Is the ongoing obesity epidemic partly explained by concurrent decline in cigarette smoking? Insights from a longitudinal population study. The Tromsø Study 1994–2016
The increase of obesity coincides with a substantial decrease in cigarette smoking. We assessed post-cessation weight change and its contribution to the obesity epidemic in a general population in Norway. A total of 14,453 participants (52.6% women), aged 25–54 years in 1994, who attended at least t...
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Elsevier
2021
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Online Access: | https://hdl.handle.net/10037/21474 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ypmed.2021.106533 |
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ftunivtroemsoe:oai:munin.uit.no:10037/21474 2023-05-15T18:34:16+02:00 Is the ongoing obesity epidemic partly explained by concurrent decline in cigarette smoking? Insights from a longitudinal population study. The Tromsø Study 1994–2016 Løvsletten, Ola Njølstad, Inger Wilsgaard, Tom Hopstock, Laila Arnesdatter Jacobsen, Bjarne K. Bønaa, Kaare Harald Eggen, Anne Elise Løchen, Maja-Lisa 2021-03-23 https://hdl.handle.net/10037/21474 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ypmed.2021.106533 eng eng Elsevier Preventive Medicine Løvsletten O, Njølstad i, Wilsgaard T, Hopstock LA, Jacobsen bk, Bønaa KH, Eggen AE, Løchen M. Is the ongoing obesity epidemic partly explained by concurrent decline in cigarette smoking? Insights from a longitudinal population study. The Tromsø Study 1994–2016. Preventive Medicine. 2021;147 FRIDAID 1901770 doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2021.106533 0091-7435 1096-0260 https://hdl.handle.net/10037/21474 openAccess Copyright 2021 The Author(s) VDP::Medical disciplines: 700::Health sciences: 800::Epidemiology medical and dental statistics: 803 VDP::Medisinske Fag: 700::Helsefag: 800::Epidemiologi medisinsk og odontologisk statistikk: 803 The Tromsø Study Tromsøundersøkelsen Journal article Tidsskriftartikkel Peer reviewed publishedVersion 2021 ftunivtroemsoe https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ypmed.2021.106533 2021-06-25T17:58:09Z The increase of obesity coincides with a substantial decrease in cigarette smoking. We assessed post-cessation weight change and its contribution to the obesity epidemic in a general population in Norway. A total of 14,453 participants (52.6% women), aged 25–54 years in 1994, who attended at least two of four surveys in the Tromsø Study between 1994 and 2016, were included in the analysis. Hereof 77% participated in both the first and the last survey. Temporal trends in mean body mass index (BMI), prevalence of obesity (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m 2 ) and daily smoking were estimated with generalized estimation equations. We assessed BMI change by smoking status (ex-smoker, quitter, never smoker, daily smoker), and also under a scenario where none quit smoking. In total, the prevalence of daily smoking was reduced over the 21 years between Tromsø 4 (1994–1995) and Tromsø 7 (2015–2016) by 22 percentage points. Prevalence of obesity increased from 5 – 12% in 1994–1995 to 21–26% in 2015–2016, where obesity in the youngest (age 25–44 in 1994) increased more than in the oldest (p < 0.0001). Those who quit smoking had a larger BMI gain compared to the other three smoking subgroups over the 21 years (p < 0.0001). The scenario where none quit smoking would imply a 13% reduction in BMI gain in the population, though substantial age-related differences were noted. We conclude that smoking cessation contributed to the increase in obesity in the population, but was probably not the most important factor. Public health interventions should continue to target smoking cessation, and also target obesity prevention. Article in Journal/Newspaper Tromsø University of Tromsø: Munin Open Research Archive Norway Tromsø Preventive Medicine 147 106533 |
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Open Polar |
collection |
University of Tromsø: Munin Open Research Archive |
op_collection_id |
ftunivtroemsoe |
language |
English |
topic |
VDP::Medical disciplines: 700::Health sciences: 800::Epidemiology medical and dental statistics: 803 VDP::Medisinske Fag: 700::Helsefag: 800::Epidemiologi medisinsk og odontologisk statistikk: 803 The Tromsø Study Tromsøundersøkelsen |
spellingShingle |
VDP::Medical disciplines: 700::Health sciences: 800::Epidemiology medical and dental statistics: 803 VDP::Medisinske Fag: 700::Helsefag: 800::Epidemiologi medisinsk og odontologisk statistikk: 803 The Tromsø Study Tromsøundersøkelsen Løvsletten, Ola Njølstad, Inger Wilsgaard, Tom Hopstock, Laila Arnesdatter Jacobsen, Bjarne K. Bønaa, Kaare Harald Eggen, Anne Elise Løchen, Maja-Lisa Is the ongoing obesity epidemic partly explained by concurrent decline in cigarette smoking? Insights from a longitudinal population study. The Tromsø Study 1994–2016 |
