep. To model the oceans capacity to store carbon today and in the future, we need to understand these processes well. In the Eu...
Main Author: | |
---|---|
Format: | Doctoral or Postdoctoral Thesis |
Language: | English |
Published: |
UiT The Arctic University of Norway
2023
|
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://hdl.handle.net/10037/31883 |
id |
ftunivtroemsoe:oai:munin.uit.no:10037/31883 |
---|---|
record_format |
openpolar |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
University of Tromsø: Munin Open Research Archive |
op_collection_id |
ftunivtroemsoe |
language |
English |
topic |
VDP::Mathematics and natural science: 400::Zoology and botany: 480::Marine biology: 497 VDP::Matematikk og Naturvitenskap: 400::Zoologiske og botaniske fag: 480::Marinbiologi: 497 VDP::Mathematics and natural science: 400::Zoology and botany: 480::Ecology: 488 VDP::Matematikk og Naturvitenskap: 400::Zoologiske og botaniske fag: 480::Økologi: 488 DOKTOR-002 |
spellingShingle |
VDP::Mathematics and natural science: 400::Zoology and botany: 480::Marine biology: 497 VDP::Matematikk og Naturvitenskap: 400::Zoologiske og botaniske fag: 480::Marinbiologi: 497 VDP::Mathematics and natural science: 400::Zoology and botany: 480::Ecology: 488 VDP::Matematikk og Naturvitenskap: 400::Zoologiske og botaniske fag: 480::Økologi: 488 DOKTOR-002 Dybwad, Christine Vertical Carbon Export in a Changing Arctic Seasonal Ice Zone: Composition and seasonality in the area north of Svalbard and in an Arctic glacial fjord |
topic_facet |
VDP::Mathematics and natural science: 400::Zoology and botany: 480::Marine biology: 497 VDP::Matematikk og Naturvitenskap: 400::Zoologiske og botaniske fag: 480::Marinbiologi: 497 VDP::Mathematics and natural science: 400::Zoology and botany: 480::Ecology: 488 VDP::Matematikk og Naturvitenskap: 400::Zoologiske og botaniske fag: 480::Økologi: 488 DOKTOR-002 |
description |
The ocean’s biological carbon pump (BCP) is a vital part of the global carbon cycle as it produces, transforms, and transfers organic carbon from the surface ocean to the deep. To model the oceans capacity to store carbon today and in the future, we need to understand these processes well. In the Eurasian Arctic, the marine ecosystems who control most of the BCP face a rapid decline in sea ice cover, ocean warming and the increased prominence of the Atlantic water (AW), as well as glacier mass loss in their fjords. The aim of this work was to investigate the current seasonal patterns and to identify the relative protist, zooplankton fecal pellet and detritus composition of vertical carbon export in the northward-retreating and AW influenced seasonal sea ice zone north of Svalbard and in an Arctic glacial fjord (Billefjorden, Svalbard), using short- and long-term sediment traps. The key findings of this thesis include, 1) clear and comparable seasonal patterns in vertical carbon export across study sites and sediment trap designs, 2) diatom blooms and zooplankton fecal pellets were important constituents of heightened vertical carbon fluxes, especially where AW advected blooms into unfavorable light conditions or brought in high abundances of zooplankton, and 3) estuarine circulation and high turnover of nutrients and production drive vertical carbon export in a fjord experiencing glacier transition. Our studies suggest than in an Arctic where seasonal ice is reduced, the annual amount of organic carbon exported to depth may not change but that it will be increasingly reworked rather than phytoplankton derived. This thesis provides the first measured annual vertical carbon export rates in the region north of Svalbard and highlights the role of AW and plankton communities in driving the BCP in these highly dynamic and rapidly changing regions of the Arctic. Koblingen av planteproduksjon i de lysrike overflatelagene i havet og havdypet der mange organismer lever påvirkes av klimaendringer. I det arktiske marine ... |
