Modulation of Cardiometabolic Health by Dietary Supplementation with Calanus oil

Obesity leads to alterations in myocardial metabolism, expressed as an increased utilization of fat for energy purposes at the expense of carbohydrate. This shift in energy metabolism is associated with impairment of ventricular function which can lead to heart failure. This thesis raises the questi...

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Main Author: Jansen, Kirsten Maria
Format: Doctoral or Postdoctoral Thesis
Language:English
Published: UiT The Arctic University of Norway 2021
Subjects:
Online Access:https://hdl.handle.net/10037/22254
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spelling ftunivtroemsoe:oai:munin.uit.no:10037/22254 2023-05-15T15:48:04+02:00 Modulation of Cardiometabolic Health by Dietary Supplementation with Calanus oil Jansen, Kirsten Maria 2021-09-17 https://hdl.handle.net/10037/22254 eng eng UiT The Arctic University of Norway UiT Norges arktiske universitet Paper I: Jansen, K.M., Moreno, S., Garcia-Roves, P.M. & Larsen, T.S. (2019). Dietary Calanus oil recovers metabolic flexibility and rescues postischemic cardiac function in obese female mice. American Journal of Physiology - Heart and Circulatory Physiology, 317 (2), H290-H299. Also available at https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.00191.2019 . Accepted manuscript version available in Munin at https://hdl.handle.net/10037/18212 . Paper II: Jansen, K.M., Hansen, S.S., Larsen, K.B., Hafstad, A.D., Olsen, R.L., Larsen, T.S. & Aasum, E. Hydrolysed wax ester from Calanus oil protects H9c2 cardiomyoblasts from palmitate – induced lipotoxicity. (Manuscript). Paper III: Schots, P.C., Jansen, K.M., Mrazek, J., Pedersen, A.M., Olsen, R.L. & Larsen, T.S. (2020). Obesity-induced alterations in the gut microbiome in female mice fed a high-fat diet are antagonized by dietary supplementation with a novel, wax ester-rich, marine oil. Nutrition Research, 83 , 94-107. Also available in Munin at https://hdl.handle.net/10037/19971 . Review: Larsen, T.S. & Jansen, K.M. (2021). Impact of Obesity-Related Inflammation on Cardiac Metabolism and Function. Journal of Lipid and Atherosclerosis, 10 (1), 8-23. Also available at https://doi.org/10.12997/jla.2021.10.1.8 . https://hdl.handle.net/10037/22254 embargoedAccess Copyright 2021 The Author(s) VDP::Medical disciplines: 700::Basic medical dental and veterinary science disciplines: 710::Medical molecular biology: 711 VDP::Medisinske Fag: 700::Basale medisinske odontologiske og veterinærmedisinske fag: 710::Medisinsk molekylærbiologi: 711 DOKTOR-003 Doctoral thesis Doktorgradsavhandling 2021 ftunivtroemsoe 2021-09-01T22:53:42Z Obesity leads to alterations in myocardial metabolism, expressed as an increased utilization of fat for energy purposes at the expense of carbohydrate. This shift in energy metabolism is associated with impairment of ventricular function which can lead to heart failure. This thesis raises the question of whether dietary supplementation with Calanus oil, a novel marine oil derived from the marine copepod, Calanus finmarchicus (Norwegian, raudåte), can attenuate obesity-related changes in metabolism and associated co-morbidities. The major finding in this thesis project was that dietary Calanus oil was able to prevent obesity-related shifts in myocardial metabolism and restore the capacity of the heart to utilize carbohydrate as energy source. In addition, we demonstrated that Calanus oil had a cardioprotective action, in the sense that recovery ventricular function following an ischemic insult of hearts from mice receiving high-fat diet with Calanus oil was superior to that of control hearts. To examine the mechanism involved, we exposed H9c2 cardiomyoblast to lipotoxic stress (palmitic acid) with and without micromolar concentrations of hydrolysed wax ester from Calanus oil (WEH). Live cell imaging revealed major cell death in response to palmitiate-exposure, while co-incubation with WEH almost completely rescued the cells. Further analyses suggested that WEH protects H9c2 cardiomyocytes from lipotoxicity by attenuating the associated ER stress, as well as alleviating palmitate-induced impairment of autophagic flux. This thesis also showed that Calanus oil, at least to some extent, were able to antagonize obesity-induced changes in the gut microbiota composition. In conclusion, the present results show that dietary supplementation with Calanus oil has the potential to attenuate obesity-induced alterations in myocardial metabolism and, in addition, protect the heart towards ischemic stress, and may therefore be an alternative to anti-obesity/anti-diabetic drugs. Doctoral or Postdoctoral Thesis Calanus finmarchicus Raudåte University of Tromsø: Munin Open Research Archive
institution Open Polar
collection University of Tromsø: Munin Open Research Archive
op_collection_id ftunivtroemsoe
language English
topic VDP::Medical disciplines: 700::Basic medical
dental and veterinary science disciplines: 710::Medical molecular biology: 711
