Transcriptomes Suggest That Pinniped and Cetacean Brains Have a High Capacity for Aerobic Metabolism While Reducing Energy-Intensive Processes Such as Synaptic Transmission
The mammalian brain is characterized by high energy expenditure and small energy reserves, making it dependent on continuous vascular oxygen and nutritional supply. The brain is therefore extremely vulnerable to hypoxia. While neurons of most terrestrial mammals suffer from irreversible damage after...
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Online Access: | https://hdl.handle.net/10037/27253 https://doi.org/10.3389/fnmol.2022.877349 |
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ftunivtroemsoe:oai:munin.uit.no:10037/27253 2023-05-15T15:35:59+02:00 Transcriptomes Suggest That Pinniped and Cetacean Brains Have a High Capacity for Aerobic Metabolism While Reducing Energy-Intensive Processes Such as Synaptic Transmission Geßner, Cornelia Krüger, Alena Folkow, Lars Fehrle, Wilfrid Mikkelsen, Bjarni Burmester, Thorsten 2022-05-09 https://hdl.handle.net/10037/27253 https://doi.org/10.3389/fnmol.2022.877349 eng eng Frontiers Media Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience Geßner, Krüger, Folkow, Fehrle, Mikkelsen, Burmester. Transcriptomes Suggest That Pinniped and Cetacean Brains Have a High Capacity for Aerobic Metabolism While Reducing Energy-Intensive Processes Such as Synaptic Transmission. Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience. 2022;15 FRIDAID 2047169 doi:10.3389/fnmol.2022.877349 1662-5099 https://hdl.handle.net/10037/27253 Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) openAccess Copyright 2022 The Author(s) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 CC-BY Journal article Tidsskriftartikkel Peer reviewed publishedVersion 2022 ftunivtroemsoe https://doi.org/10.3389/fnmol.2022.877349 2022-11-10T00:01:31Z The mammalian brain is characterized by high energy expenditure and small energy reserves, making it dependent on continuous vascular oxygen and nutritional supply. The brain is therefore extremely vulnerable to hypoxia. While neurons of most terrestrial mammals suffer from irreversible damage after only short periods of hypoxia, neurons of the deep-diving hooded seal (Cystophora cristata) show a remarkable hypoxiatolerance. To identify the molecular mechanisms underlying the intrinsic hypoxiatolerance, we excised neurons from the visual cortices of hooded seals and mice (Mus musculus) by laser capture microdissection. A comparison of the neuronal transcriptomes suggests that, compared to mice, hooded seal neurons are endowed with an enhanced aerobic metabolic capacity, a reduced synaptic transmission and an elevated antioxidant defense. Publicly available whole-tissue brain transcriptomes of the bowhead whale (Balaena mysticetus), long-finned pilot whale (Globicephala melas), minke whale (Balaenoptera acutorostrata) and killer whale (Orcinus orca), supplemented with 2 newly sequenced long-finned pilot whales, suggest that, compared to cattle (Bos taurus), the cetacean brain also displays elevated aerobic capacity and reduced synaptic transmission. We conclude that the brain energy balance of diving mammals is preserved during diving, due to reduced synaptic transmission that limits energy expenditure, while the elevated aerobic capacity allows efficient use of oxygen to restore energy balance during surfacing between dives. Article in Journal/Newspaper Balaena mysticetus Balaenoptera acutorostrata bowhead whale Cystophora cristata hooded seal Killer Whale minke whale Orca Orcinus orca Killer whale University of Tromsø: Munin Open Research Archive Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience 15 |
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University of Tromsø: Munin Open Research Archive |
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English |
description |