format |
Doctoral or Postdoctoral Thesis |
author |
Dybwad, Christine |
author_facet |
Dybwad, Christine |
author_sort |
Dybwad, Christine |
title |
Vertical Carbon Export in a Changing Arctic Seasonal Ice Zone: Composition and seasonality in the area north of Svalbard and in an Arctic glacial fjord |
title_short |
Vertical Carbon Export in a Changing Arctic Seasonal Ice Zone: Composition and seasonality in the area north of Svalbard and in an Arctic glacial fjord |
title_full |
Vertical Carbon Export in a Changing Arctic Seasonal Ice Zone: Composition and seasonality in the area north of Svalbard and in an Arctic glacial fjord |
title_fullStr |
Vertical Carbon Export in a Changing Arctic Seasonal Ice Zone: Composition and seasonality in the area north of Svalbard and in an Arctic glacial fjord |
title_full_unstemmed |
Vertical Carbon Export in a Changing Arctic Seasonal Ice Zone: Composition and seasonality in the area north of Svalbard and in an Arctic glacial fjord |
title_sort |
vertical carbon export in a changing arctic seasonal ice zone: composition and seasonality in the area north of svalbard and in an arctic glacial fjord |
publisher |
UiT The Arctic University of Norway |
publishDate |
2023 |
url |
https://hdl.handle.net/10037/31883 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(-63.608,-63.608,-65.506,-65.506) ENVELOPE(16.417,16.417,78.563,78.563) |
geographic |
Arctic Svalbard Lever Billefjorden |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Svalbard Lever Billefjorden |
genre |
Arctic Arctic Arktis* Billefjorden glacier Phytoplankton Sea ice Svalbard Zooplankton |
genre_facet |
Arctic Arctic Arktis* Billefjorden glacier Phytoplankton Sea ice Svalbard Zooplankton |
op_relation |
Paper I: Dybwad, C., Assmy, P., Olsen, L.M., Peeken, I., Nikolopoulos, A., Krumpen, T., Randelhoff, A., Tatarek, A., Wiktor, J.M. & Reigstad, M. (2021). Carbon Export in the Seasonal Sea Ice Zone North of Svalbard From Winter to Late Summer. Frontiers in Marine Science, 7 , 525800. Also available in Munin at https://hdl.handle.net/10037/21865 . Paper II: Dybwad, C., Lalande, C., Bodur, Y.V., Henley, S.F., Cottier, F., Ershova, E.A., Hobbs, L., Last, K.S., Dąbrowska, A.M. & Reigstad, M. (2022). The Influence of Sea Ice Cover and Atlantic Water Advection on Annual Particle Export North of Svalbard. Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, 127 (10), e2022JC018897. Also available in Munin at https://hdl.handle.net/10037/27145 . Paper III: Dybwad, C., Vonnahme, T.R., Dietrich, U., Elster, J., Hejduková, E., Goraguer, L. & Reigstad, M.A. Transition From Marine- to Land-Terminating Glacier – Implications for Marine Plankton and Pelagic-Benthic Coupling Under Light and Nutrient Limited Conditions. (Manuscript). Assmy, P., Duarte, P., Dujardin, J., Fernández-Méndez, M., Fransson, A., Hodgson, R., et al. (2016). N-ICE2015 water column biogeochemistry [Data set]. Norwegian Polar Institute. https://doi.org/10.21334/npolar.2016.3ebb7f64 Reigstad, M., Seuthe, L., Vernet, M., Tremblay, & J. É., Kristiansen, S. (2017): CarbonBridge - Concentration of suspended and sinking nutrients and organic material in the waters northwest of Spitsbergen in 2014 [Dataset]. PANGAEA. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.875790 Dybwad, C., Assmy, P. (submitted): Concentrations of exported organic matter during research project N-ICE2015 north of Svalbard [Dataset]. PANGAEA. Dybwad, C., Reigstad, M., Nikolopoulos, A., Peeken, I. & Kristiansen, S. (2020): Concentrations of suspended and exported organic matter and nutrients during POLARSTERN cruise PS92 (ARK-XXIX/1 TRANSSIZ) in May and June 2015 north of Svalbard [Dataset]. PANGAEA. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.910883 Dybwad, C. S., Bodur, Y., Reigstad, M. & Cottier, F. (2022a). Nansen Legacy and Arctic PRIZE sequential sediment trap particle data, collected north of Svalbard from October 2017 to October 2018 [Dataset]. Norstore. https://doi.org/10.11582/2022.00044 Dybwad, C. S., Bodur, Y., Reigstad, M. & Cottier, F. (2022b). Nansen Legacy and Arctic PRIZE sequential sediment trap protist and zooplankton data, collected north of Svalbard from October 2017 to October 2018 [Dataset]. Norstore. https://doi.org/10.11582/2022.00045 Cottier, F. R., Drysdale, L., Dumont, E., Henley, S. F., Hobbs, L., Porter, M. & Venables, E. (2022a). Arctic PRIZE western mooring data incorporating CTD, Nitrate, ADCP, and temperature sensors north of Svalbard at approximately 81°02'N, 18°25'E, September 2017 to November 2019 [Dataset]. NERC EDS British Oceanographic Data Center NOC. https://doi.org/10.5285/e7db55e3-2899-1b40-e053-17d1a68b98b8 Cottier, F. R., Drysdale, L., Dumont, E., Henley, S. F., Hobbs, L., Porter, M., & Venables, E. (2022b). Arctic PRIZE eastern mooring data incorporating CTD, Nitrate, ADCP, and temperature sensors, north of Svalbard at approximately 81°18'N, 31°20'E, September 2017 to November 2019 [Dataset]. NERC EDS British Oceanographic Data Center NOC. https://doi.org/10.5285/e7db55e3-2898-1b40-e053-17d1a68b98b8 978-82-8266-256-7 https://hdl.handle.net/10037/31883 |
op_rights |
openAccess Copyright 2023 The Author(s) |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.21334/npolar.2016.3ebb7f64 |
_version_ |
1786174722450391040 |
spelling |
ftunivtroemsoe:oai:munin.uit.no:10037/31883 2023-12-24T10:12:30+01:00 Vertical Carbon Export in a Changing Arctic Seasonal Ice Zone: Composition and seasonality in the area north of Svalbard and in an Arctic glacial fjord Dybwad, Christine 2023-12-11 https://hdl.handle.net/10037/31883 eng eng UiT The Arctic University of Norway UiT Norges arktiske universitet Paper I: Dybwad, C., Assmy, P., Olsen, L.M., Peeken, I., Nikolopoulos, A., Krumpen, T., Randelhoff, A., Tatarek, A., Wiktor, J.M. & Reigstad, M. (2021). Carbon Export in the Seasonal Sea Ice Zone North of Svalbard From Winter to Late Summer. Frontiers in Marine Science, 7 , 525800. Also available in Munin at https://hdl.handle.net/10037/21865 . Paper II: Dybwad, C., Lalande, C., Bodur, Y.V., Henley, S.F., Cottier, F., Ershova, E.A., Hobbs, L., Last, K.S., Dąbrowska, A.M. & Reigstad, M. (2022). The Influence of Sea Ice Cover and Atlantic Water Advection on Annual Particle Export North of Svalbard. Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, 127 (10), e2022JC018897. Also available in Munin at https://hdl.handle.net/10037/27145 . Paper III: Dybwad, C., Vonnahme, T.R., Dietrich, U., Elster, J., Hejduková, E., Goraguer, L. & Reigstad, M.A. Transition From Marine- to Land-Terminating Glacier – Implications for Marine Plankton and Pelagic-Benthic Coupling Under Light and Nutrient Limited Conditions. (Manuscript). Assmy, P., Duarte, P., Dujardin, J., Fernández-Méndez, M., Fransson, A., Hodgson, R., et al. (2016). N-ICE2015 water column biogeochemistry [Data set]. Norwegian Polar Institute. https://doi.org/10.21334/npolar.2016.3ebb7f64 Reigstad, M., Seuthe, L., Vernet, M., Tremblay, & J. É., Kristiansen, S. (2017): CarbonBridge - Concentration of suspended and sinking nutrients and organic material in the waters northwest of Spitsbergen in 2014 [Dataset]. PANGAEA. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.875790 Dybwad, C., Assmy, P. (submitted): Concentrations of exported organic matter during research project N-ICE2015 north of Svalbard [Dataset]. PANGAEA. Dybwad, C., Reigstad, M., Nikolopoulos, A., Peeken, I. & Kristiansen, S. (2020): Concentrations of suspended and exported organic matter and nutrients during POLARSTERN cruise PS92 (ARK-XXIX/1 TRANSSIZ) in May and June 2015 north of Svalbard [Dataset]. PANGAEA. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.910883 Dybwad, C. S., Bodur, Y., Reigstad, M. & Cottier, F. (2022a). Nansen Legacy and Arctic PRIZE sequential sediment trap particle data, collected north of Svalbard from October 2017 to October 2018 [Dataset]. Norstore. https://doi.org/10.11582/2022.00044 Dybwad, C. S., Bodur, Y., Reigstad, M. & Cottier, F. (2022b). Nansen Legacy and Arctic PRIZE sequential sediment trap protist and zooplankton data, collected north of Svalbard from October 2017 to October 2018 [Dataset]. Norstore. https://doi.org/10.11582/2022.00045 Cottier, F. R., Drysdale, L., Dumont, E., Henley, S. F., Hobbs, L., Porter, M. & Venables, E. (2022a). Arctic PRIZE western mooring data incorporating CTD, Nitrate, ADCP, and temperature sensors north of Svalbard at approximately 81°02'N, 18°25'E, September 2017 to November 2019 [Dataset]. NERC EDS British Oceanographic Data Center NOC. https://doi.org/10.5285/e7db55e3-2899-1b40-e053-17d1a68b98b8 Cottier, F. R., Drysdale, L., Dumont, E., Henley, S. F., Hobbs, L., Porter, M., & Venables, E. (2022b). Arctic PRIZE eastern mooring data incorporating CTD, Nitrate, ADCP, and temperature sensors, north of Svalbard at approximately 81°18'N, 31°20'E, September 2017 to November 2019 [Dataset]. NERC EDS British Oceanographic Data Center NOC. https://doi.org/10.5285/e7db55e3-2898-1b40-e053-17d1a68b98b8 978-82-8266-256-7 https://hdl.handle.net/10037/31883 openAccess Copyright 2023 The Author(s) VDP::Mathematics and natural science: 400::Zoology and botany: 480::Marine biology: 497 VDP::Matematikk og Naturvitenskap: 400::Zoologiske og botaniske fag: 480::Marinbiologi: 497 VDP::Mathematics and natural science: 400::Zoology and botany: 480::Ecology: 488 VDP::Matematikk og Naturvitenskap: 400::Zoologiske og botaniske fag: 480::Økologi: 488 DOKTOR-002 Doctoral thesis Doktorgradsavhandling 2023 ftunivtroemsoe https://doi.org/10.21334/npolar.2016.3ebb7f64 2023-11-30T00:08:24Z The ocean’s biological carbon pump (BCP) is a vital part of the global carbon cycle as it produces, transforms, and transfers organic carbon from the surface ocean to the deep. To model the oceans capacity to store carbon today and in the future, we need to understand these processes well. In the Eurasian Arctic, the marine ecosystems who control most of the BCP face a rapid decline in sea ice cover, ocean warming and the increased prominence of the Atlantic water (AW), as well as glacier mass loss in their fjords. The aim of this work was to investigate the current seasonal patterns and to identify the relative protist, zooplankton fecal pellet and detritus composition of vertical carbon export in the northward-retreating and AW influenced seasonal sea ice zone north of Svalbard and in an Arctic glacial fjord (Billefjorden, Svalbard), using short- and long-term sediment traps. The key findings of this thesis include, 1) clear and comparable seasonal patterns in vertical carbon export across study sites and sediment trap designs, 2) diatom blooms and zooplankton fecal pellets were important constituents of heightened vertical carbon fluxes, especially where AW advected blooms into unfavorable light conditions or brought in high abundances of zooplankton, and 3) estuarine circulation and high turnover of nutrients and production drive vertical carbon export in a fjord experiencing glacier transition. Our studies suggest than in an Arctic where seasonal ice is reduced, the annual amount of organic carbon exported to depth may not change but that it will be increasingly reworked rather than phytoplankton derived. This thesis provides the first measured annual vertical carbon export rates in the region north of Svalbard and highlights the role of AW and plankton communities in driving the BCP in these highly dynamic and rapidly changing regions of the Arctic. Koblingen av planteproduksjon i de lysrike overflatelagene i havet og havdypet der mange organismer lever påvirkes av klimaendringer. I det arktiske marine ... Doctoral or Postdoctoral Thesis Arctic Arctic Arktis* Billefjorden glacier Phytoplankton Sea ice Svalbard Zooplankton University of Tromsø: Munin Open Research Archive Arctic Svalbard Lever ENVELOPE(-63.608,-63.608,-65.506,-65.506) Billefjorden ENVELOPE(16.417,16.417,78.563,78.563) |