What feeds the benthos in the Arctic basins? Assembling a carbon budget for the deep Arctic ocean
Half of the Arctic Ocean is deep sea (>1000 m), and this area is currently transitioning from being permanently ice-covered to being seasonally ice-free. Despite these drastic changes, it remains unclear how organisms are distributed in the deep Arctic basins, and particularly what feeds them. He...
Published in: | Frontiers in Marine Science |
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Online Access: | https://hdl.handle.net/10037/18650 https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2020.00224 |
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ftunivtroemsoe:oai:munin.uit.no:10037/18650 2023-05-15T14:22:49+02:00 What feeds the benthos in the Arctic basins? Assembling a carbon budget for the deep Arctic ocean Wiedmann, Ingrid Ershova, Elizaveta Bluhm, Bodil Nöthig, Eva-Maria Kosobokova, Ksenia Boetius, Antje Gradinger, Rolf R. 2020-04-16 https://hdl.handle.net/10037/18650 https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2020.00224 eng eng Frontiers Media Frontiers in Marine Science Wiedmann, I., Ershova, E., Bluhm, B., Nöthig, E., Gradinger, R., Kosobokova, K., Boetius, A. (2020) What feeds the benthos in the Arctic basins? Assembling a carbon budget for the deep Arctic ocean. Frontiers in Marine Science, 7 , 224, 1-20 FRIDAID 1812197 doi:10.3389/fmars.2020.00224 2296-7745 https://hdl.handle.net/10037/18650 openAccess Copyright 2020 The Author(s) VDP::Mathematics and natural science: 400::Zoology and botany: 480::Marine biology: 497 VDP::Matematikk og Naturvitenskap: 400::Zoologiske og botaniske fag: 480::Marinbiologi: 497 Journal article Tidsskriftartikkel Peer reviewed publishedVersion 2020 ftunivtroemsoe https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2020.00224 2021-06-25T17:57:29Z Half of the Arctic Ocean is deep sea (>1000 m), and this area is currently transitioning from being permanently ice-covered to being seasonally ice-free. Despite these drastic changes, it remains unclear how organisms are distributed in the deep Arctic basins, and particularly what feeds them. Here, we summarize data on auto- and heterotrophic organisms in the benthic, pelagic, and sympagic realm of the Arctic Ocean basins from the past three decades and put together an organic carbon budget for this region. Based on the budget, we investigate whether our current understanding of primary and secondary production and vertical carbon flux are balanced by the current estimates of the carbon demand by deep-sea benthos. At first glance, our budget identifies a mismatch between the carbon supply by primary production (3–46 g C m−2 yr−1), the carbon demand of organisms living in the pelagic (7–17 g C m−2) and the benthic realm (< 5 g C m−2 yr−1) versus the low vertical carbon export (at 200 m: 0.1–1.5 g C m−2 yr−1, at 3000–4000 m: 0.01–0.73 g C m−2 yr−1). To close the budget, we suggest that episodic events of large, fast sinking ice algae aggregates, export of dead zooplankton, as well as large food falls need to be quantified and included. This work emphasizes the clear need for a better understanding of the quantity, phenology, and the regionality of carbon supply and demand in the deep Arctic basins, which will allow us to evaluate how the ecosystem may change in the future. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Arctic Arctic Ocean ice algae Zooplankton University of Tromsø: Munin Open Research Archive Arctic Arctic Ocean Frontiers in Marine Science 7 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
University of Tromsø: Munin Open Research Archive |
op_collection_id |
ftunivtroemsoe |
language |
English |
topic |
VDP::Mathematics and natural science: 400::Zoology and botany: 480::Marine biology: 497 VDP::Matematikk og Naturvitenskap: 400::Zoologiske og botaniske fag: 480::Marinbiologi: 497 |
spellingShingle |
