First record of experimentally induced salmon gill poxvirus disease (SGPVD) in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.)
Salmon gill poxvirus (SGPV) infection is a common denominator in many cases of complex gill disease in the Norwegian salmon farming industry and may, as a single agent infection, result in salmon poxvirus disease (SGPVD). Experiences from the field suggest that stress may be a decisive factor for th...
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Online Access: | https://hdl.handle.net/10037/18522 https://doi.org/10.1186/s13567-020-00787-9 |
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ftunivtroemsoe:oai:munin.uit.no:10037/18522 2023-05-15T15:31:46+02:00 First record of experimentally induced salmon gill poxvirus disease (SGPVD) in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) Thoen, Even Tartor, Haitham Amundsen, Marit Dale, Ole Bendik Sveinsson, Karoline Overn Rønning, Hans Petter Grønneberg, Estelle Dahle, Maria Gjessing, Mona Cecilie 2020-05-07 https://hdl.handle.net/10037/18522 https://doi.org/10.1186/s13567-020-00787-9 eng eng BMC Veterinary research (VR) info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/RCN/HAVBRUK2/267491/Norway/Understanding Salmon gill poxvirus disease; an emerging threat for Atlantic salmon farming// Thoen E, Tartor HM, Amundsen M, Dale OB, Sveinsson KO, Hans Petter, Grønneberg E, Dahle MK, Gjessing MCG. First record of experimentally induced salmon gill poxvirus disease (SGPVD) in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.). Veterinary research (VR). 2020;51(63) FRIDAID 1808709 https://doi.org/10.1186/s13567-020-00787-9 0928-4249 1297-9716 https://hdl.handle.net/10037/18522 openAccess Copyright 2020 The Author(s) VDP::Agriculture and fishery disciplines: 900::Fisheries science: 920 VDP::Landbruks- og Fiskerifag: 900::Fiskerifag: 920 Journal article Tidsskriftartikkel Peer reviewed publishedVersion 2020 ftunivtroemsoe https://doi.org/10.1186/s13567-020-00787-9 2021-06-25T17:57:31Z Salmon gill poxvirus (SGPV) infection is a common denominator in many cases of complex gill disease in the Norwegian salmon farming industry and may, as a single agent infection, result in salmon poxvirus disease (SGPVD). Experiences from the field suggest that stress may be a decisive factor for the induction of SGPVD. Here we investigated the effect of stress hormone treatment on SGPV kinetics and disease development. In our experiment, Atlantic salmon were divided into four groups. Two groups of fish received an intraperitoneal injection of hydrocortisone dissolved in a fatty vehicle, whereas fish in the other two groups received a sham injection of the vehicle. After 24 h, one group with hydrocortisone injection and one with sham injection were exposed to dead SGPV-infected fish. Plasma cortisol level, virus kinetics, virus localization, and pathological gill were monitored for 4 weeks post-exposure. Hydrocortisone injected fish displayed higher plasma cortisol and SGPV loads than non-hydrocortisone treated fish. Signs of SGPVD and ensuing mortality appeared only in fish exposed to the virus and injected with hydrocortisone around 2 weeks post-exposure. No clinical signs of disease or mortality were recorded in the other groups. Further, gill histopathology in diseased fish correlated well with SGPV load, with the infection apparently confined to gill epithelial cells. The current findings suggest elevated plasma cortisol being a prerequisite for the development of SGPVD and recommend minimization of stressful farming activities, particularly if SGPV infection has been previously identified. Article in Journal/Newspaper Atlantic salmon Salmo salar University of Tromsø: Munin Open Research Archive Veterinary Research 51 1 |
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Open Polar |
collection |
University of Tromsø: Munin Open Research Archive |
op_collection_id |
ftunivtroemsoe |
language |
English |
topic |
VDP::Agriculture and fishery disciplines: 900::Fisheries science: 920 VDP::Landbruks- og Fiskerifag: 900::Fiskerifag: 920 |
spellingShingle |
VDP::Agriculture and fishery disciplines: 900::Fisheries science: 920 VDP::Landbruks- og Fiskerifag: 900::Fiskerifag: 920 Thoen, Even Tartor, Haitham Amundsen, Marit Dale, Ole Bendik Sveinsson, Karoline Overn Rønning, Hans Petter Grønneberg, Estelle Dahle, Maria Gjessing, Mona Cecilie First record of experimentally induced salmon gill poxvirus disease (SGPVD) in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) |
