The Sub-Ice Algal Communities of the Barents Sea Pack Ice: Temporal and Spatial Distribution of Biomass and Species
This work summarizes ice algal studies, presented as biomass and species temporal and spatial distribution, during 11 cruises conducted between 1986 and 2012. The majority of the biomass was found as loosely attached sub-ice algal layers, and sampling required diving. A maximum of 40 mg chlorophyll...
Published in: | Journal of Marine Science and Engineering |
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Online Access: | https://hdl.handle.net/10037/26231 https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse10020164 |
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ftunivtroemsoe:oai:munin.uit.no:10037/26231 2023-05-15T15:02:00+02:00 The Sub-Ice Algal Communities of the Barents Sea Pack Ice: Temporal and Spatial Distribution of Biomass and Species Hegseth, Else Nøst von Quillfeldt, Cecilie 2022-01-27 https://hdl.handle.net/10037/26231 https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse10020164 eng eng MDPI Journal of Marine Science and Engineering Hegseth, von Quillfeldt. The Sub-Ice Algal Communities of the Barents Sea Pack Ice: Temporal and Spatial Distribution of Biomass and Species. Journal of Marine Science and Engineering. 2022;10(2) FRIDAID 2021692 doi:10.3390/jmse10020164 2077-1312 https://hdl.handle.net/10037/26231 openAccess Copyright 2022 The Author(s) VDP::Matematikk og naturvitenskap: 400::Zoologiske og botaniske fag: 480::Marinbiologi: 497 VDP::Mathematics and natural scienses: 400::Zoology and botany: 480::Marine biology: 497 Arktis / Arctic Isalger / Ice algae Journal article Tidsskriftartikkel Peer reviewed publishedVersion 2022 ftunivtroemsoe https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse10020164 2022-08-17T23:00:01Z This work summarizes ice algal studies, presented as biomass and species temporal and spatial distribution, during 11 cruises conducted between 1986 and 2012. The majority of the biomass was found as loosely attached sub-ice algal layers, and sampling required diving. A maximum of 40 mg chlorophyll m −2 and 15.4 × 10 9 cells m −2 was measured in May. The species diversity was separated in zones based on ice thickness, with the highest biodiversity in the medium-thick ice of 30–80 cm. Nitzschia frigida was the most common species. There was a significant positive relationship between the dominance of this species and ice thickness, and it dominated completely in thick ice. Other common species, such as N. promare and Fossulaphycus arcticus reacted oppositely, by becoming less dominant in thick ice, but the positive correlation between total cell numbers and number of these three species indicated that they would most likely dominate in most populations. Melosira arctica was found several times below medium-thick annual ice. Algae occurred from top to bottom in the ice floes and in infiltration layers, but in very low numbers inside the ice. The bipolar dinoflagellates Polarella glacialis inhabited the ice, both as vegetative cells and cysts. The algal layers detached from the ice and sank in late spring when melting started. The cells in the sediments form an important food source for benthic animals throughout the year. Fjord populations survive the winter on the bottom and probably form next year’s ice algal inoculum. A few ‘over-summer’ populations found in sheltered locations might provide supplementary food for ice amphipods in late summer. The future faith of the ice flora is discussed in view of a warmer climate, with increased melting of the Arctic ice cover. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Arktis Arktis* Barents Sea ice algae University of Tromsø: Munin Open Research Archive Arctic Barents Sea Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 10 2 164 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
University of Tromsø: Munin Open Research Archive |
op_collection_id |
ftunivtroemsoe |
language |
English |
topic |
VDP::Matematikk og naturvitenskap: 400::Zoologiske og botaniske fag: 480::Marinbiologi: 497 VDP::Mathematics and natural scienses: 400::Zoology and botany: 480::Marine biology: 497 Arktis / Arctic Isalger / Ice algae |
spellingShingle |