VDP::Mathematics and natural science: 400::Zoology and botany: 480::Marine biology: 497 VDP::Matematikk og Naturvitenskap: 400::Zoologiske og botaniske fag: 480::Marinbiologi: 497 Wiedmann, Ingrid Ershova, Elizaveta Bluhm, Bodil Nöthig, Eva-Maria Kosobokova, Ksenia Boetius, Antje Gradinger, Rolf R. What feeds the benthos in the Arctic basins? Assembling a carbon budget for the deep Arctic ocean |
topic_facet |
VDP::Mathematics and natural science: 400::Zoology and botany: 480::Marine biology: 497 VDP::Matematikk og Naturvitenskap: 400::Zoologiske og botaniske fag: 480::Marinbiologi: 497 |
description |
Half of the Arctic Ocean is deep sea (>1000 m), and this area is currently transitioning from being permanently ice-covered to being seasonally ice-free. Despite these drastic changes, it remains unclear how organisms are distributed in the deep Arctic basins, and particularly what feeds them. Here, we summarize data on auto- and heterotrophic organisms in the benthic, pelagic, and sympagic realm of the Arctic Ocean basins from the past three decades and put together an organic carbon budget for this region. Based on the budget, we investigate whether our current understanding of primary and secondary production and vertical carbon flux are balanced by the current estimates of the carbon demand by deep-sea benthos. At first glance, our budget identifies a mismatch between the carbon supply by primary production (3–46 g C m−2 yr−1), the carbon demand of organisms living in the pelagic (7–17 g C m−2) and the benthic realm (< 5 g C m−2 yr−1) versus the low vertical carbon export (at 200 m: 0.1–1.5 g C m−2 yr−1, at 3000–4000 m: 0.01–0.73 g C m−2 yr−1). To close the budget, we suggest that episodic events of large, fast sinking ice algae aggregates, export of dead zooplankton, as well as large food falls need to be quantified and included. This work emphasizes the clear need for a better understanding of the quantity, phenology, and the regionality of carbon supply and demand in the deep Arctic basins, which will allow us to evaluate how the ecosystem may change in the future. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Wiedmann, Ingrid Ershova, Elizaveta Bluhm, Bodil Nöthig, Eva-Maria Kosobokova, Ksenia Boetius, Antje Gradinger, Rolf R. |
author_facet |
Wiedmann, Ingrid Ershova, Elizaveta Bluhm, Bodil Nöthig, Eva-Maria Kosobokova, Ksenia Boetius, Antje Gradinger, Rolf R. |
author_sort |
Wiedmann, Ingrid |
title |
What feeds the benthos in the Arctic basins? Assembling a carbon budget for the deep Arctic ocean |
title_short |
What feeds the benthos in the Arctic basins? Assembling a carbon budget for the deep Arctic ocean |
title_full |
What feeds the benthos in the Arctic basins? Assembling a carbon budget for the deep Arctic ocean |
title_fullStr |
What feeds the benthos in the Arctic basins? Assembling a carbon budget for the deep Arctic ocean |
title_full_unstemmed |
What feeds the benthos in the Arctic basins? Assembling a carbon budget for the deep Arctic ocean |
title_sort |
what feeds the benthos in the arctic basins? assembling a carbon budget for the deep arctic ocean |
publisher |
Frontiers Media |
publishDate |
2020 |
url |
https://hdl.handle.net/10037/18650 https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2020.00224 |
geographic |
Arctic Arctic Ocean |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Arctic Ocean |
genre |
Arctic Arctic Arctic Ocean ice algae Zooplankton |
genre_facet |
Arctic Arctic Arctic Ocean ice algae Zooplankton |
op_relation |
Frontiers in Marine Science Wiedmann, I., Ershova, E., Bluhm, B., Nöthig, E., Gradinger, R., Kosobokova, K., Boetius, A. (2020) What feeds the benthos in the Arctic basins? Assembling a carbon budget for the deep Arctic ocean. Frontiers in Marine Science, 7 , 224, 1-20 FRIDAID 1812197 doi:10.3389/fmars.2020.00224 2296-7745 https://hdl.handle.net/10037/18650 |
op_rights |
openAccess Copyright 2020 The Author(s) |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2020.00224 |
container_title |
Frontiers in Marine Science |
container_volume |
7 |
_version_ |
1766295340639584256 |