The effect of inter- and intraspecific competition on individual and population niche widths: a four-decade study on two interacting salmonids
Competition is assumed to shape niche widths, affecting species survival and coexistence. Expectedly, high interspecific competition will reduce population niche widths, whereas high intraspecific competition will do the opposite. Here we test in situ how intra- and interspecific competition affects...
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Wiley
2021
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Online Access: | https://hdl.handle.net/10037/23928 https://doi.org/10.1111/oik.08375 |
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ftunivtroemsoe:oai:munin.uit.no:10037/23928 2023-05-15T14:29:46+02:00 The effect of inter- and intraspecific competition on individual and population niche widths: a four-decade study on two interacting salmonids Prati, Sebastian Henriksen, Eirik Haugstvedt Smalås, Aslak Knudsen, Rune Klemetsen, Anders Sanchez-Hernandez, Javier Amundsen, Per-Arne 2021-07-12 https://hdl.handle.net/10037/23928 https://doi.org/10.1111/oik.08375 eng eng Wiley Oikos info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/RCN/FRIMEDBIO/213610/Norway/The role of parasites in food-web topology and dynamics of subarctic lakes// Prati, Henriksen, Smalås, Knudsen, Klemetsen, Sanchez-Hernandez, Amundsen. The effect of inter- and intraspecific competition on individual and population niche widths: a four-decade study on two interacting salmonids. Oikos. 2021;130(10):1679-1691 FRIDAID 1966978 doi:10.1111/oik.08375 0030-1299 1600-0706 https://hdl.handle.net/10037/23928 openAccess Copyright 2021 The Author(s) VDP::Mathematics and natural science: 400::Zoology and botany: 480::Marine biology: 497 VDP::Matematikk og Naturvitenskap: 400::Zoologiske og botaniske fag: 480::Marinbiologi: 497 Journal article Tidsskriftartikkel Peer reviewed publishedVersion 2021 ftunivtroemsoe https://doi.org/10.1111/oik.08375 2022-02-09T23:57:23Z Competition is assumed to shape niche widths, affecting species survival and coexistence. Expectedly, high interspecific competition will reduce population niche widths, whereas high intraspecific competition will do the opposite. Here we test in situ how intra- and interspecific competition affects trophic resource use and the individual and population niche widths of two lacustrine fish species, Arctic charr and brown trout, covering a 40 year study period with highly contrasting competitive impacts prior to and following a large-scale fish culling experiment. Initially, an overcrowded Arctic charr population dominated the study system, with brown trout being nearly absent. The culling experiment reduced the littoral Arctic charr density by 80%, whereupon brown trout gradually increased its density in the system. Thus, over the study period, the Arctic charr population went from high to low intraspecific competition, followed by increasing interspecific competition with brown trout. As hypothesized, the relaxed intraspecific competition following the experimental culling reduced individual diet specialization and compressed population niche width of Arctic charr. During the initial increase of the brown trout population, there was a large dietary overlap between the two species. Over the subsequent intensified interspecific competition from the population build-up of brown trout, their trophic niche overlap chiefly declined due to a dietary shift of Arctic charr towards enhanced zooplankton consumption. Contrary to theoretical expectations, the individual and population niche widths of Arctic charr increased with intensified interspecific competition. In contrast, the diet and niche width of brown trout remained stable over time, confirming its competitive superiority. The large-scale culling experiment and associated long-term research revealed pronounced temporal dynamics in trophic niche and resource use of the inferior competitor, substantiating that intra- and interspecific competition have large and contrasting impacts on individual and population niches. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic charr Arctic Zooplankton University of Tromsø: Munin Open Research Archive Arctic Oikos 130 10 1679 1691 |
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Open Polar |
collection |
University of Tromsø: Munin Open Research Archive |
op_collection_id |
ftunivtroemsoe |
language |
English |
topic |
VDP::Mathematics and natural science: 400::Zoology and botany: 480::Marine biology: 497 VDP::Matematikk og Naturvitenskap: 400::Zoologiske og botaniske fag: 480::Marinbiologi: 497 |
spellingShingle |
VDP::Mathematics and natural science: 400::Zoology and botany: 480::Marine biology: 497 VDP::Matematikk og Naturvitenskap: 400::Zoologiske og botaniske fag: 480::Marinbiologi: 497 Prati, Sebastian Henriksen, Eirik Haugstvedt Smalås, Aslak Knudsen, Rune Klemetsen, Anders Sanchez-Hernandez, Javier Amundsen, Per-Arne The effect of inter- and intraspecific competition on individual and population niche widths: a four-decade study on two interacting salmonids |
