Ectoparasites population dynamics are affected by host body size but not host density or water temperature in a 32-year long time series
Host density, host body size and ambient temperature have all been positively associated with increases in parasite infection. However, the relative importance of these factors in shaping long-term parasite population dynamics in wild host populations is unknown due to the absence of long-term studi...
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Online Access: | https://hdl.handle.net/10037/27726 https://doi.org/10.1111/oik.09328 |
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ftunivtroemsoe:oai:munin.uit.no:10037/27726 2023-05-15T14:29:49+02:00 Ectoparasites population dynamics are affected by host body size but not host density or water temperature in a 32-year long time series Henriksen, Eirik Haugstvedt Frainer, André Poulin, Robert Knudsen, Rune Amundsen, Per-Arne 2022-11-22 https://hdl.handle.net/10037/27726 https://doi.org/10.1111/oik.09328 eng eng Wiley Oikos Henriksen, Frainer, Poulin, Knudsen, Amundsen. Ectoparasites population dynamics are affected by host body size but not host density or water temperature in a 32-year long time series. Oikos. 2022 FRIDAID 2089977 doi:10.1111/oik.09328 0030-1299 1600-0706 https://hdl.handle.net/10037/27726 Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) openAccess Copyright 2022 The Author(s) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 CC-BY Journal article Tidsskriftartikkel Peer reviewed publishedVersion 2022 ftunivtroemsoe https://doi.org/10.1111/oik.09328 2022-12-15T00:02:36Z Host density, host body size and ambient temperature have all been positively associated with increases in parasite infection. However, the relative importance of these factors in shaping long-term parasite population dynamics in wild host populations is unknown due to the absence of long-term studies. Here, we examine long-term drivers of gill lice (Copepoda) infections in Arctic charr (Salmonidae) over 32 years. We predicted that host density and body size and water temperature would all positively affect parasite population size and population growth rate. Our results show that fish size was the main driver of gill lice infections in Arctic charr. In addition, Arctic charr became infected at smaller sizes and with more parasites in years of higher brown trout population size. Negative intraguild interactions between brown trout and Arctic charr appear to drive smaller Arctic charr to seek refuge in deeper areas of the lake, thus increasing infection risk. There was no effect of host density on the force of infection, and the relationship between Arctic charr density and parasite mean abundance was negative, possibly due to an encounter-dilution effect. The population densities of host and parasite fluctuated independently of one another. Water temperature had negligible effects on the temporal dynamics of the gill lice population. Understanding long-term drivers of parasite population dynamics is key for research and management. In fish farms, artificially high densities of hosts lead to vast increases in the transmission of parasitic copepods. However, in wild fish populations fluctuating at natural densities, the surface area available for copepodid attachment might be more important than the density of available hosts. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic charr Arctic Copepods University of Tromsø: Munin Open Research Archive Arctic Oikos |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
University of Tromsø: Munin Open Research Archive |
op_collection_id |
ftunivtroemsoe |
language |
English |
description |
Host density, host body size and ambient temperature have all been positively associated with increases in parasite infection. However, the relative importance of these factors in shaping long-term parasite population dynamics in wild host populations is unknown due to the absence of long-term studies. Here, we examine long-term drivers of gill lice (Copepoda) infections in Arctic charr (Salmonidae) over 32 years. We predicted that host density and body size and water temperature would all positively affect parasite population size and population growth rate. Our results show that fish size was the main driver of gill lice infections in Arctic charr. In addition, Arctic charr became infected at smaller sizes and with more parasites in years of higher brown trout population size. Negative intraguild interactions between brown trout and Arctic charr appear to drive smaller Arctic charr to seek refuge in deeper areas of the lake, thus increasing infection risk. There was no effect of host density on the force of infection, and the relationship between Arctic charr density and parasite mean abundance was negative, possibly due to an encounter-dilution effect. The population densities of host and parasite fluctuated independently of one another. Water temperature had negligible effects on the temporal dynamics of the gill lice population. Understanding long-term drivers of parasite population dynamics is key for research and management. In fish farms, artificially high densities of hosts lead to vast increases in the transmission of parasitic copepods. However, in wild fish populations fluctuating at natural densities, the surface area available for copepodid attachment might be more important than the density of available hosts. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Henriksen, Eirik Haugstvedt Frainer, André Poulin, Robert Knudsen, Rune Amundsen, Per-Arne |
spellingShingle |
Henriksen, Eirik Haugstvedt Frainer, André Poulin, Robert Knudsen, Rune Amundsen, Per-Arne Ectoparasites population dynamics are affected by host body size but not host density or water temperature in a 32-year long time series |
author_facet |
Henriksen, Eirik Haugstvedt Frainer, André Poulin, Robert Knudsen, Rune Amundsen, Per-Arne |
author_sort |
Henriksen, Eirik Haugstvedt |
title |
Ectoparasites population dynamics are affected by host body size but not host density or water temperature in a 32-year long time series |
title_short |
Ectoparasites population dynamics are affected by host body size but not host density or water temperature in a 32-year long time series |
title_full |
Ectoparasites population dynamics are affected by host body size but not host density or water temperature in a 32-year long time series |
title_fullStr |
Ectoparasites population dynamics are affected by host body size but not host density or water temperature in a 32-year long time series |
title_full_unstemmed |
Ectoparasites population dynamics are affected by host body size but not host density or water temperature in a 32-year long time series |
title_sort |
ectoparasites population dynamics are affected by host body size but not host density or water temperature in a 32-year long time series |
publisher |
Wiley |
publishDate |
2022 |
url |
https://hdl.handle.net/10037/27726 https://doi.org/10.1111/oik.09328 |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic charr Arctic Copepods |
genre_facet |
Arctic charr Arctic Copepods |
op_relation |
Oikos Henriksen, Frainer, Poulin, Knudsen, Amundsen. Ectoparasites population dynamics are affected by host body size but not host density or water temperature in a 32-year long time series. Oikos. 2022 FRIDAID 2089977 doi:10.1111/oik.09328 0030-1299 1600-0706 https://hdl.handle.net/10037/27726 |
op_rights |
Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) openAccess Copyright 2022 The Author(s) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 |
op_rightsnorm |
CC-BY |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1111/oik.09328 |
container_title |
Oikos |
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1766303775558991872 |