topic_facet |
VDP::Medical disciplines: 700::Health sciences: 800::Epidemiology medical and dental statistics: 803 VDP::Medisinske Fag: 700::Helsefag: 800::Epidemiologi medisinsk og odontologisk statistikk: 803 The Tromsø Study Tromsøundersøkelsen |
description |
The increase of obesity coincides with a substantial decrease in cigarette smoking. We assessed post-cessation weight change and its contribution to the obesity epidemic in a general population in Norway. A total of 14,453 participants (52.6% women), aged 25–54 years in 1994, who attended at least two of four surveys in the Tromsø Study between 1994 and 2016, were included in the analysis. Hereof 77% participated in both the first and the last survey. Temporal trends in mean body mass index (BMI), prevalence of obesity (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m 2 ) and daily smoking were estimated with generalized estimation equations. We assessed BMI change by smoking status (ex-smoker, quitter, never smoker, daily smoker), and also under a scenario where none quit smoking. In total, the prevalence of daily smoking was reduced over the 21 years between Tromsø 4 (1994–1995) and Tromsø 7 (2015–2016) by 22 percentage points. Prevalence of obesity increased from 5 – 12% in 1994–1995 to 21–26% in 2015–2016, where obesity in the youngest (age 25–44 in 1994) increased more than in the oldest (p < 0.0001). Those who quit smoking had a larger BMI gain compared to the other three smoking subgroups over the 21 years (p < 0.0001). The scenario where none quit smoking would imply a 13% reduction in BMI gain in the population, though substantial age-related differences were noted. We conclude that smoking cessation contributed to the increase in obesity in the population, but was probably not the most important factor. Public health interventions should continue to target smoking cessation, and also target obesity prevention. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Løvsletten, Ola Njølstad, Inger Wilsgaard, Tom Hopstock, Laila Arnesdatter Jacobsen, Bjarne K. Bønaa, Kaare Harald Eggen, Anne Elise Løchen, Maja-Lisa |
author_facet |
Løvsletten, Ola Njølstad, Inger Wilsgaard, Tom Hopstock, Laila Arnesdatter Jacobsen, Bjarne K. Bønaa, Kaare Harald Eggen, Anne Elise Løchen, Maja-Lisa |
author_sort |
Løvsletten, Ola |
title |
Is the ongoing obesity epidemic partly explained by concurrent decline in cigarette smoking? Insights from a longitudinal population study. The Tromsø Study 1994–2016 |
title_short |
Is the ongoing obesity epidemic partly explained by concurrent decline in cigarette smoking? Insights from a longitudinal population study. The Tromsø Study 1994–2016 |
title_full |
Is the ongoing obesity epidemic partly explained by concurrent decline in cigarette smoking? Insights from a longitudinal population study. The Tromsø Study 1994–2016 |
title_fullStr |
Is the ongoing obesity epidemic partly explained by concurrent decline in cigarette smoking? Insights from a longitudinal population study. The Tromsø Study 1994–2016 |
title_full_unstemmed |
Is the ongoing obesity epidemic partly explained by concurrent decline in cigarette smoking? Insights from a longitudinal population study. The Tromsø Study 1994–2016 |
title_sort |
is the ongoing obesity epidemic partly explained by concurrent decline in cigarette smoking? insights from a longitudinal population study. the tromsø study 1994–2016 |
publisher |
Elsevier |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
https://hdl.handle.net/10037/21474 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ypmed.2021.106533 |
geographic |
Norway Tromsø |
geographic_facet |
Norway Tromsø |
genre |
Tromsø |
genre_facet |
Tromsø |
op_relation |
Preventive Medicine Løvsletten O, Njølstad i, Wilsgaard T, Hopstock LA, Jacobsen bk, Bønaa KH, Eggen AE, Løchen M. Is the ongoing obesity epidemic partly explained by concurrent decline in cigarette smoking? Insights from a longitudinal population study. The Tromsø Study 1994–2016. Preventive Medicine. 2021;147 FRIDAID 1901770 doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2021.106533 0091-7435 1096-0260 https://hdl.handle.net/10037/21474 |
op_rights |
openAccess Copyright 2021 The Author(s) |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ypmed.2021.106533 |
container_title |
Preventive Medicine |
container_volume |
147 |
container_start_page |
106533 |
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1766218931325894656 |