Temporal evolution of under-ice meltwater layers and false bottoms and their impact on summer Arctic sea ice mass balance

Low-salinity meltwater from Arctic sea ice and its snow cover accumulates and creates under-ice meltwater layers below sea ice.These meltwater layers can result in the formation of new ice layers, or false bottoms, at the interface of this low-salinity meltwater and colder seawater. As part of the M...

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Published in:Elementa: Science of the Anthropocene
Main Authors: Salganik, Evgenii, Katlein, Christian, Lange, Benjamin, Matero, Ilkka, Lei, Ruibo, Fong, Allison A., Fons, Steven, Divine, Dmitry, Oggier, Marc, Castellani, Giulia, Bozzato, Deborah, Chamberlain, Emelia, Hoppe, Clara J. M., Müller, Oliver, Gardner, Jessie, Rinke, Annette, Simoes Pereira, Patric, Ulfsbo, Adam, Marsay, Christopher, Webster, Melinda, Maus, Sønke, Høyland, Knut Vilhelm, Granskog, Mats
Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
Language:English
Published: University of California Press 2023
Subjects:
Online Access:https://hdl.handle.net/10037/30456
https://doi.org/10.1525/elementa.2022.00035
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spelling ftunivtroemsoe:oai:munin.uit.no:10037/30456 2023-09-26T15:12:17+02:00 Temporal evolution of under-ice meltwater layers and false bottoms and their impact on summer Arctic sea ice mass balance Salganik, Evgenii Katlein, Christian Lange, Benjamin Matero, Ilkka Lei, Ruibo Fong, Allison A. Fons, Steven Divine, Dmitry Oggier, Marc Castellani, Giulia Bozzato, Deborah Chamberlain, Emelia Hoppe, Clara J. M. Müller, Oliver Gardner, Jessie Rinke, Annette Simoes Pereira, Patric Ulfsbo, Adam Marsay, Christopher Webster, Melinda Maus, Sønke Høyland, Knut Vilhelm Granskog, Mats 2023-03-31 https://hdl.handle.net/10037/30456 https://doi.org/10.1525/elementa.2022.00035 eng eng University of California Press Elementa: Science of the Anthropocene info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/H2020/730695/EU/Arctic Research Icebreaker Consortium: A strategy for meeting the needs for marine-based research in the Arctic/ARICE/ Salganik, Katlein, Lange, Matero, Lei, Fong, Fons, Divine, Oggier, Castellani, Bozzato, Chamberlain, Hoppe, Müller, Gardner, Rinke, Simoes Pereira, Ulfsbo, Marsay, Webster, Maus, Høyland, Granskog. Temporal evolution of under-ice meltwater layers and false bottoms and their impact on summer Arctic sea ice mass balance. Elementa: Science of the Anthropocene. 2023;11(1) FRIDAID 2139832 doi:10.1525/elementa.2022.00035 2325-1026 https://hdl.handle.net/10037/30456 Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) openAccess Copyright 2023 The Author(s) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 VDP::Matematikk og naturvitenskap: 400::Geofag: 450::Andre geofag: 469 VDP::Mathematics and natural scienses: 400::Geosciences: 450::Other geosciences: 469 Polhavet / Arctic ocean Sjøis / Sea ice Journal article Tidsskriftartikkel Peer reviewed publishedVersion 2023 ftunivtroemsoe https://doi.org/10.1525/elementa.2022.00035 2023-08-30T23:07:24Z Low-salinity meltwater from Arctic sea ice and its snow cover accumulates and creates under-ice meltwater layers below sea ice.These meltwater layers can result in the formation of new ice layers, or false bottoms, at the interface of this low-salinity meltwater and colder seawater. As part of the Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of the Arctic Climate (MOSAiC), we used a combination of sea ice coring, temperature profiles from thermistor strings and underwater multibeam sonar surveys with a remotely operated vehicle (ROV) to study the areal coverage and temporal evolution of under-ice meltwater layers and false bottoms during the summer melt season from mid-June until late July. ROV surveys indicated that the areal coverage of false bottoms for a part of the MOSAiC Central Observatory (350 by 200 m2 ) was 21%. Presence of false bottoms reduced bottom ice melt by 7–8% due to the local decrease in the ocean heat flux, which can be described by