VDP::Medisinske Fag: 700::Basale medisinske
odontologiske og veterinærmedisinske fag: 710::Medisinsk molekylærbiologi: 711
DOKTOR-003
spellingShingle VDP::Medical disciplines: 700::Basic medical
dental and veterinary science disciplines: 710::Medical molecular biology: 711
VDP::Medisinske Fag: 700::Basale medisinske
odontologiske og veterinærmedisinske fag: 710::Medisinsk molekylærbiologi: 711
DOKTOR-003
Jansen, Kirsten Maria
Modulation of Cardiometabolic Health by Dietary Supplementation with Calanus oil
topic_facet VDP::Medical disciplines: 700::Basic medical
dental and veterinary science disciplines: 710::Medical molecular biology: 711
VDP::Medisinske Fag: 700::Basale medisinske
odontologiske og veterinærmedisinske fag: 710::Medisinsk molekylærbiologi: 711
DOKTOR-003
description Obesity leads to alterations in myocardial metabolism, expressed as an increased utilization of fat for energy purposes at the expense of carbohydrate. This shift in energy metabolism is associated with impairment of ventricular function which can lead to heart failure. This thesis raises the question of whether dietary supplementation with Calanus oil, a novel marine oil derived from the marine copepod, Calanus finmarchicus (Norwegian, raudåte), can attenuate obesity-related changes in metabolism and associated co-morbidities. The major finding in this thesis project was that dietary Calanus oil was able to prevent obesity-related shifts in myocardial metabolism and restore the capacity of the heart to utilize carbohydrate as energy source. In addition, we demonstrated that Calanus oil had a cardioprotective action, in the sense that recovery ventricular function following an ischemic insult of hearts from mice receiving high-fat diet with Calanus oil was superior to that of control hearts. To examine the mechanism involved, we exposed H9c2 cardiomyoblast to lipotoxic stress (palmitic acid) with and without micromolar concentrations of hydrolysed wax ester from Calanus oil (WEH). Live cell imaging revealed major cell death in response to palmitiate-exposure, while co-incubation with WEH almost completely rescued the cells. Further analyses suggested that WEH protects H9c2 cardiomyocytes from lipotoxicity by attenuating the associated ER stress, as well as alleviating palmitate-induced impairment of autophagic flux. This thesis also showed that Calanus oil, at least to some extent, were able to antagonize obesity-induced changes in the gut microbiota composition. In conclusion, the present results show that dietary supplementation with Calanus oil has the potential to attenuate obesity-induced alterations in myocardial metabolism and, in addition, protect the heart towards ischemic stress, and may therefore be an alternative to anti-obesity/anti-diabetic drugs.
format Doctoral or Postdoctoral Thesis
author Jansen, Kirsten Maria
author_facet Jansen, Kirsten Maria
author_sort Jansen, Kirsten Maria
title Modulation of Cardiometabolic Health by Dietary Supplementation with Calanus oil
title_short Modulation of Cardiometabolic Health by Dietary Supplementation with Calanus oil
title_full Modulation of Cardiometabolic Health by Dietary Supplementation with Calanus oil
title_fullStr Modulation of Cardiometabolic Health by Dietary Supplementation with Calanus oil
title_full_unstemmed Modulation of Cardiometabolic Health by Dietary Supplementation with Calanus oil
title_sort modulation of cardiometabolic health by dietary supplementation with calanus oil
publisher UiT The Arctic University of Norway
publishDate 2021
url https://hdl.handle.net/10037/22254
genre Calanus finmarchicus
Raudåte
genre_facet Calanus finmarchicus
Raudåte
op_relation Paper I: Jansen, K.M., Moreno, S., Garcia-Roves, P.M. & Larsen, T.S. (2019). Dietary Calanus oil recovers metabolic flexibility and rescues postischemic cardiac function in obese female mice. American Journal of Physiology - Heart and Circulatory Physiology, 317 (2), H290-H299. Also available at https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.00191.2019 . Accepted manuscript version available in Munin at https://hdl.handle.net/10037/18212 . Paper II: Jansen, K.M., Hansen, S.S., Larsen, K.B., Hafstad, A.D., Olsen, R.L., Larsen, T.S. & Aasum, E. Hydrolysed wax ester from Calanus oil protects H9c2 cardiomyoblasts from palmitate – induced lipotoxicity. (Manuscript). Paper III: Schots, P.C., Jansen, K.M., Mrazek, J., Pedersen, A.M., Olsen, R.L. & Larsen, T.S. (2020). Obesity-induced alterations in the gut microbiome in female mice fed a high-fat diet are antagonized by dietary supplementation with a novel, wax ester-rich, marine oil. Nutrition Research, 83 , 94-107. Also available in Munin at https://hdl.handle.net/10037/19971 . Review: Larsen, T.S. & Jansen, K.M. (2021). Impact of Obesity-Related Inflammation on Cardiac Metabolism and Function. Journal of Lipid and Atherosclerosis, 10 (1), 8-23. Also available at https://doi.org/10.12997/jla.2021.10.1.8 .
https://hdl.handle.net/10037/22254
op_rights embargoedAccess
Copyright 2021 The Author(s)
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