topic_facet |
VDP::Agriculture and fishery disciplines: 900::Fisheries science: 920 VDP::Landbruks- og Fiskerifag: 900::Fiskerifag: 920 |
description |
Salmon gill poxvirus (SGPV) infection is a common denominator in many cases of complex gill disease in the Norwegian salmon farming industry and may, as a single agent infection, result in salmon poxvirus disease (SGPVD). Experiences from the field suggest that stress may be a decisive factor for the induction of SGPVD. Here we investigated the effect of stress hormone treatment on SGPV kinetics and disease development. In our experiment, Atlantic salmon were divided into four groups. Two groups of fish received an intraperitoneal injection of hydrocortisone dissolved in a fatty vehicle, whereas fish in the other two groups received a sham injection of the vehicle. After 24 h, one group with hydrocortisone injection and one with sham injection were exposed to dead SGPV-infected fish. Plasma cortisol level, virus kinetics, virus localization, and pathological gill were monitored for 4 weeks post-exposure. Hydrocortisone injected fish displayed higher plasma cortisol and SGPV loads than non-hydrocortisone treated fish. Signs of SGPVD and ensuing mortality appeared only in fish exposed to the virus and injected with hydrocortisone around 2 weeks post-exposure. No clinical signs of disease or mortality were recorded in the other groups. Further, gill histopathology in diseased fish correlated well with SGPV load, with the infection apparently confined to gill epithelial cells. The current findings suggest elevated plasma cortisol being a prerequisite for the development of SGPVD and recommend minimization of stressful farming activities, particularly if SGPV infection has been previously identified. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Thoen, Even Tartor, Haitham Amundsen, Marit Dale, Ole Bendik Sveinsson, Karoline Overn Rønning, Hans Petter Grønneberg, Estelle Dahle, Maria Gjessing, Mona Cecilie |
author_facet |
Thoen, Even Tartor, Haitham Amundsen, Marit Dale, Ole Bendik Sveinsson, Karoline Overn Rønning, Hans Petter Grønneberg, Estelle Dahle, Maria Gjessing, Mona Cecilie |
author_sort |
Thoen, Even |
title |
First record of experimentally induced salmon gill poxvirus disease (SGPVD) in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) |
title_short |
First record of experimentally induced salmon gill poxvirus disease (SGPVD) in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) |
title_full |
First record of experimentally induced salmon gill poxvirus disease (SGPVD) in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) |
title_fullStr |
First record of experimentally induced salmon gill poxvirus disease (SGPVD) in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) |
title_full_unstemmed |
First record of experimentally induced salmon gill poxvirus disease (SGPVD) in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) |
title_sort |
first record of experimentally induced salmon gill poxvirus disease (sgpvd) in atlantic salmon (salmo salar l.) |
publisher |
BMC |
publishDate |
2020 |
url |
https://hdl.handle.net/10037/18522 https://doi.org/10.1186/s13567-020-00787-9 |
genre |
Atlantic salmon Salmo salar |
genre_facet |
Atlantic salmon Salmo salar |
op_relation |
Veterinary research (VR) info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/RCN/HAVBRUK2/267491/Norway/Understanding Salmon gill poxvirus disease; an emerging threat for Atlantic salmon farming// Thoen E, Tartor HM, Amundsen M, Dale OB, Sveinsson KO, Hans Petter, Grønneberg E, Dahle MK, Gjessing MCG. First record of experimentally induced salmon gill poxvirus disease (SGPVD) in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.). Veterinary research (VR). 2020;51(63) FRIDAID 1808709 https://doi.org/10.1186/s13567-020-00787-9 0928-4249 1297-9716 https://hdl.handle.net/10037/18522 |
op_rights |
openAccess Copyright 2020 The Author(s) |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1186/s13567-020-00787-9 |
container_title |
Veterinary Research |
container_volume |
51 |
container_issue |
1 |
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1766362284568870912 |