a thermodynamic model. Under-ice meltwater layer thickness was larger below first-year ice and thinner below thicker second-year ice. We also found that thick ice and ridge keels confined the areas in which under-ice meltwater accumulated, preventing its mixing with underlying seawater. While a thermodynamic model could reproduce false bottom growth and melt, it could not describe the observed bottom melt rates of the ice above false bottoms. We also show that the evolution of under-ice meltwaterlayer salinity below first-year ice is linked to brine flushing from the above sea ice and accumulating in the meltwater layer above the false bottom.The results of this study aid in estimating the contribution of underice meltwater layers and false bottoms to the mass balance and salt budget for Arctic summer sea ice. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Arctic Arctic Ocean Polhav* Polhavet Sea ice University of Tromsø: Munin Open Research Archive Arctic Arctic Ocean Elementa: Science of the Anthropocene 11 1
institution Open Polar
collection University of Tromsø: Munin Open Research Archive
op_collection_id ftunivtroemsoe
language English
topic VDP::Matematikk og naturvitenskap: 400::Geofag: 450::Andre geofag: 469
VDP::Mathematics and natural scienses: 400::Geosciences: 450::Other geosciences: 469
Polhavet / Arctic ocean
Sjøis / Sea ice
spellingShingle VDP::Matematikk og naturvitenskap: 400::Geofag: 450::Andre geofag: 469
VDP::Mathematics and natural scienses: 400::Geosciences: 450::Other geosciences: 469
Polhavet / Arctic ocean
Sjøis / Sea ice
Salganik, Evgenii
Katlein, Christian
Lange, Benjamin
Matero, Ilkka
Lei, Ruibo
Fong, Allison A.
Fons, Steven
Divine, Dmitry
Oggier, Marc
Castellani, Giulia
Bozzato, Deborah
Chamberlain, Emelia
Hoppe, Clara J. M.
Müller, Oliver
Gardner, Jessie
Rinke, Annette
Simoes Pereira, Patric
Ulfsbo, Adam
Marsay, Christopher
Webster, Melinda
Maus, Sønke
Høyland, Knut Vilhelm
Granskog, Mats
Temporal evolution of under-ice meltwater layers and false bottoms and their impact on summer Arctic sea ice mass balance
topic_facet VDP::Matematikk og naturvitenskap: 400::Geofag: 450::Andre geofag: 469
VDP::Mathematics and natural scienses: 400::Geosciences: 450::Other geosciences: 469
Polhavet / Arctic ocean
Sjøis / Sea ice
description Low-salinity meltwater from Arctic sea ice and its snow cover accumulates and creates under-ice meltwater layers below sea ice.These meltwater layers can result in the formation of new ice layers, or false bottoms, at the interface of this low-salinity meltwater and colder seawater. As part of the Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of the Arctic Climate (MOSAiC), we used a combination of sea ice coring, temperature profiles from thermistor strings and underwater multibeam sonar surveys with a remotely operated vehicle (ROV) to study the areal coverage and temporal evolution of under-ice meltwater layers and false bottoms during the summer melt season from mid-June until late July. ROV surveys indicated that the areal coverage of false bottoms for a part of the MOSAiC Central Observatory (350 by 200 m2 ) was 21%. Presence of false bottoms reduced bottom ice melt by 7–8% due to the local decrease in the ocean heat flux, which can be described by a thermodynamic model. Under-ice meltwater layer thickness was larger below first-year ice and thinner below thicker second-year ice. We also found that thick ice and ridge keels confined the areas in which under-ice meltwater accumulated, preventing its mixing with underlying seawater. While a thermodynamic model could reproduce false bottom growth and melt, it could not describe the observed bottom melt rates of the ice above false bottoms. We also show that the evolution of under-ice meltwaterlayer salinity below first-year ice is linked to brine flushing from the above sea ice and accumulating in the meltwater layer above the false bottom.The results of this study aid in estimating the contribution of underice meltwater layers and false bottoms to the mass balance and salt budget for Arctic summer sea ice.
