Sea-ice associated carbon flux in Arctic spring
The Svalbard region faces drastic environmental changes, including sea-ice loss and “Atlantification” of Arctic waters, caused primarily by climate warming. These changes result in shifts in the sea-ice-associated (sympagic) community structure, with consequences for the sympagic food web and carbon...
Published in: | Elementa: Science of the Anthropocene |
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University of California Press
2021
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Online Access: | https://hdl.handle.net/10037/23978 https://doi.org/10.1525/elementa.2020.00169 |
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ftunivtroemsoe:oai:munin.uit.no:10037/23978 2023-05-15T14:25:43+02:00 Sea-ice associated carbon flux in Arctic spring Ehrlich, Julia Bluhm, Bodil Peeken, Ilka Massicotte, P. Schaafsma, Fokje L. Castellani, Guilia Brandt, Angelika Flores, Hauke 2021-10-13 https://hdl.handle.net/10037/23978 https://doi.org/10.1525/elementa.2020.00169 eng eng University of California Press Elementa: Science of the Anthropocene Tromsø forskningsstiftelse: 01vm/h15 Ehrlich J, Bluhm B, Peeken I, Massicotte, Schaafsma FL, Castellani G, Brandt A, Flores H. Sea-ice associated carbon flux in Arctic spring. Elementa: Science of the Anthropocene. 2021;9(1) FRIDAID 1981784 doi:10.1525/elementa.2020.00169 2325-1026 https://hdl.handle.net/10037/23978 openAccess Copyright 2021 The Author(s) Journal article Tidsskriftartikkel Peer reviewed publishedVersion 2021 ftunivtroemsoe https://doi.org/10.1525/elementa.2020.00169 2022-02-09T23:57:23Z The Svalbard region faces drastic environmental changes, including sea-ice loss and “Atlantification” of Arctic waters, caused primarily by climate warming. These changes result in shifts in the sea-ice-associated (sympagic) community structure, with consequences for the sympagic food web and carbon cycling. To evaluate the role of sympagic biota as a source, sink, and transmitter of carbon, we sampled pack ice and under-ice water (0–2 m) north of Svalbard in spring 2015 by sea-ice coring and under-ice trawling. We estimated biomass and primary production of ice algae and under-ice phytoplankton as well as biomass, carbon demand, and secondary production of sea-ice meiofauna (>10 µm) and under-ice fauna (>300 µm). Sea-ice meiofauna biomass (0.1–2.8 mg C m–2) was dominated by harpacticoid copepods (92%), nauplii (4%), and Ciliophora (3%). Under-ice fauna biomass (3.2–62.7 mg C m–2) was dominated by Calanus copepods (54%). Appendicularia contributed 23% through their high abundance at one station. Herbivorous sympagic fauna dominated the carbon demand across the study area, estimated at 2 mg C m–2 day–1 for ice algae and 4 mg C m–2 day–1 for phytoplankton. This demand was covered by the mean primary production of ice algae (11 mg C m–2 day–1) and phytoplankton (30 mg C m–2 day–1). Hence, potentially 35 mg C m–2 day–1 of algal material could sink from the sympagic realm to deeper layers. The demand of carnivorous under-ice fauna (0.3 mg C m–2 day–1) was barely covered by sympagic secondary production (0.3 mg C m–2 day–1). Our study emphasizes the importance of under-ice fauna for the carbon flux from sea ice to pelagic and benthic habitats and provides a baseline for future comparisons in the context of climate change. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Arctic Climate change ice algae Phytoplankton Sea ice Svalbard Copepods University of Tromsø: Munin Open Research Archive Arctic Svalbard Elementa: Science of the Anthropocene 9 1 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
University of Tromsø: Munin Open Research Archive |
op_collection_id |
ftunivtroemsoe |
language |
English |
description |