topic_facet |
VDP::Mathematics and natural science: 400::Zoology and botany: 480::Marine biology: 497 VDP::Matematikk og Naturvitenskap: 400::Zoologiske og botaniske fag: 480::Marinbiologi: 497 |
description |
Competition is assumed to shape niche widths, affecting species survival and coexistence. Expectedly, high interspecific competition will reduce population niche widths, whereas high intraspecific competition will do the opposite. Here we test in situ how intra- and interspecific competition affects trophic resource use and the individual and population niche widths of two lacustrine fish species, Arctic charr and brown trout, covering a 40 year study period with highly contrasting competitive impacts prior to and following a large-scale fish culling experiment. Initially, an overcrowded Arctic charr population dominated the study system, with brown trout being nearly absent. The culling experiment reduced the littoral Arctic charr density by 80%, whereupon brown trout gradually increased its density in the system. Thus, over the study period, the Arctic charr population went from high to low intraspecific competition, followed by increasing interspecific competition with brown trout. As hypothesized, the relaxed intraspecific competition following the experimental culling reduced individual diet specialization and compressed population niche width of Arctic charr. During the initial increase of the brown trout population, there was a large dietary overlap between the two species. Over the subsequent intensified interspecific competition from the population build-up of brown trout, their trophic niche overlap chiefly declined due to a dietary shift of Arctic charr towards enhanced zooplankton consumption. Contrary to theoretical expectations, the individual and population niche widths of Arctic charr increased with intensified interspecific competition. In contrast, the diet and niche width of brown trout remained stable over time, confirming its competitive superiority. The large-scale culling experiment and associated long-term research revealed pronounced temporal dynamics in trophic niche and resource use of the inferior competitor, substantiating that intra- and interspecific competition have large and contrasting impacts on individual and population niches. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Prati, Sebastian Henriksen, Eirik Haugstvedt Smalås, Aslak Knudsen, Rune Klemetsen, Anders Sanchez-Hernandez, Javier Amundsen, Per-Arne |
author_facet |
Prati, Sebastian Henriksen, Eirik Haugstvedt Smalås, Aslak Knudsen, Rune Klemetsen, Anders Sanchez-Hernandez, Javier Amundsen, Per-Arne |
author_sort |
Prati, Sebastian |
title |
The effect of inter- and intraspecific competition on individual and population niche widths: a four-decade study on two interacting salmonids |
title_short |
The effect of inter- and intraspecific competition on individual and population niche widths: a four-decade study on two interacting salmonids |
title_full |
The effect of inter- and intraspecific competition on individual and population niche widths: a four-decade study on two interacting salmonids |
title_fullStr |
The effect of inter- and intraspecific competition on individual and population niche widths: a four-decade study on two interacting salmonids |
title_full_unstemmed |
The effect of inter- and intraspecific competition on individual and population niche widths: a four-decade study on two interacting salmonids |
title_sort |
effect of inter- and intraspecific competition on individual and population niche widths: a four-decade study on two interacting salmonids |
publisher |
Wiley |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
https://hdl.handle.net/10037/23928 https://doi.org/10.1111/oik.08375 |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic charr Arctic Zooplankton |
genre_facet |
Arctic charr Arctic Zooplankton |
op_relation |
Oikos info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/RCN/FRIMEDBIO/213610/Norway/The role of parasites in food-web topology and dynamics of subarctic lakes// Prati, Henriksen, Smalås, Knudsen, Klemetsen, Sanchez-Hernandez, Amundsen. The effect of inter- and intraspecific competition on individual and population niche widths: a four-decade study on two interacting salmonids. Oikos. 2021;130(10):1679-1691 FRIDAID 1966978 doi:10.1111/oik.08375 0030-1299 1600-0706 https://hdl.handle.net/10037/23928 |
op_rights |
openAccess Copyright 2021 The Author(s) |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1111/oik.08375 |
container_title |
Oikos |
container_volume |
130 |
container_issue |
10 |
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1679 |
op_container_end_page |
1691 |
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1766303732310474752 |