Genetic diversity and differentiation of velvet belly lanternshark (Etmopterus spinax) in the Northeast Atlantic
Deep-sea sharks are little resilient to targeted harvesting and bycatch fisheries due to their life history strategy characterized by slow growth, late sexual maturity, low fecundity, and few offspring. The Northeast Atlantic component of Etmopterus spinax is an example of a species where substantia...
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UiT Norges arktiske universitet
2022
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ftunivtroemsoe:oai:munin.uit.no:10037/25865 2023-05-15T17:41:10+02:00 Genetic diversity and differentiation of velvet belly lanternshark (Etmopterus spinax) in the Northeast Atlantic Walther, Iselin C. W. 2022-06-15 https://hdl.handle.net/10037/25865 eng eng UiT Norges arktiske universitet UiT The Arctic University of Norway https://hdl.handle.net/10037/25865 openAccess Copyright 2022 The Author(s) VDP::Matematikk og Naturvitenskap: 400::Zoologiske og botaniske fag: 480::Marinbiologi: 497 NADH2 Population structure Connectivity Genetic diversity Vulnerable Northeast Atlantic BIO-3950 Master thesis Mastergradsoppgave 2022 ftunivtroemsoe 2022-08-03T22:59:20Z Deep-sea sharks are little resilient to targeted harvesting and bycatch fisheries due to their life history strategy characterized by slow growth, late sexual maturity, low fecundity, and few offspring. The Northeast Atlantic component of Etmopterus spinax is an example of a species where substantial population changes in terms of abundances have occurred due to intensive fisheries induced mortality. This has led to the IUCN categorization of E. spinax as Vulnerable with a negative population trend. To reverse the trend, management and conservation criteria are needed. To give management advice, knowledge about the connectivity between potential populations need to be improved, together with an understanding of their habitat and life history. In this study, the potential populations and differences between the locations sampled in the NE Atlantic, and particularly Norway, are studied by analyzing the mitochondrial NADH2 gene. Overall, at all locations the haplotype diversity is moderate to high, and the nucleotide diversity low. This can indicate relatively recent population expansion. The results also show significant population structure between the Norwegian locations and the rest of NE Atlantic. On a smaller scale, there was weak population structure within Norway and none for the rest. Against expectations, no genetic difference was found between a fjord and coastal population off Trondheim, NO. The lack of identifying genetic differences and population structure can be due to migration, or that NADH2 is not a suitable marker to identify this on a relatively small scale. Master Thesis Northeast Atlantic University of Tromsø: Munin Open Research Archive Norway |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
University of Tromsø: Munin Open Research Archive |
op_collection_id |
ftunivtroemsoe |
language |
English |
topic |
VDP::Matematikk og Naturvitenskap: 400::Zoologiske og botaniske fag: 480::Marinbiologi: 497 NADH2 Population structure Connectivity Genetic diversity Vulnerable Northeast Atlantic BIO-3950 |
spellingShingle |
VDP::Matematikk og Naturvitenskap: 400::Zoologiske og botaniske fag: 480::Marinbiologi: 497 NADH2 Population structure Connectivity Genetic diversity Vulnerable Northeast Atlantic BIO-3950 Walther, Iselin C. W. Genetic diversity and differentiation of velvet belly lanternshark (Etmopterus spinax) in the Northeast Atlantic |
topic_facet |
VDP::Matematikk og Naturvitenskap: 400::Zoologiske og botaniske fag: 480::Marinbiologi: 497 NADH2 Population structure Connectivity Genetic diversity Vulnerable Northeast Atlantic BIO-3950 |
description |
Deep-sea sharks are little resilient to targeted harvesting and bycatch fisheries due to their life history strategy characterized by slow growth, late sexual maturity, low fecundity, and few offspring. The Northeast Atlantic component of Etmopterus spinax is an example of a species where substantial population changes in terms of abundances have occurred due to intensive fisheries induced mortality. This has led to the IUCN categorization of E. spinax as Vulnerable with a negative population trend. To reverse the trend, management and conservation criteria are needed. To give management advice, knowledge about the connectivity between potential populations need to be improved, together with an understanding of their habitat and life history. In this study, the potential populations and differences between the locations sampled in the NE Atlantic, and particularly Norway, are studied by analyzing the mitochondrial NADH2 gene. Overall, at all locations the haplotype diversity is moderate to high, and the nucleotide diversity low. This can indicate relatively recent population expansion. The results also show significant population structure between the Norwegian locations and the rest of NE Atlantic. On a smaller scale, there was weak population structure within Norway and none for the rest. Against expectations, no genetic difference was found between a fjord and coastal population off Trondheim, NO. The lack of identifying genetic differences and population structure can be due to migration, or that NADH2 is not a suitable marker to identify this on a relatively small scale. |
format |
Master Thesis |
author |
Walther, Iselin C. W. |
author_facet |
Walther, Iselin C. W. |
author_sort |
Walther, Iselin C. W. |
title |
Genetic diversity and differentiation of velvet belly lanternshark (Etmopterus spinax) in the Northeast Atlantic |
title_short |
Genetic diversity and differentiation of velvet belly lanternshark (Etmopterus spinax) in the Northeast Atlantic |
title_full |
Genetic diversity and differentiation of velvet belly lanternshark (Etmopterus spinax) in the Northeast Atlantic |
title_fullStr |
Genetic diversity and differentiation of velvet belly lanternshark (Etmopterus spinax) in the Northeast Atlantic |
title_full_unstemmed |
Genetic diversity and differentiation of velvet belly lanternshark (Etmopterus spinax) in the Northeast Atlantic |
title_sort |
genetic diversity and differentiation of velvet belly lanternshark (etmopterus spinax) in the northeast atlantic |
publisher |
UiT Norges arktiske universitet |
publishDate |
2022 |
url |
https://hdl.handle.net/10037/25865 |
geographic |
Norway |
geographic_facet |
Norway |
genre |
Northeast Atlantic |
genre_facet |
Northeast Atlantic |
op_relation |
https://hdl.handle.net/10037/25865 |
op_rights |
openAccess Copyright 2022 The Author(s) |
_version_ |
1766142485995716608 |