Effect of Antiviral Drugs against Cervid Herpesvirus 2 (CvHV2) in vitro
Cervid herpesvirus 2 (CvHV2) is an alphaherpesvirus found in Rangifer subspecies throughout most of the circumpolar Arctic and the causative agent of infectious keratoconjunctivitis (IKC) in semi-domesticated Eurasian tundra reindeer (Rangifer tarandus tarandus). IKC occurs as regular outbreaks, aff...
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ftunivtroemsoe:oai:munin.uit.no:10037/16670 2023-05-15T15:15:45+02:00 Effect of Antiviral Drugs against Cervid Herpesvirus 2 (CvHV2) in vitro Magnuson, Emily Elizabeth 2018-11-15 https://hdl.handle.net/10037/16670 eng eng UiT Norges arktiske universitet UiT The Arctic University of Norway https://hdl.handle.net/10037/16670 openAccess Copyright 2018 The Author(s) Biological Science VDP::Mathematics and natural science: 400::Basic biosciences: 470::General microbiology: 472 VDP::Matematikk og Naturvitenskap: 400::Basale biofag: 470::Generell mikrobiologi: 472 BIO-3950 Master thesis Mastergradsoppgave 2018 ftunivtroemsoe 2021-06-25T17:56:56Z Cervid herpesvirus 2 (CvHV2) is an alphaherpesvirus found in Rangifer subspecies throughout most of the circumpolar Arctic and the causative agent of infectious keratoconjunctivitis (IKC) in semi-domesticated Eurasian tundra reindeer (Rangifer tarandus tarandus). IKC occurs as regular outbreaks, affecting dozens of reindeer in a herd, and is most common and severe among calves and young animals. IKC often appears as mild clinical signs from which the animals often recover, but the disease can progress to more advanced stages where the eye is severely damaged, resulting in blindness or death. Development of an antiviral therapy for CvHV2 could improve animal welfare conditions and reduce economic losses within reindeer herding industry in Fennoscandia. To our knowledge, only one pilot study has previously tested the effectiveness of antiviral drugs against CvHV2 and indicated that the nucleoside analog drug Acyclovir, commonly used as an antiherpetic treatment in humans and other species, was not successful inhibiting viral replication. This master’s study aimed to further investigate the effect of antiviral drugs against CvHV2 by testing Ganciclovir and Cidofovir, and to evaluate their potential use as part of a treatment for IKC in semi-domesticated reindeer in Fennoscandia. An in vitro experiment which used Madin-Darby bovine kidney (MDBK) cell cultures was used as a preliminary model for natural CvHV2 infection in reindeer. A negative dose-response relationship was found for both Ganciclovir and Cidofovir, however, neither drug was able to completely inhibit the viral replication even at the highest drug concentrations and lowest viral titers tested. These findings indicate that both drugs are tentative candidates for the development of an antiviral treatment for CvHV2, but further studies to attempt to increase the therapeutic index of either drug should be strongly considered before testing in live animals. Master Thesis Arctic Fennoscandia Rangifer tarandus Tundra University of Tromsø: Munin Open Research Archive Arctic Darby ENVELOPE(162.217,162.217,-77.667,-77.667) |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
University of Tromsø: Munin Open Research Archive |
op_collection_id |
ftunivtroemsoe |
language |
English |
topic |
Biological Science VDP::Mathematics and natural science: 400::Basic biosciences: 470::General microbiology: 472 VDP::Matematikk og Naturvitenskap: 400::Basale biofag: 470::Generell mikrobiologi: 472 BIO-3950 |
spellingShingle |
Biological Science VDP::Mathematics and natural science: 400::Basic biosciences: 470::General microbiology: 472 VDP::Matematikk og Naturvitenskap: 400::Basale biofag: 470::Generell mikrobiologi: 472 BIO-3950 Magnuson, Emily Elizabeth Effect of Antiviral Drugs against Cervid Herpesvirus 2 (CvHV2) in vitro |
topic_facet |
Biological Science VDP::Mathematics and natural science: 400::Basic biosciences: 470::General microbiology: 472 VDP::Matematikk og Naturvitenskap: 400::Basale biofag: 470::Generell mikrobiologi: 472 BIO-3950 |
description |
Cervid herpesvirus 2 (CvHV2) is an alphaherpesvirus found in Rangifer subspecies throughout most of the circumpolar Arctic and the causative agent of infectious keratoconjunctivitis (IKC) in semi-domesticated Eurasian tundra reindeer (Rangifer tarandus tarandus). IKC occurs as regular outbreaks, affecting dozens of reindeer in a herd, and is most common and severe among calves and young animals. IKC often appears as mild clinical signs from which the animals often recover, but the disease can progress to more advanced stages where the eye is severely damaged, resulting in blindness or death. Development of an antiviral therapy for CvHV2 could improve animal welfare conditions and reduce economic losses within reindeer herding industry in Fennoscandia. To our knowledge, only one pilot study has previously tested the effectiveness of antiviral drugs against CvHV2 and indicated that the nucleoside analog drug Acyclovir, commonly used as an antiherpetic treatment in humans and other species, was not successful inhibiting viral replication. This master’s study aimed to further investigate the effect of antiviral drugs against CvHV2 by testing Ganciclovir and Cidofovir, and to evaluate their potential use as part of a treatment for IKC in semi-domesticated reindeer in Fennoscandia. An in vitro experiment which used Madin-Darby bovine kidney (MDBK) cell cultures was used as a preliminary model for natural CvHV2 infection in reindeer. A negative dose-response relationship was found for both Ganciclovir and Cidofovir, however, neither drug was able to completely inhibit the viral replication even at the highest drug concentrations and lowest viral titers tested. These findings indicate that both drugs are tentative candidates for the development of an antiviral treatment for CvHV2, but further studies to attempt to increase the therapeutic index of either drug should be strongly considered before testing in live animals. |
format |
Master Thesis |
author |
Magnuson, Emily Elizabeth |
author_facet |
Magnuson, Emily Elizabeth |
author_sort |
Magnuson, Emily Elizabeth |
title |
Effect of Antiviral Drugs against Cervid Herpesvirus 2 (CvHV2) in vitro |
title_short |
Effect of Antiviral Drugs against Cervid Herpesvirus 2 (CvHV2) in vitro |
title_full |
Effect of Antiviral Drugs against Cervid Herpesvirus 2 (CvHV2) in vitro |
title_fullStr |
Effect of Antiviral Drugs against Cervid Herpesvirus 2 (CvHV2) in vitro |
title_full_unstemmed |
Effect of Antiviral Drugs against Cervid Herpesvirus 2 (CvHV2) in vitro |
title_sort |
effect of antiviral drugs against cervid herpesvirus 2 (cvhv2) in vitro |
publisher |
UiT Norges arktiske universitet |
publishDate |
2018 |
url |
https://hdl.handle.net/10037/16670 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(162.217,162.217,-77.667,-77.667) |
geographic |
Arctic Darby |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Darby |
genre |
Arctic Fennoscandia Rangifer tarandus Tundra |
genre_facet |
Arctic Fennoscandia Rangifer tarandus Tundra |
op_relation |
https://hdl.handle.net/10037/16670 |
op_rights |
openAccess Copyright 2018 The Author(s) |
_version_ |
1766346087227981824 |