VDP::Matematikk og naturvitenskap: 400::Zoologiske og botaniske fag: 480::Marinbiologi: 497 VDP::Mathematics and natural scienses: 400::Zoology and botany: 480::Marine biology: 497 Arktis / Arctic Isalger / Ice algae Hegseth, Else Nøst von Quillfeldt, Cecilie The Sub-Ice Algal Communities of the Barents Sea Pack Ice: Temporal and Spatial Distribution of Biomass and Species |
topic_facet |
VDP::Matematikk og naturvitenskap: 400::Zoologiske og botaniske fag: 480::Marinbiologi: 497 VDP::Mathematics and natural scienses: 400::Zoology and botany: 480::Marine biology: 497 Arktis / Arctic Isalger / Ice algae |
description |
This work summarizes ice algal studies, presented as biomass and species temporal and spatial distribution, during 11 cruises conducted between 1986 and 2012. The majority of the biomass was found as loosely attached sub-ice algal layers, and sampling required diving. A maximum of 40 mg chlorophyll m −2 and 15.4 × 10 9 cells m −2 was measured in May. The species diversity was separated in zones based on ice thickness, with the highest biodiversity in the medium-thick ice of 30–80 cm. Nitzschia frigida was the most common species. There was a significant positive relationship between the dominance of this species and ice thickness, and it dominated completely in thick ice. Other common species, such as N. promare and Fossulaphycus arcticus reacted oppositely, by becoming less dominant in thick ice, but the positive correlation between total cell numbers and number of these three species indicated that they would most likely dominate in most populations. Melosira arctica was found several times below medium-thick annual ice. Algae occurred from top to bottom in the ice floes and in infiltration layers, but in very low numbers inside the ice. The bipolar dinoflagellates Polarella glacialis inhabited the ice, both as vegetative cells and cysts. The algal layers detached from the ice and sank in late spring when melting started. The cells in the sediments form an important food source for benthic animals throughout the year. Fjord populations survive the winter on the bottom and probably form next year’s ice algal inoculum. A few ‘over-summer’ populations found in sheltered locations might provide supplementary food for ice amphipods in late summer. The future faith of the ice flora is discussed in view of a warmer climate, with increased melting of the Arctic ice cover. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Hegseth, Else Nøst von Quillfeldt, Cecilie |
author_facet |
Hegseth, Else Nøst von Quillfeldt, Cecilie |
author_sort |
Hegseth, Else Nøst |
title |
The Sub-Ice Algal Communities of the Barents Sea Pack Ice: Temporal and Spatial Distribution of Biomass and Species |
title_short |
The Sub-Ice Algal Communities of the Barents Sea Pack Ice: Temporal and Spatial Distribution of Biomass and Species |
title_full |
The Sub-Ice Algal Communities of the Barents Sea Pack Ice: Temporal and Spatial Distribution of Biomass and Species |
title_fullStr |
The Sub-Ice Algal Communities of the Barents Sea Pack Ice: Temporal and Spatial Distribution of Biomass and Species |
title_full_unstemmed |
The Sub-Ice Algal Communities of the Barents Sea Pack Ice: Temporal and Spatial Distribution of Biomass and Species |
title_sort |
sub-ice algal communities of the barents sea pack ice: temporal and spatial distribution of biomass and species |
publisher |
MDPI |
publishDate |
2022 |
url |
https://hdl.handle.net/10037/26231 https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse10020164 |
geographic |
Arctic Barents Sea |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Barents Sea |
genre |
Arctic Arktis Arktis* Barents Sea ice algae |
genre_facet |
Arctic Arktis Arktis* Barents Sea ice algae |
op_relation |
Journal of Marine Science and Engineering Hegseth, von Quillfeldt. The Sub-Ice Algal Communities of the Barents Sea Pack Ice: Temporal and Spatial Distribution of Biomass and Species. Journal of Marine Science and Engineering. 2022;10(2) FRIDAID 2021692 doi:10.3390/jmse10020164 2077-1312 https://hdl.handle.net/10037/26231 |
op_rights |
openAccess Copyright 2022 The Author(s) |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse10020164 |
container_title |
Journal of Marine Science and Engineering |
container_volume |
10 |
container_issue |
2 |
container_start_page |
164 |
_version_ |
1766333998500413440 |