format Article in Journal/Newspaper
author Salganik, Evgenii
Katlein, Christian
Lange, Benjamin
Matero, Ilkka
Lei, Ruibo
Fong, Allison A.
Fons, Steven
Divine, Dmitry
Oggier, Marc
Castellani, Giulia
Bozzato, Deborah
Chamberlain, Emelia
Hoppe, Clara J. M.
Müller, Oliver
Gardner, Jessie
Rinke, Annette
Simoes Pereira, Patric
Ulfsbo, Adam
Marsay, Christopher
Webster, Melinda
Maus, Sønke
Høyland, Knut Vilhelm
Granskog, Mats
author_facet Salganik, Evgenii
Katlein, Christian
Lange, Benjamin
Matero, Ilkka
Lei, Ruibo
Fong, Allison A.
Fons, Steven
Divine, Dmitry
Oggier, Marc
Castellani, Giulia
Bozzato, Deborah
Chamberlain, Emelia
Hoppe, Clara J. M.
Müller, Oliver
Gardner, Jessie
Rinke, Annette
Simoes Pereira, Patric
Ulfsbo, Adam
Marsay, Christopher
Webster, Melinda
Maus, Sønke
Høyland, Knut Vilhelm
Granskog, Mats
author_sort Salganik, Evgenii
title Temporal evolution of under-ice meltwater layers and false bottoms and their impact on summer Arctic sea ice mass balance
title_short Temporal evolution of under-ice meltwater layers and false bottoms and their impact on summer Arctic sea ice mass balance
title_full Temporal evolution of under-ice meltwater layers and false bottoms and their impact on summer Arctic sea ice mass balance
title_fullStr Temporal evolution of under-ice meltwater layers and false bottoms and their impact on summer Arctic sea ice mass balance
title_full_unstemmed Temporal evolution of under-ice meltwater layers and false bottoms and their impact on summer Arctic sea ice mass balance
title_sort temporal evolution of under-ice meltwater layers and false bottoms and their impact on summer arctic sea ice mass balance
publisher University of California Press
publishDate 2023
url https://hdl.handle.net/10037/30456
https://doi.org/10.1525/elementa.2022.00035
geographic Arctic
Arctic Ocean
geographic_facet Arctic
Arctic Ocean
genre Arctic
Arctic
Arctic Ocean
Polhav*
Polhavet
Sea ice
genre_facet Arctic
Arctic
Arctic Ocean
Polhav*
Polhavet
Sea ice
op_relation Elementa: Science of the Anthropocene
info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/H2020/730695/EU/Arctic Research Icebreaker Consortium: A strategy for meeting the needs for marine-based research in the Arctic/ARICE/
Salganik, Katlein, Lange, Matero, Lei, Fong, Fons, Divine, Oggier, Castellani, Bozzato, Chamberlain, Hoppe, Müller, Gardner, Rinke, Simoes Pereira, Ulfsbo, Marsay, Webster, Maus, Høyland, Granskog. Temporal evolution of under-ice meltwater layers and false bottoms and their impact on summer Arctic sea ice mass balance. Elementa: Science of the Anthropocene. 2023;11(1)
FRIDAID 2139832
doi:10.1525/elementa.2022.00035
2325-1026
https://hdl.handle.net/10037/30456
op_rights Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)
openAccess
Copyright 2023 The Author(s)
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
op_doi https://doi.org/10.1525/elementa.2022.00035
container_title Elementa: Science of the Anthropocene
container_volume 11
container_issue 1
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