The Svalbard region faces drastic environmental changes, including sea-ice loss and “Atlantification” of Arctic waters, caused primarily by climate warming. These changes result in shifts in the sea-ice-associated (sympagic) community structure, with consequences for the sympagic food web and carbon cycling. To evaluate the role of sympagic biota as a source, sink, and transmitter of carbon, we sampled pack ice and under-ice water (0–2 m) north of Svalbard in spring 2015 by sea-ice coring and under-ice trawling. We estimated biomass and primary production of ice algae and under-ice phytoplankton as well as biomass, carbon demand, and secondary production of sea-ice meiofauna (>10 µm) and under-ice fauna (>300 µm). Sea-ice meiofauna biomass (0.1–2.8 mg C m–2) was dominated by harpacticoid copepods (92%), nauplii (4%), and Ciliophora (3%). Under-ice fauna biomass (3.2–62.7 mg C m–2) was dominated by Calanus copepods (54%). Appendicularia contributed 23% through their high abundance at one station. Herbivorous sympagic fauna dominated the carbon demand across the study area, estimated at 2 mg C m–2 day–1 for ice algae and 4 mg C m–2 day–1 for phytoplankton. This demand was covered by the mean primary production of ice algae (11 mg C m–2 day–1) and phytoplankton (30 mg C m–2 day–1). Hence, potentially 35 mg C m–2 day–1 of algal material could sink from the sympagic realm to deeper layers. The demand of carnivorous under-ice fauna (0.3 mg C m–2 day–1) was barely covered by sympagic secondary production (0.3 mg C m–2 day–1). Our study emphasizes the importance of under-ice fauna for the carbon flux from sea ice to pelagic and benthic habitats and provides a baseline for future comparisons in the context of climate change. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Ehrlich, Julia Bluhm, Bodil Peeken, Ilka Massicotte, P. Schaafsma, Fokje L. Castellani, Guilia Brandt, Angelika Flores, Hauke |
spellingShingle |
Ehrlich, Julia Bluhm, Bodil Peeken, Ilka Massicotte, P. Schaafsma, Fokje L. Castellani, Guilia Brandt, Angelika Flores, Hauke Sea-ice associated carbon flux in Arctic spring |
author_facet |
Ehrlich, Julia Bluhm, Bodil Peeken, Ilka Massicotte, P. Schaafsma, Fokje L. Castellani, Guilia Brandt, Angelika Flores, Hauke |
author_sort |
Ehrlich, Julia |
title |
Sea-ice associated carbon flux in Arctic spring |
title_short |
Sea-ice associated carbon flux in Arctic spring |
title_full |
Sea-ice associated carbon flux in Arctic spring |
title_fullStr |
Sea-ice associated carbon flux in Arctic spring |
title_full_unstemmed |
Sea-ice associated carbon flux in Arctic spring |
title_sort |
sea-ice associated carbon flux in arctic spring |
publisher |
University of California Press |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
https://hdl.handle.net/10037/23978 https://doi.org/10.1525/elementa.2020.00169 |
geographic |
Arctic Svalbard |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Svalbard |
genre |
Arctic Arctic Climate change ice algae Phytoplankton Sea ice Svalbard Copepods |
genre_facet |
Arctic Arctic Climate change ice algae Phytoplankton Sea ice Svalbard Copepods |
op_relation |
Elementa: Science of the Anthropocene Tromsø forskningsstiftelse: 01vm/h15 Ehrlich J, Bluhm B, Peeken I, Massicotte, Schaafsma FL, Castellani G, Brandt A, Flores H. Sea-ice associated carbon flux in Arctic spring. Elementa: Science of the Anthropocene. 2021;9(1) FRIDAID 1981784 doi:10.1525/elementa.2020.00169 2325-1026 https://hdl.handle.net/10037/23978 |
op_rights |
openAccess Copyright 2021 The Author(s) |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1525/elementa.2020.00169 |
container_title |
Elementa: Science of the Anthropocene |
container_volume |
9 |
container_issue |
1 |
_version_ |
1766298182442024960 |