The mammalian brain is characterized by high energy expenditure and small energy reserves, making it dependent on continuous vascular oxygen and nutritional supply. The brain is therefore extremely vulnerable to hypoxia. While neurons of most terrestrial mammals suffer from irreversible damage after only short periods of hypoxia, neurons of the deep-diving hooded seal (Cystophora cristata) show a remarkable hypoxiatolerance. To identify the molecular mechanisms underlying the intrinsic hypoxiatolerance, we excised neurons from the visual cortices of hooded seals and mice (Mus musculus) by laser capture microdissection. A comparison of the neuronal transcriptomes suggests that, compared to mice, hooded seal neurons are endowed with an enhanced aerobic metabolic capacity, a reduced synaptic transmission and an elevated antioxidant defense. Publicly available whole-tissue brain transcriptomes of the bowhead whale (Balaena mysticetus), long-finned pilot whale (Globicephala melas), minke whale (Balaenoptera acutorostrata) and killer whale (Orcinus orca), supplemented with 2 newly sequenced long-finned pilot whales, suggest that, compared to cattle (Bos taurus), the cetacean brain also displays elevated aerobic capacity and reduced synaptic transmission. We conclude that the brain energy balance of diving mammals is preserved during diving, due to reduced synaptic transmission that limits energy expenditure, while the elevated aerobic capacity allows efficient use of oxygen to restore energy balance during surfacing between dives. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Geßner, Cornelia Krüger, Alena Folkow, Lars Fehrle, Wilfrid Mikkelsen, Bjarni Burmester, Thorsten |
spellingShingle |
Geßner, Cornelia Krüger, Alena Folkow, Lars Fehrle, Wilfrid Mikkelsen, Bjarni Burmester, Thorsten Transcriptomes Suggest That Pinniped and Cetacean Brains Have a High Capacity for Aerobic Metabolism While Reducing Energy-Intensive Processes Such as Synaptic Transmission |
author_facet |
Geßner, Cornelia Krüger, Alena Folkow, Lars Fehrle, Wilfrid Mikkelsen, Bjarni Burmester, Thorsten |
author_sort |
Geßner, Cornelia |
title |
Transcriptomes Suggest That Pinniped and Cetacean Brains Have a High Capacity for Aerobic Metabolism While Reducing Energy-Intensive Processes Such as Synaptic Transmission |
title_short |
Transcriptomes Suggest That Pinniped and Cetacean Brains Have a High Capacity for Aerobic Metabolism While Reducing Energy-Intensive Processes Such as Synaptic Transmission |
title_full |
Transcriptomes Suggest That Pinniped and Cetacean Brains Have a High Capacity for Aerobic Metabolism While Reducing Energy-Intensive Processes Such as Synaptic Transmission |
title_fullStr |
Transcriptomes Suggest That Pinniped and Cetacean Brains Have a High Capacity for Aerobic Metabolism While Reducing Energy-Intensive Processes Such as Synaptic Transmission |
title_full_unstemmed |
Transcriptomes Suggest That Pinniped and Cetacean Brains Have a High Capacity for Aerobic Metabolism While Reducing Energy-Intensive Processes Such as Synaptic Transmission |
title_sort |
transcriptomes suggest that pinniped and cetacean brains have a high capacity for aerobic metabolism while reducing energy-intensive processes such as synaptic transmission |
publisher |
Frontiers Media |
publishDate |
2022 |
url |
https://hdl.handle.net/10037/27253 https://doi.org/10.3389/fnmol.2022.877349 |
genre |
Balaena mysticetus Balaenoptera acutorostrata bowhead whale Cystophora cristata hooded seal Killer Whale minke whale Orca Orcinus orca Killer whale |
genre_facet |
Balaena mysticetus Balaenoptera acutorostrata bowhead whale Cystophora cristata hooded seal Killer Whale minke whale Orca Orcinus orca Killer whale |
op_relation |
Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience Geßner, Krüger, Folkow, Fehrle, Mikkelsen, Burmester. Transcriptomes Suggest That Pinniped and Cetacean Brains Have a High Capacity for Aerobic Metabolism While Reducing Energy-Intensive Processes Such as Synaptic Transmission. Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience. 2022;15 FRIDAID 2047169 doi:10.3389/fnmol.2022.877349 1662-5099 https://hdl.handle.net/10037/27253 |
op_rights |
Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) openAccess Copyright 2022 The Author(s) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 |
op_rightsnorm |
CC-BY |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3389/fnmol.2022.877349 |
container_title |
Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience |
container_volume |
15 |
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1766366330233028608 |